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Çetinel ZÖ, Bilge D. Investigation of miltefosine-model membranes interactions at the molecular level for two different PS levels modeling cancer cells. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2024; 56:461-473. [PMID: 38833041 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-024-10025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Miltefosine (MLT) is a broad-spectrum drug included in the alkylphospholipids (APL) used against leishmania and various types of cancer. The most crucial feature of APLs is that they are thought to only kill cancerous cells without harming normal cells. However, the molecular mechanism of action of APLs is not completely understood. The increase in the phosphatidylserine (PS) ratio is a marker showing the stage of cancer and even metastasis. The goal of this research was to investigate the molecular effects of miltefosine at the molecular level in different PS ratios. The effects of MLT on membrane phase transition, membrane orders, and dynamics were studied using DPPC/DPPS (3:1) and DPPC/DPPS (1:1) multilayer (MLV) vesicles mimicking DPPS ratio variation, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Our findings indicate that miltefosine is evidence at the molecular level that it is directed towards the tumor cell and that the drug's effect increases with the increase of anionic lipids in the membrane depending on the stage of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duygu Bilge
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, 35100, Turkey.
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2
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Sekowski S, Naziris N, Chountoulesi M, Olchowik-Grabarek E, Czerkas K, Veiko A, Abdulladjanova N, Demetzos C, Zamaraeva M. Interaction of Rhus typhina Tannin with Lipid Nanoparticles: Implication for the Formulation of a Tannin-Liposome Hybrid Biomaterial with Antibacterial Activity. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:296. [PMID: 37367260 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tannins are natural plant origin polyphenols that are promising compounds for pharmacological applications due to their strong and different biological activities, including antibacterial activity. Our previous studies demonstrated that sumac tannin, i.e., 3,6-bis-O-di-O-galloyl-1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (isolated from Rhus typhina L.), possesses strong antibacterial activity against different bacterial strains. One of the crucial factors of the pharmacological activity of tannins is their ability to interact with biomembranes, which may result in the penetration of these compounds into cells or the realization of their activity on the surface. The aim of the current work was to study the interactions of sumac tannin with liposomes as a simple model of the cellular membrane, which is widely used in studies focused on the explanation of the physicochemical nature of molecule-membrane interactions. Additionally, these lipid nanovesicles are very often investigated as nanocarriers for different types of biologically active molecules, such as antibiotics. In the frame of our study, using differential scanning calorimetry, zeta-potential, and fluorescence analysis, we have shown that 3,6-bis-O-di-O-galloyl-1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose interacts strongly with liposomes and can be encapsulated inside them. A formulated sumac-liposome hybrid nanocomplex demonstrated much stronger antibacterial activity in comparison with pure tannin. Overall, by using the high affinity of sumac tannin to liposomes, new, functional nanobiomaterials with strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains, such as S. aureus, S. epidermitis, and B. cereus, can be formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Sekowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Naziris
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czerkas
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Artem Veiko
- Department of Biochemistry, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Bulvar Leninskogo Komsomola, 5, 230030 Grodno, Belarus
| | - Nodira Abdulladjanova
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100143, Uzbekistan
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Zamaraeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
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Sartori B, Marmiroli B. Tailoring Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Nanosystems by Synchrotron Small Angle X-ray Scattering. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122704. [PMID: 36559196 PMCID: PMC9781362 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thanks to specific physico-chemical properties, drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles have proven to effectively transport delicate molecules for therapeutic purposes, protecting them from degradation, increasing their stability in the blood circulation and allowing to convey and release the transported substances in specific areas of the body. Nanoparticles obtained from biopolymers for applications in medicine and pharmaceutics have become particularly popular in recent years due to the enormous research effort in the field of vaccines to respond to the pandemic emergency. Among the various types of biopolymers used to produce nanoparticles for therapeutics, lipids have characteristics that make them biocompatible, with low toxicity and ease of clearance. They can be synthesized by designing their characteristics according to the foreseen administration path, or to the target of the transported drug. The analytical methods mostly used to evaluate the characteristics of lipid nanosytems for drug delivery involve studying their effects on cells, in vitro and in vivo. Although it is often considered a "niche technique" for research in the bio-related sciences, Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) is a versatile tool to study the structure of nanosystems based on lipids, both ex situ and in situ. Therefore, it allows to evaluate both the effect of the different synthesis parameters and of the exposure of lipid nanoparticles to physiological conditions, which is of fundamental importance to design efficient drug delivery systems. In this mini-review, we will report some recent examples of characterization and design of nanoparticles based on lipids, where SAXS has been a fundamental step both to guide the synthesis of nanomaterials with tailored characteristics, and to understand the interaction between nanomaterials and cells.
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Megariotis G, Mikaelian G, Avramopoulos A, Romanos N, Theodorou DN. Molecular simulations of fluoxetine in hydrated lipid bilayers, as well as in aqueous solutions containing β-cyclodextrin. J Mol Graph Model 2022; 117:108305. [PMID: 35987186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxetine, which is a well-known antidepressant drug, is studied in hydrated cholesterol-free and cholesterol-containing lipid bilayers through unbiased and biased atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. The latter are conducted for the calculation of the potential of mean force (PMF) of fluoxetine along an axis perpendicular to the two leaflets of the bilayer. The PMF indicates that the drug prefers to reside inside the lipid phase and allows us to calculate important thermodynamic properties, such as the Gibbs energy difference of partitioning from the water to the lipid phase and the Gibbs energy barrier for hopping events between the two leaflets of the bilayer. The results from the biased simulations are in accord with the mass density profiles calculated from the unbiased simulations. Moreover, we estimate the effect of fluoxetine mole fraction on the order parameters of the lipid alkyl chains and on the area per lipid. It is also found that fluoxetine forms a hydrogen bond network with lipids and water molecules penetrating into the lipid phase. In addition, fluoxoetine is studied in detail in aqueous solutions containing β-cyclodextrin. It is observed from unbiased molecular dynamics simulations that the two aforementioned molecules form a noncovalent complex spontaneously and the calculated binding free energy is in agreement with the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Megariotis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, GR, 15780, Greece.
| | - Georgios Mikaelian
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, GR, 15780, Greece
| | - Aggelos Avramopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Thessaly, 3rd Km Old National Road Lamia Athens, Lamia, GR, 35100, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Romanos
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, GR, 15780, Greece
| | - Doros N Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, GR, 15780, Greece
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5
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Insights into molecular mechanism of action of citrus flavonoids hesperidin and naringin on lipid bilayers using spectroscopic, calorimetric, microscopic and theoretical studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Róg T, Girych M, Bunker A. Mechanistic Understanding from Molecular Dynamics in Pharmaceutical Research 2: Lipid Membrane in Drug Design. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1062. [PMID: 34681286 PMCID: PMC8537670 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation as a drug design tool in the context of the role that the lipid membrane can play in drug action, i.e., the interaction between candidate drug molecules and lipid membranes. In the standard "lock and key" paradigm, only the interaction between the drug and a specific active site of a specific protein is considered; the environment in which the drug acts is, from a biophysical perspective, far more complex than this. The possible mechanisms though which a drug can be designed to tinker with physiological processes are significantly broader than merely fitting to a single active site of a single protein. In this paper, we focus on the role of the lipid membrane, arguably the most important element outside the proteins themselves, as a case study. We discuss work that has been carried out, using MD simulation, concerning the transfection of drugs through membranes that act as biological barriers in the path of the drugs, the behavior of drug molecules within membranes, how their collective behavior can affect the structure and properties of the membrane and, finally, the role lipid membranes, to which the vast majority of drug target proteins are associated, can play in mediating the interaction between drug and target protein. This review paper is the second in a two-part series covering MD simulation as a tool in pharmaceutical research; both are designed as pedagogical review papers aimed at both pharmaceutical scientists interested in exploring how the tool of MD simulation can be applied to their research and computational scientists interested in exploring the possibility of a pharmaceutical context for their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mykhailo Girych
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Alex Bunker
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
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7
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Megariotis G, Romanos N, Avramopoulos A, Mikaelian G, Theodorou DN. In silico study of levodopa in hydrated lipid bilayers at the atomistic level. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 107:107972. [PMID: 34174554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article presents atomistic molecular dynamics and umbrella sampling simulations of levodopa at various concentrations in hydrated cholesterol-free 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and cholesterol-containing 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayers. Levodopa is the standard medication for Parkinson's disease and is marketed under various trade names; in the context of this article, the levodopa molecule is mostly studied in its zwitterionic form but some results concerning the neutral levodopa are presented as well for comparison purposes. The motivation is to study in detail how levodopa behaves in different hydrated lipid membranes, primarily from the thermodynamic point of view, and reveal aspects of mechanism of its permeation through them. Dependencies of properties on the levodopa concentration are also investigated. Special attention is paid to the calculation of mass density profiles, order parameters and self-diffusion coefficients. Levodopa zwitterions, which form a hydrogen bond network with water and phospholipid molecules, are found to be preferentially located at the water/lipid interface, as well as in the aqueous phase surrounding the cholesterol-free and cholesterol-containing bilayers. This is concluded from the potentials of mean force calculated by umbrella sampling simulations as levodopa is transferred from the lipid to the aqueous phase along an axis perpendicular to the two leaflets of the membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Megariotis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, GR, 15780, Greece.
| | - Nikolaos Romanos
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, GR, 15780, Greece
| | - Aggelos Avramopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Thessaly, 3rd Km Old National Road Lamia Athens, Lamia, GR, 35100, Greece
| | - Georgios Mikaelian
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, GR, 15780, Greece
| | - Doros N Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, Athens, GR, 15780, Greece
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Naziris N, Pippa N, Sereti E, Chrysostomou V, Kędzierska M, Kajdanek J, Ionov M, Miłowska K, Balcerzak Ł, Garofalo S, Limatola C, Pispas S, Dimas K, Bryszewska M, Demetzos C. Chimeric Stimuli-Responsive Liposomes as Nanocarriers for the Delivery of the Anti-Glioma Agent TRAM-34. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126271. [PMID: 34200955 PMCID: PMC8230631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers are delivery platforms of drugs, peptides, nucleic acids and other therapeutic molecules that are indicated for severe human diseases. Gliomas are the most frequent type of brain tumor, with glioblastoma being the most common and malignant type. The current state of glioma treatment requires innovative approaches that will lead to efficient and safe therapies. Advanced nanosystems and stimuli-responsive materials are available and well-studied technologies that may contribute to this effort. The present study deals with the development of functional chimeric nanocarriers composed of a phospholipid and a diblock copolymer, for the incorporation, delivery and pH-responsive release of the antiglioma agent TRAM-34 inside glioblastoma cells. Nanocarrier analysis included light scattering, protein incubation and electron microscopy, and fluorescence anisotropy and thermal analysis techniques were also applied. Biological assays were carried out in order to evaluate the nanocarrier nanotoxicity in vitro and in vivo, as well as to evaluate antiglioma activity. The nanosystems were able to successfully manifest functional properties under pH conditions, and their biocompatibility and cellular internalization were also evident. The chimeric nanoplatforms presented herein have shown promise for biomedical applications so far and should be further studied in terms of their ability to deliver TRAM-34 and other therapeutic molecules to glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Naziris
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.N.); (N.P.)
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.N.); (N.P.)
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (V.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Evangelia Sereti
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (E.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Varvara Chrysostomou
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (V.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Marta Kędzierska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Jakub Kajdanek
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Miłowska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
| | - Łucja Balcerzak
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Stefano Garofalo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (C.L.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (V.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (E.S.); (K.D.)
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (M.K.); (J.K.); (M.I.); (K.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (C.D.); Tel.: +48-426354474 (M.B.); +30-2107274596 (C.D.)
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.N.); (N.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (C.D.); Tel.: +48-426354474 (M.B.); +30-2107274596 (C.D.)
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A Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Experimental Protocol for Evaluating the Modified Thermotropic Behavior of Liposomes with Incorporated Guest Molecules. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2207:299-312. [PMID: 33113143 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0920-0_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a well-established technique, suitable to monitor the interactions that may take place among the drug delivery systems of liposomes and the potential bioactive molecules that are incorporated inside them. Moreover, the DSC technique is considered to be a useful tool to characterize the thermal behavior of lipidic bilayers in the absence and presence of drugs and to highlight parameters, such as the cooperativity between the lipids and the guest molecules (i.e. drugs, polymers, dendrimers), providing also a prediction of the behavior of potential future drug delivery liposomal platforms. In this study, a protocol for DSC measurements on liposomal systems with incorporated guest molecules is described.
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Tzitzoglaki C, McGuire K, Lagarias P, Konstantinidi A, Hoffmann A, Fokina NA, Ma C, Papanastasiou IP, Schreiner PR, Vázquez S, Schmidtke M, Wang J, Busath DD, Kolocouris A. Chemical Probes for Blocking of Influenza A M2 Wild-type and S31N Channels. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2331-2337. [PMID: 32786258 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We report on using the synthetic aminoadamantane-CH2-aryl derivatives 1-6 as sensitive probes for blocking M2 S31N and influenza A virus (IAV) M2 wild-type (WT) channels as well as virus replication in cell culture. The binding kinetics measured using electrophysiology (EP) for M2 S31N channel are very dependent on the length between the adamantane moiety and the first ring of the aryl headgroup realized in 2 and 3 and the girth and length of the adamantane adduct realized in 4 and 5. Study of 1-6 shows that, according to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) calculations, all bind in the M2 S31N channel with the adamantyl group positioned between V27 and G34 and the aryl group projecting out of the channel with the phenyl (or isoxazole in 6) embedded in the V27 cluster. In this outward binding configuration, an elongation of the ligand by only one methylene in rimantadine 2 or using diamantane or triamantane instead of adamantane in 4 and 5, respectively, causes incomplete entry and facilitates exit, abolishing effective block compared to the amantadine derivatives 1 and 6. In the active M2 S31N blockers 1 and 6, the phenyl and isoxazolyl head groups achieve a deeper binding position and high kon/low koff and high kon/high koff rate constants, compared to inactive 2-5, which have much lower kon and higher koff. Compounds 1-5 block the M2 WT channel by binding in the longer area from V27-H37, in the inward orientation, with high kon and low koff rate constants. Infection of cell cultures by influenza virus containing M2 WT or M2 S31N is inhibited by 1-5 or 1-4 and 6, respectively. While 1 and 6 block infection through the M2 block mechanism in the S31N variant, 2-4 may block M2 S31N virus replication in cell culture through the lysosomotropic effect, just as chloroquine is thought to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tzitzoglaki
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Kelly McGuire
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Panagiotis Lagarias
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Athina Konstantinidi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Anja Hoffmann
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Virology, Hans Knoell Str. 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Natalie A. Fokina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Chulong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Ioannis P. Papanastasiou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratori de Quı́mica Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Quı́mica Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Michaela Schmidtke
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Virology, Hans Knoell Str. 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - David D. Busath
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Antonios Kolocouris
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
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11
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Konstantinidi A, Chountoulesi M, Naziris N, Sartori B, Amenitsch H, Mali G, Čendak T, Plakantonaki M, Triantafyllakou I, Tselios T, Demetzos C, Busath DD, Mavromoustakos T, Kolocouris A. The boundary lipid around DMPC-spanning influenza A M2 transmembrane domain channels: Its structure and potential for drug accommodation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1862:183156. [PMID: 31846647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the perturbation of influenza A M2TM in DMPC bilayers. We have shown that (a) DSC and SAXS detect changes in membrane organization caused by small changes (micromolar) in M2TM or aminoadamantane concentration and aminoadamantane structure, by comparison of amantadine and spiro[pyrrolidine-2,2'-adamantane] (AK13), (b) that WAXS and MD can suggest details of ligand topology. DSC and SAXS show that at a low M2TM micromolar concentration in DPMC bilayers, two lipid domains are observed, which likely correspond to M2TM boundary lipids and bulk-like lipids. At higher M2TM concentrations, one domain only is identified, which constitutes essentially all of the lipid molecules behaving as boundary lipids. According to SAXS, WAXS, and DSC in the absence of M2TM, both aminoadamantane drugs exert a similar perturbing effect on the bilayer at low concentrations. At the same concentrations of the drug when M2TM is present, amantadine and, to a lesser extent, AK13 cause, according to WAXS, a significant disordering of chain-stacking, which also leads to the formation of two lipid domains. This effect is likely due, according to MD simulations, to the preference of the more lipophilic AK13 to locate closer to the lateral surfaces of M2TM when compared to amantadine, which forms stronger ionic interactions with phosphate groups. The preference of AK13 to concentrate inside the lipid bilayer close to the exterior of the hydrophobic M2TM helices may contribute to its higher binding affinity compared to amantadine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Konstantinidi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Naziris
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Barbara Sartori
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gregor Mali
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana SI-1001, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Čendak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana SI-1001, Slovenia
| | - Maria Plakantonaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Rion, Patras 26500, Greece
| | - Iro Triantafyllakou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Rion, Patras 26500, Greece
| | - Theodore Tselios
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Rion, Patras 26500, Greece
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - David D Busath
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece.
| | - Antonios Kolocouris
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece.
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