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Brycki B, Szulc A, Brycka J, Kowalczyk I. Properties and Applications of Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactant 12-6-12: An Overview. Molecules 2023; 28:6336. [PMID: 37687165 PMCID: PMC10489655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules and one of the most versatile products of the chemical industry. They can be absorbed at the air-water interface and can align themselves so that the hydrophobic part is in the air while the hydrophilic part is in water. This alignment lowers the surface or interfacial tension. Gemini surfactants are a modern variety of surfactants with unique properties and a very wide range of potential applications. Hexamethylene-1,6-bis(N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylammonium bromide) is one such representative compound that is a better alternative to a single analogue. It shows excellent surface, antimicrobial, and anticorrosion properties. With a highly efficient synthetic method and a good ecological profile, it is a potential candidate for numerous applications, including biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumił Brycki
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Adrianna Szulc
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
| | | | - Iwona Kowalczyk
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
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Morris BA, Elgendy AA, MacNeil NE, Singer OM, Hoare JG, Singer RD, Marangoni DG. The partitioning of primary alcohols into the aggregates of gemini amphiphiles determined from diffusion NMR experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:21236-21244. [PMID: 37540489 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02854b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The partition constants (p-values) of primary alcohols in solutions containing aggregates of symmetric gemini surfactants of the family N,N'-dimethyl, N-dialkyl-α,ω-alkanediammonium dibromide (m-s-m = symmetric gemini surfactants) have been computed from the measured values of their diffusion coefficients obtained from NMR-diffusion experiments. From the p-values, both mole-fraction and concentration-based partition coefficients and Gibbs energies of transfer for the alcohols from the bulk D2O phase to the gemini aggregate phase have been calculated. As expected, the Gibbs energy of transfer decreased linearly with an increase in the alcohol carbon length for each of the primary alcohol/gemini amphiphile series studied. The Gibbs transfer energy increment per CH2 for the alcohols was consistent for all the alcohol/gemini amphiphile series and was in excellent agreement with the values measured for the same primary alcohol series in conventional single-headed, single-tailed surfactants. Surprisingly, the partition coefficients of the alcohols in the symmetric gemini aggregates exhibited little, if any, dependence on the spacer length of the gemini amphiphiles and were remarkably consistent as the length of the main surfactant chain increased at constant spacer length. When these results are compared to the partition coefficients of the same alcohols in corresponding monomeric surfactants, we observe little difference in the thermodynamic driving forces governing the transfer of alcohols from water to the aggregates of either monomeric or symmetric gemini surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke A Morris
- Dept. of Chemistry, St. F.X. University, P.O. Box 5000, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada.
| | - Ahmed A Elgendy
- Dept. of Chemistry, St. F.X. University, P.O. Box 5000, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada.
| | - Nicole E MacNeil
- Dept. of Chemistry, St. F.X. University, P.O. Box 5000, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada.
| | - Olivia M Singer
- Dept. of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada.
| | - Jacob G Hoare
- Dept. of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada.
| | - Robert D Singer
- Dept. of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada.
| | - D Gerrard Marangoni
- Dept. of Chemistry, St. F.X. University, P.O. Box 5000, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada.
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Singer O, Campbell JW, Hoare JG, Masuda JD, Marangoni G, Singer RD. Improved Green Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Symmetrical Cationic Gemini Surfactants. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35326-35330. [PMID: 36211064 PMCID: PMC9535716 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Gemini surfactants are composed of two hydrocarbon tails with corresponding polar headgroups, linked via a covalent spacer. The synthesis of these surfactants is a very active area of research due to their application as catalysts and other applied areas of study. The modification of green microwave techniques developed in our research on ionic liquids has resulted in the significant improvement of the synthesis of N,N'-bis(dimethylalkyl)-α,ω-alkanediammonium dibromide (m-s-m type) symmetrical gemini surfactants. This approach utilizes a remarkably more economical, green, and sustainable methodology for the production of symmetrical gemini surfactants that can be utilized in numerous commercial applications. The improved synthetic approach of these gemini surfactants has led to the characterization of their crystalline packing for the first time ever using X-ray crystallographic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia
M. Singer
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Jacob W. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Jacob G. Hoare
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Jason D. Masuda
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Gerrard Marangoni
- Deptartment of Chemistry, St.
Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia B2G 2W5, Canada
| | - Robert D. Singer
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax B3H 3C3, Canada
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Kawai R, Yada S, Yoshimura T. Adsorption and Aggregation Behavior of Mixtures of Quaternary-Ammonium-Salt-Type Amphiphilic Compounds with Fluorinated Counterions and Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11330-11337. [PMID: 34520217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The surface adsorption and aggregation behavior of a mixture of quaternary-ammonium-salt-type amphiphilic monomeric compounds (C4 FSA, C8 FSA, and C4 NTf2) or gemini compounds (C10-2-C4 FSA) and various surfactants (nonionic hexaoxyethylene dodecyl ether (C12EO6), anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cationic dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (C12TAB), and zwitterionic N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate (C12Sb)) was investigated. Both types of compounds contained alkyl chains of nonidentical lengths that used bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSA-) or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NTf2-) as counterions. The mixtures were analyzed for surface tension, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and pyrene fluorescence, in addition to evaluation by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and dynamic light scattering. Our results showed that the surface tension depended on the surfactant structure. For the mixture of C8 FSA and SDS, as the SDS concentration increased, the surface tension first decreased and became constant at the critical micelle concentration (CMC). In this concentration range, C8 FSA and SDS were approximately equimolar (2.5 mmol dm-3), the mixture adsorbed efficiently at the air-water interface, and vesicles and linear-type micelles were formed in the solution owing to the decreased electrostatic repulsion between the hydrophilic groups. As the SDS concentration further increased, the surface tension increased and reached another constant value. The C8 FSA at the interface was replaced by SDS and the aggregates transformed into spherical micelles. The surface tension plot of the mixture of the amphiphilic compounds and C12Sb showed a minimum at the CMC. The lowest CMC and surface tension were observed for C10-2-C4 FSA, indicating that the gemini compounds offer excellent adsorption and orientation at the air-water interface. It was revealed that the quaternary-ammonium-salt-type amphiphilic compounds in this study acted as ionic liquids on their own and as surfactants in aqueous solution. Further, they could improve the surface activity of conventional ionic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Kawai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Shiho Yada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilmoni Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB India
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Zhang Y, Mao J, Zhao J, Liao Z, Xu T, Mao J, Sun H, Zheng L, Ni Y. Synergy between different sulfobetaine-type zwitterionic Gemini surfactants: Surface tension and rheological properties. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Petropolis NP, Petropolis HM, MacNeil NE, Doucet TM, Marangoni DG. The Interaction of Glymes with Surfactant Micelles. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicole E. MacNeil
- Department of Chemistry St. F.X. University Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada
| | - Taylor M. Doucet
- Department of Chemistry St. F.X. University Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada
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Surface properties and microemulsion of anionic/nonionic mixtures based on sulfonate Gemini surfactant in the presence of NaCl. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Łudzik K, Woloszczuk S, Zając W, Jazdzewska M, Rogachev A, Kuklin AI, Zawisza A, Jóźwiak M. Can the Isothermal Calorimetric Curve Shapes Suggest the Structural Changes in Micellar Aggregates? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165828. [PMID: 32823747 PMCID: PMC7461569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the unusual shapes of the titration curve observed for many surfactants and mixed colloidal systems, we decided to extend the analysis to isothermal titration calorimetric curves (ITC) by paying special attention to potential structural changes in micellar aggregates. In this paper, we used isothermal titration calorimetry in conjunction with Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and X-ray Scattering (SAXS) methods support by Monte Carlo and semiempirical quantum chemistry simulations to confirm if the isothermal calorimetric curve shape can reflect micelle transition phenomena. For that purpose, we analysed, from the thermodynamic point of view, a group of cationic gemini surfactants, alkanediyl-α,ω-bis(dimethylalkylammonium) bromides. We proposed the shape of aggregates created by surfactant molecules in aqueous solutions and changes thereof within a wide temperature range. The results provide evidence for the reorganization processes and the relationship (dependence) between the morphology of the created aggregates and the conditions such as temperature, surfactant concentration and spacer chain length which affect the processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Łudzik
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (M.J.); (A.R.); (A.I.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Wojciech Zając
- The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Monika Jazdzewska
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (M.J.); (A.R.); (A.I.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Andrey Rogachev
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (M.J.); (A.R.); (A.I.K.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per. 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexander Ivanowicz Kuklin
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia; (M.J.); (A.R.); (A.I.K.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per. 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Anna Zawisza
- Department of Organic and Applied Chemistry, University of Lodz, 91-403 Lodz Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Jóźwiak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
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McLachlan A, Singh K, McAlduff M, Marangoni DG, Shortall S, Wettig SD. m-s-m cationic gemini and zwitterionic surfactants - a thermodynamic analysis of their mixed micelle formation. RSC Adv 2020; 10:3221-3232. [PMID: 35497753 PMCID: PMC9049202 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09432f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Micelle formation enthalpies (ΔmicH values) have been calorimetrically determined at 298 K for three sets of mixed zwitterionic/cationic gemini systems consisting of N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl-3-ammonio-1-propanesulfonate (ZW3-12) and a series of structurally related gemini surfactants, the N,N'-bis(dimethyldodecyl)-α,ω-alkanediammonium dibromide (12-s-12) systems. From the experimental and the estimated ideal micelle formation enthalpies, the excess enthalpies were obtained. The degrees of nonideality of the interaction in the mixed micelle (βm) from our previous work was used along with the excess enthalpy values to determine excess thermodynamic quantities of the surfactants in the mixed system according to Regular Solution Theory (RST) and Motomura's theory. The excess enthalpies for the ZW3-12/12-4-12 were positive in magnitude and rose sharply when small amounts of the zwittergent were distributed into the gemini micelles. The excess enthalpies for the ZW3-12/12-5-12 and the ZW3-12/12-6-12 systems were also >0 kJ mol−1, and as a function of zwittergent composition, were quite different to those of the ZW3-12/12-4-12 mixed micelles. These results indicate that the heat of mixed micelle formation is strongly dependent on electrostatic interactions and the structure of the surfactants involved, specifically, the length of the tether group for the 12-s-12 gemini surfactants. From the calorimetric data and the application of RST and Motomura's theory, we have obtained estimates of the excess Gibbs energy and entropy of mixing. An analysis of the three thermodynamic properties suggests that the relative contributions of enthalpic and entropic effects to nonideal behavior for mixed micelles involving gemini surfactants are strongly dependent on the gemini structure. Excess enthalpies of micelle formation for the ZW3-12/12-s-12 system as a function of the mole fraction of zwittergent (αZW3-12).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleisha McLachlan
- Dept of Chemistry, St. F. X. University Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada +1 902 867 2414 +1 902 867 2324
| | - Kulbir Singh
- Dept of Chemistry, St. F. X. University Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada +1 902 867 2414 +1 902 867 2324.,Sona Nanotech 101 Research Drive Dartmouth NS B2Y 4M9 Canada
| | - Michael McAlduff
- Dept of Chemistry, St. F. X. University Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada +1 902 867 2414 +1 902 867 2324.,Sona Nanotech 101 Research Drive Dartmouth NS B2Y 4M9 Canada
| | - D Gerrard Marangoni
- Dept of Chemistry, St. F. X. University Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada +1 902 867 2414 +1 902 867 2324
| | - Samantha Shortall
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. W. Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada .,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. W. Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Shawn D Wettig
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. W. Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada .,Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo 200 University Ave. W. Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada
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