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Leppert L. Excitons in metal-halide perovskites from first-principles many-body perturbation theory. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:050902. [PMID: 38341699 DOI: 10.1063/5.0187213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-halide perovskites are a structurally, chemically, and electronically diverse class of semiconductors with applications ranging from photovoltaics to radiation detectors and sensors. Understanding neutral electron-hole excitations (excitons) is key for predicting and improving the efficiency of energy-conversion processes in these materials. First-principles calculations have played an important role in this context, allowing for a detailed insight into the formation of excitons in many different types of perovskites. Such calculations have demonstrated that excitons in some perovskites significantly deviate from canonical models due to the chemical and structural heterogeneity of these materials. In this Perspective, I provide an overview of calculations of excitons in metal-halide perovskites using Green's function-based many-body perturbation theory in the GW + Bethe-Salpeter equation approach, the prevalent method for calculating excitons in extended solids. This approach readily considers anisotropic electronic structures and dielectric screening present in many perovskites and important effects, such as spin-orbit coupling. I will show that despite this progress, the complex and diverse electronic structure of these materials and its intricate coupling to pronounced and anharmonic structural dynamics pose challenges that are currently not fully addressed within the GW + Bethe-Salpeter equation approach. I hope that this Perspective serves as an inspiration for further exploring the rich landscape of excitons in metal-halide perovskites and other complex semiconductors and for method development addressing unresolved challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Leppert
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Mączka M, Ptak M, Gągor A, Zaręba JK, Liang X, Balčiu̅nas S, Semenikhin OA, Kucheriv OI, Gural’skiy IA, Shova S, Walsh A, Banys J, Šimėnas M. Phase Transitions, Dielectric Response, and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Aziridinium Lead Halide Perovskites. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:9725-9738. [PMID: 38047186 PMCID: PMC10687860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c02200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites are promising candidates for next-generation solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers. The structural, dynamic, and phase-transition properties play a key role in the performance of these materials. In this work, we use a multitechnique experimental (thermal, X-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, dielectric, nonlinear optical) and theoretical (machine-learning force field) approach to map the phase diagrams and obtain information on molecular dynamics and mechanism of the structural phase transitions in novel 3D AZRPbX3 perovskites (AZR = aziridinium; X = Cl, Br, I). Our work reveals that all perovskites undergo order-disorder phase transitions at low temperatures, which significantly affect the structural, dielectric, phonon, and nonlinear optical properties of these compounds. The desirable cubic phases of AZRPbX3 remain stable at lower temperatures (132, 145, and 162 K for I, Br, and Cl) compared to the methylammonium and formamidinium analogues. Similar to other 3D-connected hybrid perovskites, the dielectric response reveals a rather high dielectric permittivity, an important feature for defect tolerance. We further show that AZRPbBr3 and AZRPbI3 exhibit strong nonlinear optical absorption. The high two-photon brightness of AZRPbI3 emission stands out among lead perovskites emitting in the near-infrared region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Mączka
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Ptak
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Gągor
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jan K. Zaręba
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Xia Liang
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | | | - Oleksandr A. Semenikhin
- Department
of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska St., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Olesia I. Kucheriv
- Department
of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska St., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Il’ya A. Gural’skiy
- Department
of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska St., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Sergiu Shova
- Department
of Inorganic Polymers, Petru Poni Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41-A, Iasi 700487, Romania
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Department
of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Ju̅ras Banys
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mantas Šimėnas
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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