1
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Fei W, Tang SY, Li MB. Luminescent metal nanoclusters and their application in bioimaging. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39359125 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr03111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Owing to their unique optical properties and atomically precise structures, metal nanoclusters (MNCs) constitute a new generation of optical probe materials. This mini-review provides a brief overview of luminescence mechanisms and modulation methods of luminescent metal nanoclusters in recent years. Based on these photophysical phenomena, the applications of cluster-based optical probes in optical bioimaging and related sensing, disease diagnosis, and treatment are summarized. Some challenges are also listed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Fei
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Sheng-Yan Tang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Man-Bo Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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2
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Sharma S, Yadav A, Kaushik K, Salam A, Nandi CK. Assessing the overflowing pile-up effect on the photoluminescence lifetime of nanomaterials. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:16958-16966. [PMID: 39211990 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01916d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The tunable complex emissive states with nanosecond to microsecond lifetimes in nanomaterials, arise due to their structural heterogeneity, enabling them with a wide range of advanced optoelectronic applications. However, understanding the complex photoluminescence lifetime in these nanomaterials is critically challenged by the overflowing pile-up effect, which occurs due to the high repetition rate of the light source in the time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) technique. Here, we provide a quantitative lifetime analysis, especially in metal nanoclusters, metal complexes, and semiconductor quantum dots, which suggests that the same experimental parameters can mislead the lifetime data interpretation for long-ranged luminescent nanomaterials. We demonstrate that the overflowing pile-up effect could be fatal while analyzing the excited state lifetime. Furthermore, we provide the optimized parameters that could be used to get the actual lifetime data of samples. We hope that our findings will be crucial in obtaining the error-free and accurate excited state dynamics of these long-range lifetime nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagun Sharma
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (I.I.T.) Mandi, H.P-175075, India.
| | - Aditya Yadav
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (I.I.T.) Mandi, H.P-175075, India.
| | - Kush Kaushik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (I.I.T.) Mandi, H.P-175075, India.
| | - Abdul Salam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (I.I.T.) Mandi, H.P-175075, India.
| | - Chayan Kanti Nandi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (I.I.T.) Mandi, H.P-175075, India.
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3
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Salam A, Kaushik K, Mukherjee B, Anjum F, Sapkal GT, Sharma S, Garg R, Nandi CK. A zinc metal complex as an NIR emissive probe for real-time dynamics and in vivo embryogenic evolution of lysosomes using super-resolution microscopy. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc04638b. [PMID: 39246364 PMCID: PMC11376271 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc04638b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) based fluorescent metal complexes have gained increasing attention due to their non-toxicity and high brightness with marked fluorescence quantum yield (QY). However, they have rarely been employed in super-resolution microscopy (SRM) to study live cells and in vivo dynamics of lysosomes. Here, we present an NIR emissive highly photostable Zn-complex as a multifaceted fluorescent probe for the long-term dynamical distribution of lysosomes in various cancerous and non-cancerous cells in live condition and in vivo embryogenic evolution in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Apart from the normal fission, fusion, and kiss & run, the motility and the exact location of lysosomes at each point were mapped precisely. A notable difference in the lysosomal motility in the peripheral region between cancerous and non-cancerous cells was distinctly observed. This is attributed to the difference in viscosity of the cytoplasmic environment. On the other hand, along with the super-resolved structure of the smallest size lysosome (∼77 nm) in live C. elegans, the complete in vivo embryogenic evolution of lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles (LROs) was captured. We were able to capture the images of lysosomes and LROs at different stages of C. elegans, starting from a single cell and extending to a fully matured adult animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Salam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
| | - Kush Kaushik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
| | - Bodhidipra Mukherjee
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
| | - Farhan Anjum
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
| | - Goraksha T Sapkal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
| | - Shagun Sharma
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
| | - Richa Garg
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
| | - Chayan Kanti Nandi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi HP-175075 India
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4
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Madhu M, Tseng WB, Chou YS, Krishna Kumar AS, Lu CY, Chang PL, Tseng WL. Peptide-Directed Synthesis of Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement-Active Gold Nanoclusters for Single- and Two-Photon Imaging of Lysosome and Expressed α vβ 3 Integrin Receptors. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9007-9015. [PMID: 38778775 PMCID: PMC11154667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the synthesis and characterization of aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE)-active gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), focusing on their near-infrared luminescence properties and potential applications in biological imaging. These AIEE-active AuNCs were synthesized via the NaBH4-mediated reduction of HAuCl4 in the presence of peptides. We systematically investigated the influence of the peptide sequence on the optical features of the AuNCs, highlighting the role of glutamic acid in enhancing their quantum yield (QY). Among the synthesized peptide-stabilized AuNCs, EECEE-stabilized AuNCs exhibited the maximum QY and a pronounced AIEE effect at pH 5.0, making them suitable for the luminescence imaging of intracellular lysosomes. The AIEE characteristic of the EECEE-stabilized AuNCs was demonstrated through examinations using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential analysis, and single-particle imaging. The formation of the EECEE-stabilized AuNCs was confirmed by size-exclusion chromatography and mass spectrometry. Spectroscopic and electrochemical examinations uncover the formation process of EECEE-stabilized AuNCs, comprising EECEE-mediated reduction, NaBH4-induced nucleation, complex aggregation, and subsequent cluster growth. Furthermore, we demonstrated the utility of these AuNCs as luminescent probes for intracellular lysosomal imaging, leveraging their pH-responsive AIEE behavior. Additionally, cyclic arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD)-modified AIEE dots, derived from cyclic RGD-linked peptide-induced aggregation of EECEE-stabilized AuNCs, were developed for single- and two-photon luminescence imaging of αvβ3 integrin receptor-positive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manivannan Madhu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Bin Tseng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Da-Yeh University. No. 168, University Road, Dacun, Changhua 515006, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiuan Chou
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - A. Santhana Krishna Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Faculty
of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow City, Poland
| | - Chi-Yu Lu
- School
of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan first Road, Sanmin
District, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ling Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lung Tseng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lienhai Rd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- School
of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung
Medical University, No.
100, Shiquan first Rd., 80708 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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5
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Rashi, Kaur V, Devi A, Bain D, Sen T, Patra A. Probing the Fluorescence Intermittency of Bimetallic Nanoclusters using Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10166-10172. [PMID: 37925663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule spectroscopy (SMS) is a unique and competent technique to study molecule dynamics and sense biomolecules precisely. The design of an ultrahigh-stability single fluorophore probe with excellent photostability and long-lived dark transient states for single-molecule fluorescence microscopy is challenging. Here, we found that the photostability of bimetallic AuAg28 nanoclusters is better than monometallic Ag29 nanoclusters. The photon antibunching experiments unveiled exceptional brightness and remarkable photostability with high survival times of up to 218 s with minimal blinking. AuAg28 NCs exhibited longer "on" times and shorter "off" times as compared to Ag29 NCs. The statistical analysis was performed on at least 100 molecules that showed single-step photobleaching and almost a 5-fold enhancement in intensity on Au doping in Ag29 NCs. The distinctive and tunable photophysics of metal NCs can offer huge potential in pushing single-molecule dynamic measurements to be carried out biologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashi
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Vishaldeep Kaur
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Aarti Devi
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Dipankar Bain
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Tapasi Sen
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, India
| | - Amitava Patra
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, India
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
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6
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Garg R, Anjum F, Salam A, Kaushik K, Sharma S, Sahrawat U, Yadav A, Nandi CK. Tracking the super resolved structure of mitochondria using red emissive carbon nanodots as a fluorescent biomarker. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13454-13457. [PMID: 37882736 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03390b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report new red emissive highly photostable and water-soluble carbon nanodots (TPP CNDs) to visualize mitochondrial dynamics using super-resolution radial fluctuations (SRRF) microscopy. The TPP CNDs were synthesized in a one-step method, using 3-(carboxypropyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP) and o-phenylenediamine (OPDA) as precursors. The obtained crystal structure, NMR, and mass data suggested the presence of [3-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)propyl](triphenyl)phosphonium bromide (C28H26N2P+Br-) as a molecular fluorophore (MF) on the surface of the TPP CNDs. The TPP CNDs showed better photostability than the commercially available MitoTracker™ Green and were highly capable for long-term imaging of mitochondrial fission during hyperglycemic conditions and structural changes upon an antidiabetic drug treatment, without altering their fluorescence nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Garg
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, H.P.-175005, India.
| | - Farhan Anjum
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, H.P.-175005, India
| | - Abdul Salam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, H.P.-175005, India.
| | - Kush Kaushik
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, H.P.-175005, India.
| | - Shagun Sharma
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, H.P.-175005, India.
| | - Udisha Sahrawat
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, H.P.-175005, India.
| | - Aditya Yadav
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, H.P.-175005, India.
| | - Chayan Kanti Nandi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mandi, H.P.-175005, India.
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7
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Atulbhai SV, Singhal RK, Basu H, Kailasa SK. Perspectives of different colour-emissive nanomaterials in fluorescent ink, LEDs, cell imaging, and sensing of various analytes. LUMINESCENCE 2023; 38:867-895. [PMID: 35501299 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the past 2 decades, multicolour light-emissive nanomaterials have gained significant interest in chemical and biological sciences because of their unique optical properties. These materials have drawn much attention due to their unique characteristics towards various application fields. The development of novel nanomaterials has become the pinpoint for different application areas. In this review, the recent progress in the area of multicolour-emissive nanomaterials is summarized. The different emissions (white, orange, green, red, blue, and multicolour) of nanostructure materials (metal nanoclusters, quantum dots, carbon dots, and rare earth-based nanomaterials) are briefly discussed. The potential applications of different colour-emissive nanomaterials in the development of fluorescent inks, light-emitting diodes, cell imaging, and sensing devices are briefly summarized. Finally, the future perspectives of multicolour-emissive nanomaterials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhu Vibhuti Atulbhai
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Singhal
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Hirakendu Basu
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Kailasa
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India
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8
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Abstract
Super-resolution imaging techniques that overcome the diffraction limit of light have gained wide popularity for visualizing cellular structures with nanometric resolution. Following the pace of hardware developments, the availability of new fluorescent probes with superior properties is becoming ever more important. In this context, fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted increasing attention as bright and photostable probes that address many shortcomings of traditional fluorescent probes. The use of NPs for super-resolution imaging is a recent development and this provides the focus for the current review. We give an overview of different super-resolution methods and discuss their demands on the properties of fluorescent NPs. We then review in detail the features, strengths, and weaknesses of each NP class to support these applications and provide examples from their utilization in various biological systems. Moreover, we provide an outlook on the future of the field and opportunities in material science for the development of probes for multiplexed subcellular imaging with nanometric resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bingfu Lei
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
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9
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Gold nanomaterials and their potential use as cryo-electron tomography labels. J Struct Biol 2022; 214:107880. [PMID: 35809758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2022.107880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advances in cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) are driving a revolution in cellular structural biology. However, unambiguous identification of specific biomolecules within cellular tomograms remains challenging. Overcoming this obstacle and reliably identifying targets in the crowded cellular environment is of major importance for the understanding of cellular function and is a pre-requisite for high-resolution structural analysis. The use of highly-specific, readily visualised and adjustable labels would help mitigate this issue, improving both data quality and sample throughput. While progress has been made in cryo-CLEM and in the development of cloneable high-density tags, technical issues persist and a robust 'cryo-GFP' remains elusive. Readily-synthesized gold nanomaterials conjugated to small 'affinity modules' may represent a solution. The synthesis of materials including gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is increasingly well understood and is now within the capabilities of non-specialist laboratories. The remarkable chemical and photophysical properties of <3nm diameter nanomaterials and their emergence as tools with widespread biomedical application presents significant opportunities to the cryo-microscopy community. In this review, we will outline developments in the synthesis, functionalisation and labelling uses of both AuNPs and AuNCs in cryo-ET, while discussing their potential as multi-modal probes for cryo-CLEM.
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10
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Li N, Chen L, Luo Z, Nie G, Zhang P, He S, Peng J. Dual-Targeting of Doxorubicin and Chlorine e6 Co-Delivery Based on Small-Size Nanocomposite for the Synergetic Imaging and Therapy. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Pavelka O, Kvakova K, Vesely J, Mizera J, Cigler P, Valenta J. Optically coupled gold nanostructures: plasmon enhanced luminescence from gold nanorod-nanocluster hybrids. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:3166-3178. [PMID: 35142320 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08254j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescent (PL) gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) show many advantages over conventional semiconductor quantum dots, however, their application potential is limited by their relatively low absorption cross-section and quantum yield. Plasmonic enhancement is a common strategy for improving the performance of weak fluorophores, yet in the case of AuNCs this method is still poorly explored. Here a robust synthetic approach to a compact plasmonic nanostructure enhancing significantly the PL of AuNCs is presented. Two gold nanostructures, AuNCs and plasmonic gold nanorods (AuNRs), are assembled in a compact core-shell nanostructure with tunable geometry and optical properties. The unprecedented degree of control over the structural parameters of the nanostructure allows to study the effects of several parameters, such as excitation wavelength, AuNC-AuNR distance, and relative loading of AuNCs per single AuNR. Consequently, a more general method to measure and evaluate enhancement independently of the absolute particle concentrations is introduced. The highest PL intensity enhancement is obtained when the excitation wavelength matches the strong longitudinal plasmonic band of the AuNRs and when the separation distance between AuNCs and AuNRs decreases to 5 nm. The results presented are relevant for the application of AuNCs in optoelectronic devices and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Pavelka
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16, Prague, Czechia.
| | - Klaudia Kvakova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague, Czechia.
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jozef Vesely
- Department of Physics of Materials, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Mizera
- Department of Nuclear Spectroscopy, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 250 68, Rez, Czechia
| | - Petr Cigler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague, Czechia.
| | - Jan Valenta
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16, Prague, Czechia.
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12
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Yang H, Wu Y, Ruan H, Guo F, Liang Y, Qin G, Liu X, Zhang Z, Yuan J, Fang X. Surface-Engineered Gold Nanoclusters for Stimulated Emission Depletion and Correlated Light and Electron Microscopy Imaging. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3056-3064. [PMID: 35142221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy is an emerging super-resolution imaging platform for the study of the cellular structure. Developing suitable fluorescent probes of small size, good photostability, and easy functionalization is still in demand. Herein, we introduce a new type of surface-engineered gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) that are ultrasmall (1.7 nm) and ultrabright (QY = 60%) for STED bioimaging. A rigid shell formed by l-arginine (l-Arg) and 6-aza-2-thiothymine (ATT) on the Au NC surface enables not only its strong fluorescence in aqueous solution but also its easy chemical modification for specific biomolecule labeling. Au NCs show remarkable performance as STED nanoprobes, including high depletion efficiency, good photobleaching resistance, and low saturation intensity. Super-resolution imaging has been achieved with these Au NCs, and targeted nanoscopic imaging of cellular tubulin has been demonstrated. Moreover, the circular structure of lysosomes in live cells has been revealed. As a Au NC is also an ideal probe for electron microscopy, dual imaging of Aβ42 aggregates with the single labeling probe of Au NCs has been realized in correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM). This work reports, for the first time, the application of Au NCs as a novel probe in STED and CLEM imaging. With their excellent properties, Au NCs show promising potential for nanoscale bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yayun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hefei Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Analysis and Testing Center, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuxin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gege Qin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jinghe Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaohong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
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13
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Sun N, Jia Y, Wang C, Xia J, Dai L, Li J. Dopamine-Mediated Biomineralization of Calcium Phosphate as a Strategy to Facilely Synthesize Functionalized Hybrids. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10235-10241. [PMID: 34647744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid materials have been considered to be promising carriers or immobilization matrixes for biomolecules due to their high efficiency and significantly enhanced activities and stabilities of biomolecules. Here, the well-defined dopamine/calcium phosphate organic-inorganic hybrids (DACaPMFs) are fabricated via one-pot dopamine-mediated biomineralization, and their structure and properties are also characterized. Direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) is first used to probe the distribution of organic components in these hybrids. Combined with spectroscopic data, the direct observation of dopamine in the hybrids helps to understand the formation of a physical chemistry mechanism of the biomineralization. The obtained DACaPMFs with multiple-level pores allow the loading of doxorubicin with a high loading efficiency and a pH-responsive property. Furthermore, thrombin is entrapped by the hybrids to prove the controlled release. It is expected that such organic-inorganic hybrid materials may hold great promise for application in drug delivery as well as scaffold materials in bone tissue engineering and hemostatic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chenlei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiarui Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Luru Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Mishra PM, Yadav A, Kaushik K, Jaiswal A, Nandi CK. Super-Resolution Microscopy Revealed the Lysosomal Expansion During Epigallocatechin Gallate-Mediated Apoptosis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:10818-10826. [PMID: 34470217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Direct visualization of the dynamic events in lysosomes during drug-mediated programmed cell death (apoptosis) is a great challenge. This is due to the lack of resolving power of a conventional microscope and also the unavailability of a suitable multimodal probe that simultaneously can carry the drug with high loading capacity and ensure its specific internalization into lysosomes. In this work, using super-resolution microscopy, we observed the lysosomal expansion during apoptosis that was treated with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA). Albumin protein is known to internalize into lysosomes via endocytosis, thus helping in the specific delivery of EGCG to the lysosomal compartment. The conjugation of EGCG to BSA not only helped in increasing the killing efficiency of cancer cells but it also reduces the side effects and produces minimal reactive oxygen species. The decrease in local viscosity helped in lysosomal expansion during apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpendra M Mishra
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh175001, India
- Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India
- BioX Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India
| | - Aditya Yadav
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh175001, India
- Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India
| | - Kush Kaushik
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh175001, India
- Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India
| | - Amit Jaiswal
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh175001, India
- BioX Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India
| | - Chayan K Nandi
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh175001, India
- Advanced Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India
- BioX Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175001, India
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15
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Valenta J, Greben M, Pramanik G, Kvakova K, Cigler P. Reversible photo- and thermal-effects on the luminescence of gold nanoclusters: implications for nanothermometry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11954-11960. [PMID: 34002180 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06467j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of colloidal near-infrared (NIR) emitting gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are thoroughly investigated at variable temperatures and excitation powers. Both absorption and photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectra reveal optical transitions expected from literature models of thiolated AuNCs - with the exception of the lowest energy transition which has the form of a featureless absorption tail partially overlapping with the PL band. The absorption cross section is determined via the PL saturation and PL modulation techniques to be in the range of 2-3 × 10-14 cm2 for excitation at 405 nm (relatively large value for such small clusters) and decreases ∼20 times toward 633 nm. Slow transient quenching (perfectly reversible) of PL is observed when the excitation power exceeds the saturation threshold, i.e. when the probability of achieving the second absorption in an excited AuNC before its relaxation is significant. A stable PL quenched level is reached within a fraction of a minute or a few minutes after the start of the excitation. Similar time intervals are needed for AuNCs to relax back to the original state in the dark. By comparing thermally-induced and light-induced PL decreases and PL kinetics speed up, we conclude that the transient quenching is due to heating caused by the dissipated excitation power. The light-induced PL amplitude reduction is much stronger (up to ∼80% under 405 nm, 60 W cm-2 excitation) than changes in PL decay time (∼20%), which is due to PL blinking and PL switching-off in a fraction of the AuNC ensemble. The potential application of these AuNCs in nanothermometry is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Valenta
- Department of Chemical Physics & Optics, Faculty of Mathematics & Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague 2, Czechia.
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16
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Wang Z, Wang X, Zhang Y, Xu W, Han X. Principles and Applications of Single Particle Tracking in Cell Research. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005133. [PMID: 33533163 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is a tough challenge for many decades to decipher the complex relationships between cell behaviors and cellular physical properties. Single particle tracking (SPT) with high spatial and temporal resolution has been applied extensively in cell research to understand physicochemical properties of cells and their bio-functions by tracking endogenous or exogenous probes. This review describes the fundamental principles of SPT as well as its applications in intracellular mechanics, membrane dynamics, organelles distribution, and processes of internalization and transport. Finally, challenges and future directions of SPT are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xuejing Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150027, China
| | - Weili Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiaojun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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17
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Yadav A, Rao C, Nandi CK. Fluorescent Probes for Super-Resolution Microscopy of Lysosomes. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:26967-26977. [PMID: 33134657 PMCID: PMC7593992 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed small spherical cytoplasmic organelles. Malfunctioning and abnormalities in lysosomes can cause a plethora of neurodegenerative diseases. Consequently, understanding the structural information on lysosomes down to a subnanometer level is essential. Recently, super-resolution imaging techniques enable us to visualize dynamical processes occurring in suborganelle structures inside living cells down to subnanometer accuracy by breaking the diffraction limit. A brighter and highly photostable fluorescent probe is essential for super-resolution microscopy. In this regard, this mini-review deals with the various types of super-resolution techniques and the probes that are used to specifically stain and resolve the structure of the lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Yadav
- School
of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology
Mandi, Mandi 175075, H.P., India
- Advanced
Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute
of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, H.P., India
| | - Chethana Rao
- School
of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology
Mandi, Mandi 175075, H.P., India
- Advanced
Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute
of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, H.P., India
| | - Chayan K. Nandi
- School
of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology
Mandi, Mandi 175075, H.P., India
- BioX
Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, H.P., India
- Advanced
Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute
of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175075, H.P., India
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