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Deng YX, Chen SZ, Hong J, Jia PZ, Zhang Y, Yu X, Chen KQ. Perfect spin-filtering effect in molecular junctions based on half-metallic penta-hexa-graphene nanoribbons. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:285302. [PMID: 35477168 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac6b0a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The design and control of spintronic devices is a research hotspot in the field of electronics, and pure carbon-based materials provide new opportunities for the construction of electronic devices with excellent performance. Using density functional theory in combination with nonequilibrium Green's functions method, we design spin filter devices based on Penta-hexa-graphene (PHG) nanoribbons-a carbon nanomaterial in which the intrinsic magnetic moments combines with edge effects leading to a half-metallic property. Spin-resolved electronic transport studies show that such carbon-based devices can achieve nearly 100% spin filtering effect at low bias voltages. Such SEF can resist the influence of hydrogen passivation at different positions, but hardly survive under a hydrogen-rich environment. Our analysis show that the perfect SEF transport properties are caused by the magnetic and electronic properties of PHG nanoribbons, especially the magnetic moments on the quasi-sp3carbons. These interesting results indicate that PHG nanomaterials have very prominent application prospects in future spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Xiang Deng
- School of Science, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Zhang Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, College of Electronics Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Hong
- School of Electrical Information Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin-Zhen Jia
- School of Science, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Science, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Yu
- School of Electrical Information Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Qiu Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
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2
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Gish JT, Lebedev D, Stanev TK, Jiang S, Georgopoulos L, Song TW, Lim G, Garvey ES, Valdman L, Balogun O, Sofer Z, Sangwan VK, Stern NP, Hersam MC. Ambient-Stable Two-Dimensional CrI 3 via Organic-Inorganic Encapsulation. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10659-10667. [PMID: 34101433 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transitional metal halides have recently attracted significant attention due to their thickness-dependent and electrostatically tunable magnetic properties. However, this class of materials is highly reactive chemically, which leads to irreversible degradation and catastrophic dissolution within seconds in ambient conditions, severely limiting subsequent characterization, processing, and applications. Here, we impart long-term ambient stability to the prototypical transition metal halide CrI3 by assembling a noncovalent organic buffer layer, perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), which templates subsequent atomic layer deposition (ALD) of alumina. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrates the necessity of the noncovalent organic buffer layer since the CrI3 undergoes deleterious surface reactions with the ALD precursors in the absence of PTCDA. This organic-inorganic encapsulation scheme preserves the long-range magnetic ordering in CrI3 down to the monolayer limit as confirmed by magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements. Furthermore, we demonstrate field-effect transistors, photodetectors, and optothermal measurements of CrI3 thermal conductivity in ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tyler Gish
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dmitry Lebedev
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Teodor K Stanev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shizhou Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Leonidas Georgopoulos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas W Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gilhwan Lim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ethan S Garvey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lukáš Valdman
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Oluwaseyi Balogun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vinod K Sangwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathaniel P Stern
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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3
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Yang G, Wang R, Ge M, Guo M, Wang J, Ma R, Zhang J, West D, Zhang S. Switchable electronic and enhanced magnetic properties of CrI 3 edges. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10518-10523. [PMID: 33899853 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06155g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its novel electronic and magnetic properties, two-dimensional CrI3 has great potential in the application of spintronic devices. However, as an inevitable line defect, the properties of the edges of CrI3 remain elusive. Here, via first-principles calculations with spin-orbit coupling, we investigated the thermodynamic stabilities, electronic and magnetic properties of thirteen CrI3 edges with different structures. We showed that zigzag edges are more stable than armchair edges, and a CrI3 nanoribbon can be either metallic or insulating depending on its chemical growth conditions. The edge stability and associated electronic properties can be understood in terms of the octahedron ligand field and electron counting model. In most cases, both the magnetic moment and Curie temperature can be enhanced by edges, which are in startle contrast to the surfaces of three-dimensional ferromagnetic materials, where a magnetic dead layer is often observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Yang
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041004, China.
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4
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Gong L, Zhang C, Nie A, Lin C, Zhang H, Gao C, Wang M, Zhang X, Han N, Su H, Lin C, Jin Y, Zhang C, Zhang X, Dai JF, Cheng Y, Huang W. Epitaxial growth of large-grain-size ferromagnetic monolayer CrI 3 for valley Zeeman splitting enhancement. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:2955-2962. [PMID: 33506851 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic CrI3 has received considerable research attention because of its intrinsic features, including insulation, Ising ferromagnetism, and stacking-order-dependent magnetism, as well as potential in spintronic applications. However, the current strategy for the production of ambient-unstable CrI3 thin layer is limited to mechanical exfoliation, which normally suffers from uncontrollable layer thickness, small size, and low yet unpredictable yield. Here, via a confined vapor epitaxy (CVE) method, we demonstrate the mass production of flower-like CrI3 monolayers on mica. Interestingly, we discovered the crucial role of K ions on the mica surface in determining the morphology of monolayer CrI3, reacting with precursors to form a KIx buffer layer. Meanwhile, the transport agent affects the thickness and size of the as-grown CrI3. Moreover, the Curie temperature of CrI3 is greatly affected by the interaction between CrI3 and the substrate. The monolayer CrI3 on mica could act as a magnetic substrate for valley Zeeman splitting enhancement of WSe2. We reckon our work represents a major advancement in the mass production of monolayer 2D CrI3 and anticipate that our growth strategy may be extended to other transition metal halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
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