1
|
Singh M, Sharma HM, Gupta RK, Kumar A. Recent advancements and prospects in noble and non-noble electrocatalysts for materials methanol oxidation reactions. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:128. [PMID: 39143373 PMCID: PMC11324629 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) represents a highly promising alternative power source for small electronics and automobiles due to its low operating temperatures, high efficiency, and energy density. The methanol oxidation process (MOR) constitutes a fundamental chemical reaction occurring at the positive electrode of a DMFC. Pt-based materials serve as widely utilized MOR electrocatalysts in DMFCs. Nevertheless, various challenges, such as sluggish reaction rates, high production costs primarily attributed to the expensive Pt-based catalyst, and the adverse effects of CO poisoning on the Pt catalysts, hinder the commercialization of DMFCs. Consequently, endeavors to identify an alternative catalyst to Pt-based catalysts that mitigate these drawbacks represent a critical focal point of DMFC research. In pursuit of this objective, researchers have developed diverse classes of MOR electrocatalysts, encompassing those derived from noble and non-noble metals. This review paper delves into the fundamental concept of MOR and its operational mechanisms, as well as the latest advancements in electrocatalysts derived from noble and non-noble metals, such as single-atom and molecule catalysts. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of the constraints and prospects of MOR electrocatalysts, encompassing those based on noble metals and those based on non-noble metals, has been undertaken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Singh
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura-281406, India
| | | | - Ram K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS, 66762, USA.
- National Institute of Material Advancement, Pittsburg, KS, 66762, USA.
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura-281406, India.
- National Institute of Material Advancement, Pittsburg, KS, 66762, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin F, Li M, Zeng L, Luo M, Guo S. Intermetallic Nanocrystals for Fuel-Cells-Based Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12507-12593. [PMID: 37910391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis underpins the renewable electrochemical conversions for sustainability, which further replies on metallic nanocrystals as vital electrocatalysts. Intermetallic nanocrystals have been known to show distinct properties compared to their disordered counterparts, and been long explored for functional improvements. Tremendous progresses have been made in the past few years, with notable trend of more precise engineering down to an atomic level and the investigation transferring into more practical membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which motivates this timely review. After addressing the basic thermodynamic and kinetic fundamentals, we discuss classic and latest synthetic strategies that enable not only the formation of intermetallic phase but also the rational control of other catalysis-determinant structural parameters, such as size and morphology. We also demonstrate the emerging intermetallic nanomaterials for potentially further advancement in energy electrocatalysis. Then, we discuss the state-of-the-art characterizations and representative intermetallic electrocatalysts with emphasis on oxygen reduction reaction evaluated in a MEA setup. We summarize this review by laying out existing challenges and offering perspective on future research directions toward practicing intermetallic electrocatalysts for energy conversions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangxu Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Menggang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lingyou Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingchuan Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu R, Yu R, Yin K, Zhang S, Chung-Yen Jung J, Zhao Y, Li M, Xia Z, Zhang J. Integration of multiple advantages into one catalyst: non-CO pathway of methanol oxidation electrocatalysis on surface Ir-modulated PtFeIr jagged nanowires. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 640:348-358. [PMID: 36867931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Developing highly active methanol oxidation electrocatalysts with superior anti-CO poisoning capability remains a grand challenge. Herein, a simple strategy was employed to prepare distinctive PtFeIr jagged nanowires with Ir located at the shell and Pt/Fe located at the core. The Pt64Fe20Ir16 jagged nanowire possesses an optimal mass activity of 2.13 A mgPt-1 and specific activity of 4.25 mA cm-2, giving the catalyst a great edge over PtFe jagged nanowire (1.63 A mgPt-1 and 3.75 mA cm-2) and Pt/C (0.38 A mgPt-1 and 0.76 mA cm-2). The in-situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) unravel the origin of extraordinary CO tolerance in terms of key reaction intermediates in the non-CO pathway. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations add to the body of evidence that the surface Ir incorporation transforms the selectivity from CO pathway to non-CO pathway. Meanwhile, the presence of Ir serves to optimize surface electronic structure with weakened CO binding strength. We believe this work will advance the understanding of methanol oxidation catalytic mechanism and provide some insight into structural design of efficient electrocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongying Zhu
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Renqin Yu
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Kun Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Joey Chung-Yen Jung
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Menggang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Zhonghong Xia
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jiujun Zhang
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang J, Zhang B, Guo W, Wang L, Chen J, Pan H, Sun W. Toward Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation Reaction: Longstanding Debates and Emerging Catalysts. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2211099. [PMID: 36706444 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The study of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) has lasted around 70 years, since the first investigation in the early 1950s. Though enormous effort has been devoted in this field, it is still far from commercialization. The methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), as a semi-reaction of DMFCs, is the bottleneck reaction that restricts the overall performance of DMFCs. To date, there has been intense debate on the complex six-electron reaction, but barely any reviews have systematically discussed this topic. To this end, the controversies and progress regarding the electrocatalytic mechanisms, performance evaluations as well as the design science toward MOR electrocatalysts are summarized. This review also provides a comprehensive introduction on the recent development of emerging MOR electrocatalysts with a focus on the innovation of the alloy, core-shell structure, heterostructure, and single-atom catalysts. Finally, perspectives on the future outlook toward study of the mechanisms and design of electrocatalysts are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Bingxing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Hongge Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Wenping Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|