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Sahu RR, Ramasamy AS, Bhonsle S, Vailshery M, S A, Kumar H, Das Gupta T. Single-step fabrication of liquid gallium nanoparticles via capillary interaction for dynamic structural colours. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:766-774. [PMID: 38388966 PMCID: PMC11186779 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Incorporating structural coloured materials in flexible and stretchable elastomeric substrates requires numerous steps that compromise their scalability and economic viability for prospective applications in visual sensors and displays. Here we describe a one-step approach for fabricating plasmonic Ga nanostructures embedded in a polydimethylsiloxane substrate exhibiting tunable chromaticity, in response to mechanical stimuli. The process exploits the capillary interactions between uncrosslinked oligomeric chains of the substrate and Ga metal deposited by thermal evaporation, as elucidated by a theoretical model that we developed. By tuning the oligomer content in polydimethylsiloxane, we attain a range of colours covering a substantial gamut in CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage) coordinates. This mechanochromic flexible substrate shows reversible response to external mechanical stimuli for ~80,000 cycles. We showcase the capabilities of our processing technique by presenting prototypes of reflective displays and sensors for monitoring body parts, smart bandages and the capacity of the nanostructured film to map force in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Raman Sahu
- Laboratory of Advanced Nanostructures for Photonics and Electronics, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Alwar Samy Ramasamy
- Laboratory of Advanced Nanostructures for Photonics and Electronics, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Santosh Bhonsle
- Laboratory of Advanced Nanostructures for Photonics and Electronics, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mark Vailshery
- Laboratory of Advanced Nanostructures for Photonics and Electronics, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Archana S
- Advanced Facility for Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Advanced Facility for Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Tapajyoti Das Gupta
- Laboratory of Advanced Nanostructures for Photonics and Electronics, Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India.
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Banswar D, Sahu RR, Srivatsava R, Hassan MS, Singh S, Sapra S, Das Gupta T, Goswami A, Balasubramanian K. On the unique temperature-dependent interplay of a B-exciton and its trion in monolayer MoSe 2. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2632-2641. [PMID: 38227478 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05677e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonics in metal nanoparticles can enhance their near field optical interaction with matter, promoting emission into selected optical modes. Here, using Ga nanoparticles with carefully tuned plasmonic resonance in proximity to MoSe2 monolayers, we show selective photoluminescence enhancement from the B-exciton and its trion with no observable A-exciton emission. The nanoengineered substrate allows for the first direct experimental observation of the B-trion binding energy in semiconducting monolayers. Using temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements, we show the following features of the MoSe2 B-exciton family: (i) the trion binding energy has an observable temperature dependence with a decreasing trend towards low temperatures and (ii) the exciton-trion emission ratio varies non-monotonically with temperature with a steep increase in the trion emission at lower temperatures. Using detailed models, we identify the particle size required for selective excitation and describe the underlying physical processes. This opens newer avenues for selectively promoting excitonic species and tuning the effective particle lifetimes in monolayer semiconductors. These results demonstrate the excellent plasmonic properties of Ga nanoparticles, which along with facile processing techniques makes it an attractive alternative to the prevalent noble metal plasmonics having applications in flexible/stretchable materials and textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Banswar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
| | - Renu Raman Sahu
- Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Rupali Srivatsava
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
| | - Md Samim Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Sahil Singh
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Sapra
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Tapajyoti Das Gupta
- Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Ankur Goswami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
| | - Krishna Balasubramanian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.
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Flores N, Centurion F, Zheng J, Baharfar M, Kilani M, Ghasemian MB, Allioux FM, Tang J, Tang J, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Rahim MA. Polyphenol-Mediated Liquid Metal Composite Architecture for Solar Thermoelectric Generation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308346. [PMID: 37924272 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of advanced solar energy technologies, which efficiently convert solar energy to heat and then to electricity, remains a significant challenge in the pursuit of clean energy production. Here, this challenge is addressed by designing a photothermal absorber composed of liquid gallium particles and a natural polyphenol-based coordination ink. The design of this composite takes advantage of the tuneable light absorption properties of the polyphenol inks and can also be applied onto flexible substrates. While the ink utilizes two types of coordination complexes to absorb light at different wavelengths, the liquid gallium particles with high thermal and electrical properties provide enhanced thermoelectric effect. As such, the photothermal composite exhibits a broad-spectrum light absorption and highly efficient solar-to-heat conversion. A thermoelectric generator coated with the photothermal composite exhibits an impressive voltage output of ≈185.3 mV when exposed to 1 Sun illumination, without requiring any optical concentration, which sets a new record for a power density at 345.5 µW cm-2 . This work showcases the synergistic combination of natural compound-based light-absorbing coordination complexes with liquid metals to achieve a strong photothermal effect and their integration into thermoelectric devices with powerful light harvesting capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Flores
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Franco Centurion
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Jiewei Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Mahroo Baharfar
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Mohamed Kilani
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammad B Ghasemian
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Francois-Marie Allioux
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Jianbo Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Junma Tang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Md Arifur Rahim
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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