1
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Bañuelos JL, Borguet E, Brown GE, Cygan RT, DeYoreo JJ, Dove PM, Gaigeot MP, Geiger FM, Gibbs JM, Grassian VH, Ilgen AG, Jun YS, Kabengi N, Katz L, Kubicki JD, Lützenkirchen J, Putnis CV, Remsing RC, Rosso KM, Rother G, Sulpizi M, Villalobos M, Zhang H. Oxide- and Silicate-Water Interfaces and Their Roles in Technology and the Environment. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6413-6544. [PMID: 37186959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial reactions drive all elemental cycling on Earth and play pivotal roles in human activities such as agriculture, water purification, energy production and storage, environmental contaminant remediation, and nuclear waste repository management. The onset of the 21st century marked the beginning of a more detailed understanding of mineral aqueous interfaces enabled by advances in techniques that use tunable high-flux focused ultrafast laser and X-ray sources to provide near-atomic measurement resolution, as well as by nanofabrication approaches that enable transmission electron microscopy in a liquid cell. This leap into atomic- and nanometer-scale measurements has uncovered scale-dependent phenomena whose reaction thermodynamics, kinetics, and pathways deviate from previous observations made on larger systems. A second key advance is new experimental evidence for what scientists hypothesized but could not test previously, namely, interfacial chemical reactions are frequently driven by "anomalies" or "non-idealities" such as defects, nanoconfinement, and other nontypical chemical structures. Third, progress in computational chemistry has yielded new insights that allow a move beyond simple schematics, leading to a molecular model of these complex interfaces. In combination with surface-sensitive measurements, we have gained knowledge of the interfacial structure and dynamics, including the underlying solid surface and the immediately adjacent water and aqueous ions, enabling a better definition of what constitutes the oxide- and silicate-water interfaces. This critical review discusses how science progresses from understanding ideal solid-water interfaces to more realistic systems, focusing on accomplishments in the last 20 years and identifying challenges and future opportunities for the community to address. We anticipate that the next 20 years will focus on understanding and predicting dynamic transient and reactive structures over greater spatial and temporal ranges as well as systems of greater structural and chemical complexity. Closer collaborations of theoretical and experimental experts across disciplines will continue to be critical to achieving this great aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Leobardo Bañuelos
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Eric Borguet
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Gordon E Brown
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, The Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Randall T Cygan
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - James J DeYoreo
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Patricia M Dove
- Department of Geosciences, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Marie-Pierre Gaigeot
- Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, CNRS, LAMBE UMR8587, 91025 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Franz M Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Julianne M Gibbs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2Canada
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Anastasia G Ilgen
- Geochemistry Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Young-Shin Jun
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Nadine Kabengi
- Department of Geosciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Lynn Katz
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - James D Kubicki
- Department of Earth, Environmental & Resource Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Johannes Lützenkirchen
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung─INE, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Christine V Putnis
- Institute for Mineralogy, University of Münster, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Richard C Remsing
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Gernot Rother
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Marialore Sulpizi
- Department of Physics, Ruhr Universität Bochum, NB6, 65, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mario Villalobos
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y del Suelo, LANGEM, Instituto De Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Huichun Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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2
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Doležal J, Canola S, Hapala P, de Campos Ferreira RC, Merino P, Švec M. Evidence of exciton-libron coupling in chirally adsorbed single molecules. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6008. [PMID: 36224183 PMCID: PMC9556530 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interplay between motion of nuclei and excitations has an important role in molecular photophysics of natural and artificial structures. Here we provide a detailed analysis of coupling between quantized librational modes (librons) and charged excited states (trions) on single phthalocyanine dyes adsorbed on a surface. By means of tip-induced electroluminescence performed with a scanning probe microscope, we identify libronic signatures in spectra of chirally adsorbed phthalocyanines and find that these signatures are absent from spectra of symmetrically adsorbed species. We create a model of the libronic coupling based on the Franck-Condon principle to simulate the spectral features. Experimentally measured librational spectra match very well the theoretically calculated librational eigenenergies and peak intensities (Franck-Condon factors). Moreover, the comparison reveals an unexpected depopulation channel for the zero libron of the excited state that can be effectively controlled by tuning the size of the nanocavity. Our results showcase the possibility of characterizing the dynamics of molecules by their low-energy molecular modes using µeV-resolved tip-enhanced spectroscopy. Vibronic coupling in molecules plays an essential role in photophysics. Here, the authors observe optical fingerprints of the coupling between librational states and charged excited states in a single phthalocyanine molecule chirally absorbed on a surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Doležal
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ16200, Praha 6, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, CZ12116, Praha 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Sofia Canola
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ16200, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Prokop Hapala
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ16200, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | | | - Pablo Merino
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, E08193, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid; CSIC, E28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Švec
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ16200, Praha 6, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ16000, Praha 6, Czech Republic.
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3
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Brown SE, Shakib FA. Recent progress in approximate quantum dynamics methods for the study of proton-coupled electron transfer reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2535-2556. [PMID: 33367437 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05166g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions are ubiquitous natural processes at the heart of energy conversion reactions in photosynthesis and respiration, DNA repair, and diverse enzymatic reactions. Theoretical formulation and computational method developments have eyed modeling of thermal and photoinduced PCET for the last three decades. The accumulation of these studies, collected in dozens of reviews, accounts, and perspectives, has firmly established the influence of quantum effects, including non-adiabatic electronic transitions, vibrational relaxation, zero-point energy, and proton tunneling, on the rate and mechanism of PCET reactions. Here, we focus on some recently-developed methods, spanning the last eight years, that can quantitatively capture these effects in the PCET context and provide efficient means for their qualitative description in complex systems. The theoretical background of each method and their accuracy with respect to exact results are discussed and the results of relevant PCET simulations based on each method are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Farnaz A Shakib
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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4
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Yamijala SSRKC, Huo P. Direct Nonadiabatic Simulations of the Photoinduced Charge Transfer Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:628-635. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharma S. R. K. C. Yamijala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pengfei Huo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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5
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Nelson TR, White AJ, Bjorgaard JA, Sifain AE, Zhang Y, Nebgen B, Fernandez-Alberti S, Mozyrsky D, Roitberg AE, Tretiak S. Non-adiabatic Excited-State Molecular Dynamics: Theory and Applications for Modeling Photophysics in Extended Molecular Materials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2215-2287. [PMID: 32040312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Optically active molecular materials, such as organic conjugated polymers and biological systems, are characterized by strong coupling between electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom. Typically, simulations must go beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation to account for non-adiabatic coupling between excited states. Indeed, non-adiabatic dynamics is commonly associated with exciton dynamics and photophysics involving charge and energy transfer, as well as exciton dissociation and charge recombination. Understanding the photoinduced dynamics in such materials is vital to providing an accurate description of exciton formation, evolution, and decay. This interdisciplinary field has matured significantly over the past decades. Formulation of new theoretical frameworks, development of more efficient and accurate computational algorithms, and evolution of high-performance computer hardware has extended these simulations to very large molecular systems with hundreds of atoms, including numerous studies of organic semiconductors and biomolecules. In this Review, we will describe recent theoretical advances including treatment of electronic decoherence in surface-hopping methods, the role of solvent effects, trivial unavoided crossings, analysis of data based on transition densities, and efficient computational implementations of these numerical methods. We also emphasize newly developed semiclassical approaches, based on the Gaussian approximation, which retain phase and width information to account for significant decoherence and interference effects while maintaining the high efficiency of surface-hopping approaches. The above developments have been employed to successfully describe photophysics in a variety of molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammie R Nelson
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Alexander J White
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Josiah A Bjorgaard
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Andrew E Sifain
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States.,U.S. Army Research Laboratory , Aberdeen Proving Ground , Maryland 21005 , United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Benjamin Nebgen
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | | | - Dmitry Mozyrsky
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Adrian E Roitberg
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
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6
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Xie X, Liu ZH, Bai FQ, Zhang HX. Performance Regulation of Thieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene π-Spacer-Based D-π-A Organic Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Applications: Insights From Computational Study. Front Chem 2019; 6:676. [PMID: 30761288 PMCID: PMC6361735 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been widely investigated; however, the development of promising dye sensitizers is still appealing. In this work, we perform a detailed theoretical search for high-efficiency D-π-A organic dyes using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory calculations. Specifically, we perform geometric optimization, and electronic structure and absorption spectra calculations for isolated dyes for two thieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene π-spacer-based D-π-A organic dyes SGT129 and SGT130, which show significant efficiency difference, before and after binding to a TiO2 semiconductor. The calculation results reveal that the coplanar configuration between the electron donor and the π-spacer can enhance electronic communication efficiently, thus facilitating intra-molecular charge transfer from the electron donor to the acceptor groups in SGT130. The absorption spectrum of SGT130 broadens and is red-shifted owing to the decreased bandgap. The higher light-harvesting efficiency, favorable intra-molecular charge transfer, larger shift of the conduction band edge in the TiO2 semiconductor, and slower charge recombination between the injected electrons in the TiO2 conduction band and the electrolyte explain the superior efficiency of SGT130 over that of SGT129. Using SGT130 as the reference dye, we further design four novel dyes 1-4 by modifying the π-spacer with electron-rich and electron-withdrawing moieties. Judging from the theoretical parameters influencing the short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage, we found that all dyes would perform better than SGT130 in terms of the favorable interfacial charge transfer (ICT) and light-harvesting efficiency, as well as the larger shift of the TiO2 conduction band edge. Our theoretical research is expected to provide valuable insights into the molecular modification of TBT-based D-π-A organic dyes for DSSC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin Xie
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Chemical Technology, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, China
| | - Zhi-Hai Liu
- School of Opto-Electronic Information Science and Technology, Yantai University, Shandong, China
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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7
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Torres A, Prado LR, Bortolini G, Rego LGC. Charge Transfer Driven Structural Relaxation in a Push-Pull Azobenzene Dye-Semiconductor Complex. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5926-5933. [PMID: 30257563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoexcited structural dynamics in azo-compounds may differ fundamentally whether the push-pull photochromic azo-compound is isolated or forms a heterogeneous charge transfer complex, due to a sudden oxidation of the chromophore. Herein, we use a quantum-classical self-consistent approach that incorporates nonadiabatic excited-state electronic quantum dynamics into molecular mechanics to study the photoexcited dynamics of the push-pull azo-compound para-Methyl Red in the gas phase and sensitizing the (101) anatase surface of TiO2. We find that the photoinduced S2/S0 trans-to- cis isomerization of para-Methyl Red in the gas phase occurs through a pedal-like torsion around the ϕCNNC dihedral angle, without evidence to support the inversion mechanism, likewise in the parent azobenzene molecule. However, the photoexcited structural relaxation of the charge transfer complex para-Methyl Red/TiO2 contrasts essentially with the isolated azo-compounds. Immediately after photoexcitation, the excited electron flows into the TiO2 conduction band, with an injection time constant of ≃5 fs, and no indication of isomerization is observed during the 1.5 ps simulations. Instead, a strong vibronic relaxation occurs that excites the NN stretching mode of the azo-group, which is ultimately ascribed to the NA relaxation, and delocalization, of the hole wavepacket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Torres
- Department of Physics , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC 88040-900 , Brazil
| | - Luciano R Prado
- Department of Physics , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC 88040-900 , Brazil
| | - Graziele Bortolini
- Department of Physics , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC 88040-900 , Brazil
| | - Luis G C Rego
- Department of Physics , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , SC 88040-900 , Brazil
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8
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Lu TF, Li W, Chen J, Tang J, Bai FQ, Zhang HX. Promising pyridinium ylide based anchors towards high-efficiency dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells applications: Insights from theoretical investigations. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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Sifain AE, Bjorgaard JA, Nelson TR, Nebgen BT, White AJ, Gifford BJ, Gao DW, Prezhdo OV, Fernandez-Alberti S, Roitberg AE, Tretiak S. Photoexcited Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Solvated Push–Pull π-Conjugated Oligomers with the NEXMD Software. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:3955-3966. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Brendan J. Gifford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - David W. Gao
- Los Alamos High School, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States
| | | | | | - Adrian E. Roitberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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10
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Abraham B, Fan H, Galoppini E, Gundlach L. Vibrational Spectroscopy on Photoexcited Dye-Sensitized Films via Pump-Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2039-2045. [PMID: 29381068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Molecular sensitization of semiconductor films is an important technology for energy and environmental applications including solar energy conversion, photocatalytic hydrogen production, and water purification. Dye-sensitized films are also scientifically complex and interesting systems with a long history of research. In most applications, photoinduced heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) at the molecule/semiconductor interface is of critical importance, and while great progress has been made in understanding HET, many open questions remain. Of particular interest is the role of combined electronic and vibrational effects and coherence of the dye during HET. The ultrafast nature of the process, the rapid intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution, and vibrational cooling present complications in the study of vibronic coupling in HET. We present the application of a time domain vibrational spectroscopy-pump-degenerate four-wave mixing (pump-DFWM)-to dye-sensitized solid-state semiconductor films. Pump-DFWM can measure Raman-active vibrational modes that are triggered by excitation of the sample with an actinic pump pulse. Modifications to the instrument for solid-state samples and its application to an anatase TiO2 film sensitized by a Zn-porphyrin dye are discussed. We show an effective combination of experimental techniques to overcome typical challenges in measuring solid-state samples with laser spectroscopy and observe molecular vibrations following HET in a picosecond time window. The cation spectrum of the dye shows modes that can be assigned to the linker group and a mode that is localized on the Zn-phorphyrin chromophore and that is connected to photoexcitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baxter Abraham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Hao Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Elena Galoppini
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Lars Gundlach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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11
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Mandal A, Yamijala SSRKC, Huo P. Quasi-Diabatic Representation for Nonadiabatic Dynamics Propagation. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:1828-1840. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arkajit Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Sharma SRKC Yamijala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Pengfei Huo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 120 Trustee Road, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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12
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Mukherjee S, Liu C, Jakubikova E. Comparison of Interfacial Electron Transfer Efficiency in [Fe(ctpy)2]2+–TiO2 and [Fe(cCNC)2]2+–TiO2 Assemblies: Importance of Conformational Sampling. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1821-1830. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sriparna Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Elena Jakubikova
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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13
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Sato K, Pradhan E, Asahi R, Akimov AV. Charge transfer dynamics at the boron subphthalocyanine chloride/C60 interface: non-adiabatic dynamics study with Libra-X. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25275-25294. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03841d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Libra-X software for non-adiabatic molecular dynamics is reported. It is used to comprehensively study the charge transfer dynamics at the boron subphtalocyanine chloride (SubPc)/fullerene (C60) interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Sato
- Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc
- Nagakute
- Japan
| | - Ekadashi Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Buffalo
- The State University of New York
- New York 14260-3000
- USA
| | - Ryoji Asahi
- Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc
- Nagakute
- Japan
| | - Alexey V. Akimov
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Buffalo
- The State University of New York
- New York 14260-3000
- USA
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14
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Sachtleben K, Mazon KT, Rego LGC. Superconducting Qubits as Mechanical Quantum Engines. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:090601. [PMID: 28949578 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.090601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We propose the equivalence of superconducting qubits with a pistonlike mechanical quantum engine. The work reports a study on the nature of the nonequilibrium work exchanged with the quantum-nonadiabatic working medium, which is modeled as a multilevel coupled quantum well system subject to an external control parameter. The quantum dynamics is solved for arbitrary control protocols. It is shown that the work output has two components: one that depends instantaneously on the level populations and another that is due to the quantum coherences built in the system. The nonadiabatic coherent dynamics of the quantum engine gives rise to a resistance (friction) force that decreases the work output. We consider the functional equivalence of such a device and a rf-SQUID flux qubit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewin Sachtleben
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Kahio T Mazon
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luis G C Rego
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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15
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Ghosh S, Andersen A, Gagliardi L, Cramer CJ, Govind N. Modeling Optical Spectra of Large Organic Systems Using Real-Time Propagation of Semiempirical Effective Hamiltonians. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:4410-4420. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Ghosh
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Amity Andersen
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99338, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Christopher J. Cramer
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99338, United States
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16
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Liu C, Jakubikova E. Two-step model for ultrafast interfacial electron transfer: limitations of Fermi's golden rule revealed by quantum dynamics simulations. Chem Sci 2017; 8:5979-5991. [PMID: 28989628 PMCID: PMC5621017 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01169e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interfacial electron transfer (IET) is one of the crucial steps in the light-harvesting process that occurs in various assemblies for solar energy conversion, such as dye-sensitized solar cells or dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells. Computational studies of IET in dye-semiconductor assemblies employ a variety of approaches, ranging from phenomenological models such as Fermi's golden rule to more complex methods relying on explicit solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. This work investigates IET in a model pyridine-TiO2 assembly, with the goals of assessing the validity of Fermi's golden rule for calculation of the IET rates, understanding the importance of conformational sampling in modeling the IET process, and establishing an approach to rapid computational screening of dye-sensitizers that undergo fast IET into the semiconductor. Our results suggest that IET is a two-step process, in which the electron is first transferred into the semiconductor surface states, followed by diffusion of the electron into the nanoparticle bulk states. Furthermore, while Fermi's golden rule and related approaches are appropriate for predicting the initial IET rate (i.e., the initial transfer of an electron from the dye into the semiconductor surface states), they are not reliable for prediction of the overall IET rate. The inclusion of conformational sampling at room temperature into the model offers a more complete picture of the IET process, leading to a distribution of IET rates with a median rate faster than the IET rate obtained for the fully-optimized structure at 0 K. Finally, the two most important criteria for determination of the initial IET rate are the percentage of electron density on the linker in the excited state as well as the number of semiconductor acceptor states available at the energy of the excited state. Both of these can be obtained from relatively simple electronic structure calculations at either ab initio or semiempirical levels of theory and can thus be used for rapid screening of dyes with the desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , USA .
| | - Elena Jakubikova
- Department of Chemistry , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695 , USA .
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Pal S, Nijjar P, Frauenheim T, Prezhdo OV. Atomistic Analysis of Room Temperature Quantum Coherence in Two-Dimensional CdSe Nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:2389-2396. [PMID: 28234486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b05368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent experiments on CdSe nanoplatelets synthesized with precisely controlled thickness that eliminates ensemble disorder have allowed accurate measurement of quantum coherence at room temperature. Matching exactly the CdSe cores of the experimentally studied particles and considering several defects, we establish the atomistic origins of the loss of coherence between heavy and light hole excitations in two-dimensional CdSe and CdSe/CdZnS core/shell structures. The coherence times obtained using molecular dynamics based on tight-binding density functional theory are in excellent agreement with the measured values. We show that a long coherence time is a consequence of both small fluctuations in the energy gap between the excited state pair, which is much less than thermal energy, and a slow decay of correlation between the energies of the two states. Anionic defects at the core/shell interface have little effect on the coherence lifetime, while cationic defects strongly perturb the electronic structure, destroying the experimentally observed coherence. By coupling to the same phonon modes, the heavy and light holes synchronize their energy fluctuations, facilitating long-lived coherence. We further demonstrate that the electronic excitations are localized close to the surface of these narrow nanoscale systems, and therefore, they couple most strongly to surface acoustic phonons. The established features of electron-phonon coupling and the influence of defects, surfaces, and core/shell interfaces provide important insights into quantum coherence in nanoscale materials in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sougata Pal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Parmeet Nijjar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Thomas Frauenheim
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, Universität Bremen , Otto-Hahn-Alle 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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18
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Akimov AV. Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics with Tight-Binding Fragment Molecular Orbitals. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:5719-5736. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Akimov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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19
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Chu W, Saidi WA, Zheng Q, Xie Y, Lan Z, Prezhdo OV, Petek H, Zhao J. Ultrafast Dynamics of Photongenerated Holes at a CH3OH/TiO2 Rutile Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13740-13749. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wissam A. Saidi
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | | | - Yu Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and
Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Key
Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and
Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Departments
of Chemistry and Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Hrvoje Petek
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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20
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Aggregation of metal-free organic sensitizers on TiO 2 (1 0 1) surface for use in dye-sensitized solar cells: A computational investigation. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Lu TF, Li W, Chen J, Bai FQ, Wang J, He LJ, Zhang HX. Regulating ancillary ligands of Ru(ii) complexes with square-planar quadridentate ligands for more efficient sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells: insights from theoretical investigations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:29591-29599. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05649k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modification of ancillary ligands of Ru(ii) complexes with square-planar quadridentate ligands presents an efficient strategy to tune the performance of DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Fei Lu
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Jun He
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
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