1
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Tang Q, Sun M, Lu X, Hou D, Li M, Wang P. Understanding erosion resistance mechanisms of sodium aluminate silicate hydrate in erosion environments: a molecular dynamics study. RSC Adv 2024; 14:10397-10408. [PMID: 38567324 PMCID: PMC10985470 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00302k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sodium-aluminate-silicate-hydrate (NASH) gel, as the primary reaction product stimulated by alkali in silica-aluminum-rich minerals, influences the mechanical and durability properties of geopolymers. In erosion environments, NASH demonstrates superior compressive strength and erosion resistance compared to hydration products of ordinary Portland cement. However, the underlying erosion resistance mechanism of NASH under such conditions remains unclear. Therefore, this study employs molecular dynamics research methodology to investigate the alteration in performance and deterioration mechanism of NASH in erosive environments. The findings reveal that in Na2SO4 solution, the infiltration of H2O molecules and Na+ ions into the three-dimensional mesh structure of NASH results in slight expansion and reduced tensile strength. Although H2O intrusion induces hydrolysis of the three-dimensional skeleton, the adsorption sites within NASH possess the capability to capture externally introduced Na+ ions. During tensile loading, Na+ ions can interact with reactive oxygen species produced through stretching or H2O molecule-induced decomposition of the internal framework, facilitating the repair of fractured structures. Consequently, this process partially alleviates tensile rupture, modifies the fracture damage mode, enhances overall toughness, and improves resistance against sulfate attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266033 China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266033 China
| | - Xinghai Lu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266033 China
| | - Dongshuai Hou
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266033 China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266033 China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao 266033 China
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2
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Wang M, Sun H, Zhou X, Wang P, Li Z, Hou D. Surface Engineering of Migratory Corrosion Inhibitors: Controlling the Wettability of Calcium Silicate Hydrate in the Nanoscale. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17110-17121. [PMID: 37992396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Migratory corrosion inhibitors (MCIs) are regarded as effective additives to prevent harmful ion transmission and improve concrete durability, but their behavior in the porosity of concrete is still unclarified. This paper proposes a unique perspective to evaluate the effects of surfactant-like MCIs in calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) nanoporosity through molecular and electronic structural information. Advanced enhanced sampling methods and perturbation theory methods were applied to evaluate the role of different MCIs. The reduced density gradient of MCI molecules was obtained by using quantum chemical calculations. This calculation is instrumental in elucidating the intensity of interactions among distinct MCI molecule head groups and the C-S-H matrix. It is found that MCIs can effectively improve the interfacial tension (IFT) between C-S-H and water, which corresponds to the inhibitory ability of transmission. Free energy indicates that the MCI has the properties of strong adsorption and weak dissolution, facilitating the improvement of IFT. The relationship between the MCI functional group and the ability of adsorption and dissolution is revealed. This study suggests that MCIs work as surface controllers of C-S-H pores and that their properties can be assessed on the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huiwen Sun
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Xiangming Zhou
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, U.K
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, PR China
| | - Dongshuai Hou
- Department of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
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3
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R Leivas F, Barbosa MC. Functionalized carbon nanocones performance in water harvesting. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2890471. [PMID: 37184010 DOI: 10.1063/5.0142718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the water capture process for functionalized carbon nanocones (CNCs) through molecular dynamic simulations in the following three scenarios: a single CNC in contact with a reservoir containing liquid water, a single CNC in contact with a water vapor reservoir, and a combination of more than one CNC in contact with vapor. We found that water flows through the nanocones when in contact with the liquid reservoir if the nanocone tip presents hydrophilic functionalization. In contact with steam, we observed the formation of droplets at the base of the nanocone only when hydrophilic functionalization is present. Then, water flows through in a linear manner, a process that is more efficient than that in the liquid reservoir regime. The scalability of the process is tested by analyzing the water flow through more than one nanocone. The results suggest that the distance between the nanocones is a fundamental ingredient for the efficiency of water harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda R Leivas
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15051, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcia C Barbosa
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15051, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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4
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Leivas FR, Barbosa MC. Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:1-10. [PMID: 36703909 PMCID: PMC9830493 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose a method to harvest liquid water from water vapor using carbon nanocones. The condensation occurs due to the presence of hydrophilic sites at the nanocone entrance. The functionalization, together with the high mobility of water inside nanostructures, leads to a fast water flow through the nanostructure. We show using molecular dynamics simulations that this device is able to collect water if the surface functionalization is properly selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda R Leivas
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15051, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcia C Barbosa
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15051, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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5
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Ding C, Zhao Y, Su J. Electropumping Phenomenon in Modified Carbon Nanotubes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12318-12326. [PMID: 34644087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the water transport in a given direction is essential to the design of novel nanofluidic devices, which is still a challenge because of thermal fluctuations on the nanoscale. In this work, we find an interesting electropumping phenomenon for charge-modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through a series of molecular dynamics simulations. In electric fields, the flowing counterions on the CNT inner surface provide a direct driving force for water conduction. Specifically, the dynamics of cations and anions exhibit distinct behaviors that lead to thoroughly different water dynamics in positively and negatively charged CNTs. Because of the competition between the increased ion number and ion-CNT interaction, the cation flux displays an interesting maximum behavior with the increase in surface charge density; however, the anion flux rises further at higher charge density because it is less attractive to the surface. Thus, the anion flux is always several times larger than cation flux that induces a higher water flux in positive CNTs with nearly 100% pumping efficiency, which highly exceeds the efficiency of pristine CNTs. With the change in charge density, the translocation time, occupancy number, and radial density profiles for water and ions also demonstrate a nontrivial difference for positive and negative CNTs. Furthermore, the ion flux exhibits an excellent linear relationship with the field strength, leading to the same water flux behavior. For the change in salt concentration, the pumping efficiency for positive CNTs is also nearly 100%. Our results provide significant new insight into the ionic transport through modified CNTs and should be helpful for the design of nanometer water pumps.
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6
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Li S, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Ding C, Su J. Rectification Correlation between Water and Ions through Asymmetric Graphene Channels. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:11232-11241. [PMID: 34597047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rectification phenomena occurring in asymmetric channels are essential for the design of novel nanofluidic devices such as nanodiodes. Previous studies mostly focus on ion current rectification, while its correlations with water dynamics are rarely explored. In this work, we analyze the transport of water and ions through asymmetric graphene channels under the drive of electric fields using molecular dynamics simulations. A key observation is that the water flux also exists in the rectification phenomenon that follows the ion flux behaviors because of their dynamical coupling relation in electric fields, and both their rectification ratios exhibit maximum behaviors with the change of the channel opening ratio. This is because the ion dehydration is highly asymmetric for small opening ratios. In addition, the cations and anions have distinct rectification ratios that are strongly dependent on the field strength, where the values for anions can even be 1-2 orders larger. This can be attributed to their different hydration shell and dehydration processes in the graphene channel. The translocation time of ions displays a power law relation with the field strength, in agreement with the prediction by Langevin dynamics. Due to the exclude-volume effect, the occupancy of water and ions shows a clear competition and thus changes in an opposite trend with the field strength. Our results demonstrate the rectification correlations between water and ions, and tuning the geometry of graphene channels provides a simple and robust new route to achieve high rectification ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Yunzhen Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Xinke Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chuxuan Ding
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Jiaye Su
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.,MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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7
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Ma L, Li Z, Yuan Z, Huang C, Siwy ZS, Qiu Y. Modulation of Ionic Current Rectification in Ultrashort Conical Nanopores. Anal Chem 2020; 92:16188-16196. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Ma
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhishan Yuan
- School of Electro-mechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuanzhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zuzanna S. Siwy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine 92697, California, United States
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
- Suzhou Research Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
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8
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Jin Y, Ng T, Tao R, Luo S, Su Y, Li Z. Coupling effects in electromechanical ion transport in graphene nanochannels. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:033112. [PMID: 33075923 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.033112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we use molecular dynamics simulations to study the transport of ions in electromechanical flows in slit-like graphene nanochannels. The variation of ionic currents indicates a nonlinear coupling between pressure-driven and electroosmotic flows, which enhances the ionic currents for electromechanical flows compared with the linear superposition of pressure-driven and electroosmotic flows. The nonlinear coupling is attributed to the reduction of the total potential energy barrier due to the density variations of ions and water molecules in the channel. The numerical results may offer molecular insights into the design of nanofluidic devices for energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakang Jin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiniao Ng
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, FST, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuang Luo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, FST, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Chen J. Phonon-Induced Ratchet Motion of a Water Nanodroplet on a Supported Black Phosphorene. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:4298-4304. [PMID: 32392074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phonons are not supposed to carry any physical momentum as lattice vibrational modes; thus, it is believed no mass transport could be induced by phonons. In this Letter, we show that a ratchet motion of a water nanodroplet could be induced on a two-dimensional puckered lattice like black phosphorene (BP) by exciting its flexural phonons through a moving substrate. The water nanodroplet exhibits a forward motion along the armchair or a backward motion along the zigzag directions on a BP lattice that is supported on a substrate possessing a relative armchair or zigzag forward motion with BP. Through the analysis of the structure and vibrational density states of BP, it is found that in-plane lattice displacement asymmetry and the in-plane vibration asymmetry are induced by the excited flexural phonons, which determine the water nanodroplet motion as an anisotropic Brownian motor. Simulations of the nanodroplet motion as functions of the substrate relative motion speed and direction and also the substrate coupling strength with BP are performed. Results of the nanodroplet ratchet motion exhibit good agreement with the theoretical predications from calculating the Brownian motor asymmetry. Our findings reveal a promising mass transport strategy and a further understanding of phonon-related interactions in crystalline solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jige Chen
- Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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10
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Shehzad MA, Wang Y, Yasmin A, Ge X, He Y, Liang X, Zhu Y, Hu M, Xiao X, Ge L, Jiang C, Yang Z, Guiver MD, Wu L, Xu T. Biomimetic Nanocones that Enable High Ion Permselectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12646-12654. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A. Shehzad
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Advanced Materials and Membrane Technology CentreDepartment of Polymer and Process EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology Lahore G.T. Road Lahore 54890 Pakistan
| | - Yaoming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Aqsa Yasmin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Advanced Materials and Membrane Technology CentreDepartment of Polymer and Process EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology Lahore G.T. Road Lahore 54890 Pakistan
| | - Xiaolin Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yubin He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xian Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Min Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xinle Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Liang Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Chenxiao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhengjin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Michael D. Guiver
- State Key Laboratory of EnginesSchool of Mechanical Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Liang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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11
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Shehzad MA, Wang Y, Yasmin A, Ge X, He Y, Liang X, Zhu Y, Hu M, Xiao X, Ge L, Jiang C, Yang Z, Guiver MD, Wu L, Xu T. Biomimetic Nanocones that Enable High Ion Permselectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A. Shehzad
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Advanced Materials and Membrane Technology CentreDepartment of Polymer and Process EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology Lahore G.T. Road Lahore 54890 Pakistan
| | - Yaoming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Aqsa Yasmin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Advanced Materials and Membrane Technology CentreDepartment of Polymer and Process EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology Lahore G.T. Road Lahore 54890 Pakistan
| | - Xiaolin Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yubin He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xian Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Min Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xinle Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Liang Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Chenxiao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhengjin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Michael D. Guiver
- State Key Laboratory of EnginesSchool of Mechanical Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Liang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of Applied ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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12
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Su Z, Chen J, Zhao Y, Su J. How ions block the single-file water transport through a carbon nanotube. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:11298-11305. [PMID: 31106311 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01714c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the blockage of ions for water transport through nanochannels is crucial for the design of desalination nanofluidic devices. In this work, we systematically clarify how ions block the single-file water transport through a (6,6) carbon nanotube (CNT) by using molecular dynamics simulations. We consider various pressure differences and salt concentrations. With the increase of pressure difference, the water flux shows a linear growth that coincides with the Hagen-Poiseuille equation. Interestingly, the dependence of the CNT-ion interaction on the salt concentration results in a distinct ion blockage effect that ultimately leads to water flux bifurcation. The water translocation time shows a power law decay with pressure, depending on the salt concentration. Furthermore, with the increase of salt concentration, the water flux shows a linear decay with a larger slope for higher pressure, while the water translocation time shows an opposite behavior. Therefore, the ions can not only block the water entering but also slow down the water motion inside the CNT. Notably, the probability of cations and anions appearing at the CNT entrance is quite similar, suggesting a similar blockage effect; however, anions show deeper interactions with the CNT because of their larger size. We finally find a unique linear relation between the water flux and occupancy divided by the translocation time. Our results provide insightful information on the ion blockage effect for the single-file water transport, and are thus helpful for the design of novel filtration membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglong Su
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| | - Jingyi Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yunzhen Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| | - Jiaye Su
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
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13
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Li W, Wang W, Hou Q, Yan Y, Dai C, Zhang J. Alternating electric field-induced ion current rectification and electroosmotic pump in ultranarrow charged carbon nanocones. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:27910-27916. [PMID: 30379156 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05285a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pumping fluid in ultranarrow (sub-2 nm) synthetic channels, analogous to protein channels, has widespread applications in nanofluidic devices, molecular separation, and related fields. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study a symmetrical sinusoidal electric field-induced electroosmotic pump in ultranarrow charged carbon nanocone (CNC) channels. The results show that the CNC channels could rectify the ion current because of the different ion flow rates in the positive and negative half circles of the sinusoidal electric field. Electroosmotic flow (EOF) rectification yielded by the ion current rectification is also revealed, and net water flow from the base to the tip of the CNC channels is observed. The simulations also show that the preferential ion current conduction direction in the ultranarrow CNC channels (from base to tip) is opposite to that in conical nanochannels with tip diameters larger than 5 nm (from tip to base). However, the preferential EOF direction is the same as that of large conical nanochannels (from base to tip). We also investigated the influences of ion concentration and the amplitudes and periods of the sinusoidal electric field on the EOF pump. The results show that high ion concentration, large amplitudes, and long periods are desired for high EOF pumping efficiency. Finally, through comparison with a constant electric field and a pressure-induced water pump, we prove that the EOF pump under an alternating electric field has a higher pump efficiency. The approach outlined in this work provides a general scheme for pumping fluid in ultranarrow charged conical nanochannels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, 266580 Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Alizadeh A, Wang M. Flexibility of inactive electrokinetic layer at charged solid-liquid interface in response to bulk ion concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 534:195-204. [PMID: 30223200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
It has been a long-lasting debate on the position of zeta potential plane within aqueous solutions. This paper reports a flexible behavior of the inactive electrokinetic layer between the outer-Helmholtz plane and zeta potential plane, so-called buffer layer, in response to bulk ion concentration. This flexibility is not only corroborated by analyzing the measured zeta potentials with resulting electrical quad-layer model (inner- and outer-Helmholtz, buffer, and diffuse layers) but also consistent with thermodynamic analysis. The model indicates that the flexible buffer layer thickness saturates to its minimum for concentrated solutions. The predicted ionic conductance agrees well with the previous experimental measurements in nanochannels. The theory provides a deep physical insight into understanding, design, and manipulation of ion transport in nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Alizadeh
- Department of Engineering Mechanics and CNMM, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Moran Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics and CNMM, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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15
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Abstract
Previous experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated that nanofabricated synthetic channels are able to pump ions using oscillating electric fields. We have recently proposed that conical pores with oscillating surface charges are particularly effective for pumping ions due to rectification that arises from their asymmetric structure. In this work, the energy and thermodynamic efficiency associated with salt pumping using the conical pore pump is studied, with emphasis on pumps needed to desalinate seawater. The energy efficiency is found to be as high as 0.60 to 0.83 mol/kJ when the radius of the tip side of the conical pore is two Debye lengths and the pump works with a concentration gradient smaller than 1.5. As a result, the energy consumption needed for seawater desalination with 20% salt rejection is 0.32 kJ/L. In addition, the energy consumption can be further reduced to 0.21 kJ/L (20% salt rejection) if the bias voltage is adaptively altered four times during the pump cycle while salt concentration is reduced. If the bias voltage is adaptively increased to higher values, then salt rejection can be improved to values that are needed to produce fresh water that satisfies standard requirements. Numerical analysis indicates that the energy consumption is 4.9 kJ/L for 98.6% salt rejection, which is smaller than the practical minimum energy requirement for RO-based methods. In addition, the pumping efficiency can be further improved by tuning the pump structure, increasing the surface charge, and employing more adaptive bias voltages. The conical pores are also found to more efficiently counteract the concentration gradient compared to cylindrical counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Center for Bio-inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinios 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Center for Bio-inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinios 60208, United States
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16
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Shahbabaei M, Kim D. Transport of water molecules through noncylindrical pores in multilayer nanoporous graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:20749-20759. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03981f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The permeability inside a multilayer hourglass-shaped pore depends on the length of the flow path of the water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Shahbabaei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Sogang University
- Seoul 121-742
- Republic of Korea
| | - Daejoong Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Sogang University
- Seoul 121-742
- Republic of Korea
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17
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Su J, Zhao Y, Fang C, Bilal Ahmed S, Shi Y. Interface nanoparticle control of a nanometer water pump. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:22406-22416. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03351f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nanoparticle is forced to move on a membrane surface, inducing considerable water flux through a carbon nanotube, suggesting a controllable nanometer water pump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaye Su
- Department of Applied Physics
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yunzhen Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Chang Fang
- Department of Applied Physics
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Syed Bilal Ahmed
- Department of Applied Physics
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Applied Physics
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
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