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Darko WK, Mangal D, Conrad JC, Palmer JC. Particle dispersion through porous media with heterogeneous attractions. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:837-847. [PMID: 38170621 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01166f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Porous media used in many practical applications contain natural spatial variations in composition and surface charge that lead to heterogeneous physicochemical attractions between the media and transported particles. We performed Stokesian dynamics (SD) simulations to examine the effects of heterogeneous attractions on quiescent diffusion and hydrodynamic dispersion of particles within geometrically ordered arrays of nanoposts. We find that transport under quiescent conditions occurs by two mechanisms, diffusion through the void space and intermittent hopping between the attractive wells of different nanoposts. As the attraction heterogeneity increases, the latter mechanism becomes dominant, resulting in an increase in the particle trajectory tortuosity, deviations from Gaussian behavior in the particle displacement distributions, and a decrease in the long-time particle diffusivity. Similarly, under flow conditions corresponding to low Péclet number (Pe), increased attraction heterogeneity leads to transient localization near the nanoposts, resulting in a broadening of the particle distribution and enhanced longitudinal dispersion in the direction of flow. At high Pe where advection strongly dominates, however, the longitudinal dispersion coefficient is insensitive to attraction heterogeneity and exhibits Taylor-Aris dispersion behavior. Our findings provide insight into how heterogeneous interactions may influence particle transport in complex 3-D porous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred Kwabena Darko
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA.
| | - Deepak Mangal
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA.
| | - Jeremy C Palmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA.
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2
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Kotkar SB, Howard MP, Nikoubashman A, Conrad JC, Poling-Skutvik R, Palmer JC. Confined Dynamics in Spherical Polymer Brushes. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1503-1509. [PMID: 37879104 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of polymers grafted to spherical nanoparticles in solution using hybrid molecular dynamics simulations with a coarse-grained solvent modeled via the multiparticle collision dynamics algorithm. The mean-square displacements of monomers near the surface of the nanoparticle exhibit a plateau on intermediate time scales, indicating confined dynamics reminiscent of those reported in neutron spin-echo experiments. The confined dynamics vanish beyond a specific radial distance from the nanoparticle surface that depends on the polymer grafting density. We show that this dynamical confinement transition follows theoretical predictions for the critical distance associated with the structural transition from confined to semidilute brush regimes. These findings suggest the existence of a hitherto unreported dynamic length scale connected with theoretically predicted static fluctuations in spherical polymer brushes and provide new insights into recent experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj B Kotkar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Michael P Howard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Arash Nikoubashman
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Ryan Poling-Skutvik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Jeremy C Palmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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Ma XJ, Zhang R. Cooperative activated hopping dynamics in binary glass-forming liquids: effects of the size ratio, composition, and interparticle interactions. SOFT MATTER 2023. [PMID: 37317997 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Slow dynamics in supercooled and glassy liquids is an important research topic in soft matter physics. Compared to the traditionally focused one-component systems, glassy dynamics in mixture systems adds in a rich set of new complexities, which are fundamentally interesting and also relevant for many technological applications. In this paper, we apply the recently developed self-consistent cooperative hopping theory (SCCHT) to systematically investigate the effects of the size ratio, composition and interparticle interactions on the cooperative activated hopping dynamics of matrix (in larger size) and penetrant (in smaller size) particles in varied binary sphere mixture model systems, with a specific focus on ultrahigh mixture packing fractions that mimic the deeply supercooled glass transition conditions for molecular/polymeric mixture materials. Analysis shows that in these high activation barrier cases, the long-range elastic distortion associated with a matrix particle hopping over its cage confinement always generates an elastic barrier of a nonnegligible magnitude, although the ratio between the elastic barrier and local barrier contribution is sensitively dependent on all three mixture-specific system factors considered in this work. SCCHT predicts two general scenarios of penetrant-matrix cooperative activated hopping dynamics: matrix/penetrant co-hopping (regime 1) or the penetrant mean barrier hopping time shorter than that of the matrix (regime 2). Increasing the penetrant-to-matrix size ratio or the penetrant-matrix cross-attraction strength is found to universally enlarge the composition window of regime 1. Diverse dynamical properties characterising different aspects of the cooperative activated hopping process, including the penetrant and matrix transient localization lengths, penetrant and matrix hopping jump distances, different types of local and elastic activated barriers, and matrix long-time diffusivity, relaxation time and dynamic fragility are quantitatively studied against a wide range of variations over the three system factors. Of particular interest is the universal "anti-plasticization" phenomenon achievable for sufficiently strong cross-attractive interactions. The prospects this work opens for the exploration of a wide variety of polymer-based mixture materials are briefly discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Ma
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Mangal D, Conrad JC, Palmer JC. Nanoparticle dispersion in porous media: Effects of attractive particle-media interactions. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:055102. [PMID: 35706234 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.055102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effects of physicochemical attractions on the transport of finite-sized particles in three-dimensional ordered nanopost arrays using Stokesian dynamics simulations. We find that weak particle-nanopost attractions negligibly affect diffusion due to the dominance of Brownian fluctuations. Strong attractions, however, significantly hinder particle diffusion due to localization of particles around the nanoposts. Conversely, under flow, attractions significantly enhance longitudinal dispersion at low to moderate Péclet number (Pe). At high Pe, by contrast, advection becomes dominant and attractions weakly enhance dispersion. Moreover, attractions frustrate directional locking at moderate flow rates, and shift the onset of this behavior to higher Pe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Mangal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Jeremy C Palmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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Zirdehi EM, Voigtmann T, Varnik F. Multiple character of non-monotonic size-dependence for relaxation dynamics in polymer-particle and binary mixtures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:275104. [PMID: 32287041 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab757c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adding plasticizers is a well-known procedure to reduce the glass transition temperature in polymers. It has been recently shown that this effect shows a non-monotonic dependence on the size of additive molecules (2019 J. Chem. Phys. 150 024903). In this work, we demonstrate that, as the size of the additive molecules is changed at fixed concentration, multiple extrema emerge in the dependence of the system's relaxation time on the size ratio. The effect occurs on all relevant length scales including single monomer dynamics, decay of Rouse modes and relaxation of the chain's end-to-end vector. A qualitatively similar trend is found within mode-coupling theoretical results for a binary hard-sphere mixture. An interpretation of the effect in terms of local packing efficiency and coupling between the dynamics of minority and majority species is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias M Zirdehi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation (ICAMS), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Mansel BW, Chen CY, Lin JM, Huang YS, Lin YC, Chen HL. Hierarchical Structure and Dynamics of a Polymer/Nanoparticle Hybrid Displaying Attractive Polymer–Particle Interaction. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley W. Mansel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- Experimental Facility Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Min Lin
- Experimental Facility Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Huang
- Experimental Facility Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiao Lin
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chutung, Hsinchu 31057, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Roberts RC, Poling-Skutvik R, Conrad JC, Palmer JC. Tracer transport in attractive and repulsive supercooled liquids and glasses. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:194501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5121851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA
| | - Ryan Poling-Skutvik
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jacinta C. Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA
| | - Jeremy C. Palmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA
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Higler R, Frijns RAM, Sprakel J. Diffusion Decoupling in Binary Colloidal Systems Observed with Contrast Variation Multispeckle Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5793-5801. [PMID: 30955341 PMCID: PMC6495389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the study of colloidal glasses, crystallization is often suppressed by leveraging size polydispersity, ranging from systems where particle sizes exhibit a continuous distribution to systems composed of particles of two or more distinct sizes. The effects of the disparities in size of the particles on the colloidal glass transition are not yet completely understood. Especially, the question of the existence of a decoupled glass transition between the large and small population remains. In order to measure colloidal dynamics on very long time scales and to disentangle the dynamics of the two populations, we employ contrast variation multispeckle diffusing wave spectroscopy. With this method, we aim to analyze the effect of size ratio, a = rPS/ rpNIPAM, on particle dynamics near the glass transition of a binary colloidal system. We find that both for long-time (α-) and short-time (β-) relaxation, the dynamics of the small particles either completely decouple from the large ones ( a = 0.2), moving freely through a glassy matrix, or are identical to the dynamics of the larger-sized population ( a = 0.37 and 1.44). For a size ratio of 0.37, we find a single-glass transition for both particle populations. The postulated double-glass transition in simulations and theory is not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Higler
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul A. M. Frijns
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Sprakel
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Poling-Skutvik R, Roberts RC, Slim AH, Narayanan S, Krishnamoorti R, Palmer JC, Conrad JC. Structure Dominates Localization of Tracers within Aging Nanoparticle Glasses. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1784-1789. [PMID: 30916569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the transport and localization of tracer probes in a glassy matrix as a function of relative size using dynamic X-ray scattering experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. The quiescent relaxations of tracer particles evolve with increasing waiting time, tw. The corresponding relaxation times increase exponentially at small tw and then transition to a power-law behavior at longer tw. As tracer size decreases, the aging behavior weakens and the particles become less localized within the matrix until they delocalize at a critical size ratio δ0 ≈ 0.38. Localization does not vary with sample age even as the relaxations slow by approximately an order of magnitude, suggesting that matrix structure controls tracer localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Poling-Skutvik
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Ryan C Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Ali H Slim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Ramanan Krishnamoorti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Jeremy C Palmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
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