1
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Xu J, Shi Z, Wang L. Consistent Construction of the Density Matrix from Surface Hopping Trajectories. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:2349-2361. [PMID: 38490993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Proper construction of the density matrix based on surface hopping trajectories remains a difficult problem. Due to the well-known overcoherence in traditional surface hopping simulations, the electronic wave function cannot be used directly. In this work, we propose a consistent density matrix construction method, which takes the advantage of occupation of active states to rescale the coherence calculated by wave functions and ensures the intrinsic consistency of the density matrix. This new trajectory analysis method can be used for both Tully's fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) and our recently proposed branching corrected surface hopping (BCSH). As benchmarked in both one- and two-dimensional standard scattering models, the new approach combined with BCSH trajectories achieves highly accurate time-dependent spatial distributions of adiabatic populations and coherence compared to exact quantum results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhecun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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2
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Carey RL, Giannini S, Schott S, Lemaur V, Xiao M, Prodhan S, Wang L, Bovoloni M, Quarti C, Beljonne D, Sirringhaus H. Spin relaxation of electron and hole polarons in ambipolar conjugated polymers. Nat Commun 2024; 15:288. [PMID: 38177094 PMCID: PMC10767019 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The charge-transport properties of conjugated polymers have been studied extensively for opto-electronic device applications. Some polymer semiconductors not only support the ambipolar transport of electrons and holes, but do so with comparable carrier mobilities. This opens the possibility of gaining deeper insight into the charge-transport physics of these complex materials via comparison between electron and hole dynamics while keeping other factors, such as polymer microstructure, equal. Here, we use field-induced electron spin resonance spectroscopy to compare the spin relaxation behavior of electron and hole polarons in three ambipolar conjugated polymers. Our experiments show unique relaxation regimes as a function of temperature for electrons and holes, whereby at lower temperatures electrons relax slower than holes, but at higher temperatures, in the so-called spin-shuttling regime, the trend is reversed. On the basis of theoretical simulations, we attribute this to differences in the delocalization of electron and hole wavefunctions and show that spin relaxation in the spin shuttling regimes provides a sensitive probe of the intimate coupling between charge and structural dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remington L Carey
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Samuele Giannini
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds, National Research Council (ICCOM-CNR), I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sam Schott
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Mingfei Xiao
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Suryoday Prodhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Michelangelo Bovoloni
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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3
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Dillon AD, Gieseking RLM. Convergence of Time-Derivative Nonadiabatic Couplings in Plane-Wave DFT Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9612-9620. [PMID: 37924298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate prediction of charge carrier relaxation rates is essential to design molecules and materials with the desired photochemical properties for applications like photocatalysis and solar energy conversion. Nonadiabatic molecular dynamics allows one to simulate the relaxation process of excited charge carriers. Plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) calculations make the time-derivative nonadiabatic couplings (TNACs) simple to compute because the basis is independent of the atomic positions. However, the effect of the kinetic energy cutoff for the plane-wave basis on the accuracy of the dynamics has not been studied. Here, we examine the effect of the kinetic energy cutoff on the TNACs and decay time scales for the prototypical model system of tetracene. These calculations show that the choice of kinetic energy cutoff can change the relaxation time by up to 30%. The relaxation times of states that have small TNACs to other states or are far from degenerate are more sensitive to the kinetic energy cutoff than those of states with large TNACs or near degeneracies. A kinetic energy cutoff of 60 Ry is sufficient for all states to reach semiquantitative agreement (absolute error <10%) with the decay times of our 110 Ry reference data, and a cutoff of 80 Ry is required for all states to reach quantitative agreement (absolute error <2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alva D Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Rebecca L M Gieseking
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
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4
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Shu Y, Varga Z, Zhang D, Truhlar DG. ChemPotPy: A Python Library for Analytic Representations of Potential Energy Surfaces and Diabatic Potential Energy Matrices. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9635-9640. [PMID: 37916790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c05899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Constructing analytic representations of global and semiglobal potential energy surfaces is difficult and can be laborious, and it is even harder when one needs coupled potential energy surfaces and their electronically nonadiabatic couplings. When accomplished, however, the resulting potential functions are a valuable resource. To facilitate the convenient use of potentials that have been developed, we provide a collection of existing surfaces in a library with consistent units and formats. A potential energy surface library of this type, namely PotLib, was built more than 20 years ago. However, that library only provided pristine Fortran subroutines for each potential energy surface, and therefore, it is not as user-friendly as would be desirable. Here, we report the creation of ChemPotPy, a CHEMical library of POTential energy surfaces in PYthon. ChemPotPy is a user-friendly library for analytic representation of single-state and multistate potential energy surfaces and couplings. A given entry in the library contains an analytic potential energy function or analytic functions for a set of coupled potential energy surfaces, and depending on the case, it may also include analytic or numerical gradients, nonadiabatic coupling vectors, and/or diabatic potential energy matrices and their gradients. Only three inputs, namely, the chemical formula of the system, the name of the potential energy surface or surface set, and the Cartesian geometry, are required. ChemPotPy uses the same units for input and output quantities of all surfaces and surface sets to facilitate general interfaces with the dynamics programs. The initial version of the library contains 338 entries, and we anticipate that more will be added in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Dayou Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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5
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Li G, Shi Z, Guo X, Wang L. What is Missing in the Mean Field Description of Spatial Distribution of Population? Important Role of Auxiliary Wave Packets in Trajectory Branching. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9855-9863. [PMID: 37890155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
When the traditional Ehrenfest mean field approach is employed to simulate nonadiabatic dynamics, an effective wave packet (WP) on the average potential energy surface (PES) is utilized to describe the nuclear motion. In the fully quantum picture, however, the WP components on different adiabatic PESs gradually separate in space because they evolve under different velocities and forces. Due to trajectory branching of the WP components, proper decoherence needs to be taken into account, and the spatial distribution of population cannot be described by a single effective WP. Here, we propose an auxiliary branching corrected mean field (A-BCMF) method, where trajectories of auxiliary WPs on adiabatic PESs are introduced. As benchmarked in the three standard Tully models, A-BCMF not only gives correct channel populations but also captures an accurate time-dependent spatial distribution of population. Thereby, we reveal the important role of auxiliary WPs in solving intrinsic problems of the widely used mean field description of nonadiabatic dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhecun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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6
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Zheng Z, Shi Y, Zhou JJ, Prezhdo OV, Zheng Q, Zhao J. Ab initio real-time quantum dynamics of charge carriers in momentum space. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 3:532-541. [PMID: 38177418 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-023-00456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Application of the non-adiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) approach is limited to studying carrier dynamics in the momentum space, as a supercell is required to sample the phonon excitation and electron-phonon (e-ph) interaction at different momenta in a molecular dynamics simulation. Here we develop an ab initio approach for the real-time charge carrier quantum dynamics in the momentum space (NAMD_k) by directly introducing e-ph coupling into the Hamiltonian based on the harmonic approximation. The NAMD_k approach maintains the zero-point energy and includes memory effects of carrier dynamics. The application of NAMD_k to the hot carrier dynamics in graphene reveals the phonon-specific relaxation mechanism. An energy threshold of 0.2 eV-defined by two optical phonon modes-separates the hot electron relaxation into fast and slow regions with lifetimes of pico- and nanoseconds, respectively. The NAMD_k approach provides an effective tool to understand real-time carrier dynamics in the momentum space for different materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfa Zheng
- Department of Physics, ICQD/Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yongliang Shi
- Department of Physics, ICQD/Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Center for Spintonics and Quantum Systerms, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Zhou
- School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Departments of Chemistry, Physics, and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qijing Zheng
- Department of Physics, ICQD/Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Physics, ICQD/Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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7
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Chen WK, Fang WH, Cui G. Extending multi-layer energy-based fragment method for excited-state calculations of large covalently bonded fragment systems. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:044110. [PMID: 36725521 DOI: 10.1063/5.0129458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we developed a low-scaling Multi-Layer Energy-Based Fragment (MLEBF) method for accurate excited-state calculations and nonadiabatic dynamics simulations of nonbonded fragment systems. In this work, we extend the MLEBF method to treat covalently bonded fragment ones. The main idea is cutting a target system into many fragments according to chemical properties. Fragments with dangling bonds are first saturated by chemical groups; then, saturated fragments, together with the original fragments without dangling bonds, are grouped into different layers. The accurate total energy expression is formulated with the many-body energy expansion theory, in combination with the inclusion-exclusion principle that is used to delete the contribution of chemical groups introduced to saturate dangling bonds. Specifically, in a two-layer MLEBF model, the photochemically active and inert layers are calculated with high-level and efficient electronic structure methods, respectively. Intralayer and interlayer energies can be truncated at the two- or three-body interaction level. Subsequently, through several systems, including neutral and charged covalently bonded fragment systems, we demonstrate that MLEBF can provide accurate ground- and excited-state energies and gradients. Finally, we realize the structure, conical intersection, and path optimizations by combining our MLEBF program with commercial and free packages, e.g., ASE and SciPy. These developments make MLEBF a practical and reliable tool for studying complex photochemical and photophysical processes of large nonbonded and bonded fragment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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8
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Ten Brink M, Gräber S, Hopjan M, Jansen D, Stolpp J, Heidrich-Meisner F, Blöchl PE. Real-time non-adiabatic dynamics in the one-dimensional Holstein model: Trajectory-based vs exact methods. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:234109. [PMID: 35732530 DOI: 10.1063/5.0092063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We benchmark a set of quantum-chemistry methods, including multitrajectory Ehrenfest, fewest-switches surface-hopping, and multiconfigurational-Ehrenfest dynamics, against exact quantum-many-body techniques by studying real-time dynamics in the Holstein model. This is a paradigmatic model in condensed matter theory incorporating a local coupling of electrons to Einstein phonons. For the two-site and three-site Holstein model, we discuss the exact and quantum-chemistry methods in terms of the Born-Huang formalism, covering different initial states, which either start on a single Born-Oppenheimer surface, or with the electron localized to a single site. For extended systems with up to 51 sites, we address both the physics of single Holstein polarons and the dynamics of charge-density waves at finite electron densities. For these extended systems, we compare the quantum-chemistry methods to exact dynamics obtained from time-dependent density matrix renormalization group calculations with local basis optimization (DMRG-LBO). We observe that the multitrajectory Ehrenfest method, in general, only captures the ultrashort time dynamics accurately. In contrast, the surface-hopping method with suitable corrections provides a much better description of the long-time behavior but struggles with the short-time description of coherences between different Born-Oppenheimer states. We show that the multiconfigurational Ehrenfest method yields a significant improvement over the multitrajectory Ehrenfest method and can be converged to the exact results in small systems with moderate computational efforts. We further observe that for extended systems, this convergence is slower with respect to the number of configurations. Our benchmark study demonstrates that DMRG-LBO is a useful tool for assessing the quality of the quantum-chemistry methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ten Brink
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Gräber
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Hopjan
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - D Jansen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J Stolpp
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - F Heidrich-Meisner
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - P E Blöchl
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Xie H, Xu X, Wang L, Zhuang W. Surface hopping dynamics in periodic solid-state materials with a linear vibronic coupling model. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:154116. [PMID: 35459287 DOI: 10.1063/5.0085759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a surface hopping approach in which the implemented linear vibronic coupling Hamiltonian is constructed and the electronic wavefunction is propagated in the reciprocal space. The parameters of the linear vibronic coupling model, including onsite energies, phonon frequencies, and electron-phonon couplings, are calculated with density-functional theory and density-functional perturbation theory and interpolated in fine sampling points of the Brillouin zone with maximally localized Wannier functions. Using this approach, we studied the relaxation dynamics of the photo-excited hot carrier in a one-dimensional periodic carbon chain. The results show that the completeness of the number of Hilbert space k points and the number of phonon q points plays an important role in the hot carrier relaxation processes. By calculating the relaxation times of hot carriers under different reciprocal space sampling and extrapolating with the stretched-compressed exponential function, the relaxation times of hot electrons and holes in the quasi-continuous energy band are obtained. By considering the feedback effect in the hopping processes and analyzing the time-dependent phonon energy in different normal modes, we found that the long-wave longitudinal optical phonons play a major role in the relaxation dynamics of hot electrons and holes. We, therefore, provided herein an efficient and accurate approach for modeling the photophysical processes in periodic solid-state material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaoliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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10
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Qiu J, Lu Y, Wang L. Multilayer Subsystem Surface Hopping Method for Large-Scale Nonadiabatic Dynamics Simulation with Hundreds of Thousands of States. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:2803-2815. [PMID: 35380833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a multilayer subsystem surface hopping (MSSH) method to deal with nonadiabatic dynamics in large-scale systems. A small subsystem instead of the full system is adopted for surface hopping and is updated on-the-fly to achieve a reliable description of important adiabatic states and the wave function evolution. Additional subsystems for molecular dynamics and statistical description are introduced to further improve the simulation reliability. The global flux hopping probabilities with optimal state assignments are utilized to treat the complex surface crossings. As demonstrated in a series of one- and two-dimensional Holstein models with up to hundreds of thousands of states, MSSH shows weak parameter dependence in all investigated systems. Especially, the computational costs are reduced by 2-6 orders of magnitude compared to traditional surface hopping simulations in full systems, and size-independent results are achieved with a large time-step size of 2-5 fs. The new method is compatible with different decoherence correction strategies and achieves a much better balance between efficiency and reliability, thus promising for applications in general charge and exciton dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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11
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Dilmurat R, Prodhan S, Wang L, Beljonne D. Thermally activated intra-chain charge transport in high charge-carrier mobility copolymers. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:084115. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Disordered or even seemingly amorphous, donor–acceptor type, conjugated copolymers with high charge-carrier mobility have emerged as a new class of functional materials, where transport along the conjugated backbone is key. Here, we report on non-adiabatic molecular dynamics simulations of charge-carrier transport along chains of poly (indacenodithiophene-co-benzothiadiazole), within a model Hamiltonian parameterized against first-principles calculations. We predict thermally activated charge transport associated with a slightly twisted ground-state conformation, on par with experimental results. Our results also demonstrate that the energy mismatch between the hole on the donor vs the acceptor units of the copolymer drives localization of the charge carriers and limits the intra-chain charge-carrier mobility. We predict that room-temperature mobility values in excess of 10 cm2 V−1 s−1 can be achieved through proper chemical tuning of the component monomer units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishat Dilmurat
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Suryoday Prodhan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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12
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Wang Z, Dong J, Qiu J, Wang L. All-Atom Nonadiabatic Dynamics Simulation of Hybrid Graphene Nanoribbons Based on Wannier Analysis and Machine Learning. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:22929-22940. [PMID: 35100503 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Trajectory surface hopping combined with ab initio electronic structure calculations is a popular and powerful approach for on-the-fly nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. For large systems, however, this remains a significant challenge because of the unaffordable computational cost of large-scale electronic structure calculations. Here, we present an efficient divide-and-conquer approach to construct the system Hamiltonian based on Wannier analysis and machine learning. In detail, the large system under investigation is first decomposed into small building blocks, and then all possible segments formed by building blocks within a cutoff distance are found out. Ab initio molecular dynamics is carried out to generate a sequence of geometries for each equivalent segment with periodicity. The Hamiltonian matrices in the maximum localized Wannier function (MLWF) basis are obtained for all geometries and utilized to train artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the structure-dependent Hamiltonian elements. Taking advantage of the orthogonality and spatial locality of MLWFs, the one-electron Hamiltonian of a large system at arbitrary geometry can be directly constructed by the trained ANNs. As demonstrations, we study charge transport in a zigzag graphene nanoribbon (GNR), a coved GNR, and a series of hybrid GNRs with a state-of-the-art surface hopping method. The interplay between delocalized and localized states is found to determine the electron dynamics in hybrid GNRs. Our approach has successfully studied GNRs with >10 000 atoms, paving the way for efficient and reliable all-atom nonadiabatic dynamics simulation of general systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiawei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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13
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Abstract
Surface hopping has seen great success in describing molecular phenomena where electronic excitations tend to be localized, but its application to materials with band-like electronic properties has remained limited. Here, we derive a formulation of fewest-switches surface hopping where both the quantum and classical equations of motion are solved entirely in terms of reciprocal-space coordinates. The resulting method is directly compatible with band structure calculations and allows for the efficient description of band-like phenomena by means of a truncation of the Brillouin zone. Using the Holstein and Peierls models as examples, we demonstrate the formal equivalence between real-space and reciprocal-space surface hopping and assess their accuracy against mean-field mixed quantum-classical dynamics and numerically exact results. Having very similar equations of motion, reciprocal-space surface hopping can be straightforwardly incorporated in existing (real-space) surface hopping implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Krotz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Roel Tempelaar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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14
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Interpretation of Adiabatic and Diabatic Populations from Trajectories of Branching Corrected Surface Hopping. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2201023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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15
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Akimov AV. Extending the Time Scales of Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics via Machine Learning in the Time Domain. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:12119-12128. [PMID: 34913701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel methodology for direct modeling of long-time scale nonadiabatic dynamics in extended nanoscale and solid-state systems is developed. The presented approach enables forecasting the vibronic Hamiltonians as a direct function of time via machine-learning models trained directly in the time domain. The use of periodic and aperiodic functions that transform time into effective input modes of the artificial neural network is demonstrated to be essential for such an approach to work for both abstract and atomistic models. The best strategies and possible limitations pertaining to the new methodology are explored and discussed. An exemplary direct simulation of unprecedentedly long 20 picosecond trajectories is conducted for a divacancy-containing monolayer black phosphorus system, and the importance of conducting such extended simulations is demonstrated. New insights into the excited states photophysics in this system are presented, including the role of decoherence and model definition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Akimov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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16
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Bai X, Guo X, Wang L. Machine Learning Approach to Calculate Electronic Couplings between Quasi-diabatic Molecular Orbitals: The Case of DNA. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:10457-10464. [PMID: 34672582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabatization of one-electron states in flexible molecular aggregates is a great challenge due to the presence of surface crossings between molecular orbital (MO) levels and the complex interaction between MOs of neighboring molecules. In this work, we present an efficient machine learning approach to calculate electronic couplings between quasi-diabatic MOs without the need of nonadiabatic coupling calculations. Using MOs of rigid molecules as references, the MOs that can be directly regarded to be quasi-diabatic in molecular dynamics are selected out, state tracked, and phase corrected. On the basis of this information, artificial neural networks are trained to characterize the structure-dependent onsite energies of quasi-diabatic MOs and the intermolecular electronic couplings. A representative sequence of DNA is systematically studied as an illustration. Smooth time evolution of electronic couplings in all base pairs is obtained with quasi-diabatic MOs. In particular, our method can calculate electronic couplings between different quasi-diabatic MOs independently, and thus, this possesses unique advantages in many applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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17
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Prodhan S, Giannini S, Wang L, Beljonne D. Long-Range Interactions Boost Singlet Exciton Diffusion in Nanofibers of π-Extended Polymer Chains. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8188-8193. [PMID: 34415752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Raising the distance covered by singlet excitons during their lifetimes to values maximizing light absorption (a few hundred nm) would solve the exciton diffusion bottleneck issue and lift the constraint for fine (∼10 nm) phase segregation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. In that context, the recent report of highly ordered conjugated polymer nanofibers featuring singlet exciton diffusion length, LD, in excess of 300 nm is both appealing and intriguing [Jin, X.; et al. Science 2018, 360 (6391), 897-900]. Here, on the basis of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that singlet exciton diffusion in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) fibers is highly sensitive to the interplay between delocalization along the polymer chains and long-range interactions along the stacks. Remarkably, the diffusion coefficient is predicted to rocket by 3 orders of magnitude when going beyond nearest-neighbor intermolecular interactions in fibers of extended (30-mer) polymer chains and to be resilient to interchain energetic and positional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryoday Prodhan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Samuele Giannini
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
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18
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Jankowska J, Sobolewski AL. Modern Theoretical Approaches to Modeling the Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer: An Overview. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175140. [PMID: 34500574 PMCID: PMC8434569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) phenomenon is nowadays widely acknowledged to play a crucial role in many photobiological and photochemical processes. It is an extremely fast transformation, often taking place at sub-100 fs timescales. While its experimental characterization can be highly challenging, a rich manifold of theoretical approaches at different levels is nowadays available to support and guide experimental investigations. In this perspective, we summarize the state-of-the-art quantum-chemical methods, as well as molecular- and quantum-dynamics tools successfully applied in ESIPT process studies, focusing on a critical comparison of their specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jankowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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19
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Sneyd AJ, Fukui T, Paleček D, Prodhan S, Wagner I, Zhang Y, Sung J, Collins SM, Slater TJA, Andaji-Garmaroudi Z, MacFarlane LR, Garcia-Hernandez JD, Wang L, Whittell GR, Hodgkiss JM, Chen K, Beljonne D, Manners I, Friend RH, Rao A. Efficient energy transport in an organic semiconductor mediated by transient exciton delocalization. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/32/eabh4232. [PMID: 34348902 PMCID: PMC8336960 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh4232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient energy transport is desirable in organic semiconductor (OSC) devices. However, photogenerated excitons in OSC films mostly occupy highly localized states, limiting exciton diffusion coefficients to below ~10-2 cm2/s and diffusion lengths below ~50 nm. We use ultrafast optical microscopy and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations to study well-ordered poly(3-hexylthiophene) nanofiber films prepared using living crystallization-driven self-assembly, and reveal a highly efficient energy transport regime: transient exciton delocalization, where energy exchange with vibrational modes allows excitons to temporarily re-access spatially extended states under equilibrium conditions. We show that this enables exciton diffusion constants up to 1.1 ± 0.1 cm2/s and diffusion lengths of 300 ± 50 nm. Our results reveal the dynamic interplay between localized and delocalized exciton configurations at equilibrium conditions, calling for a re-evaluation of exciton dynamics and suggesting design rules to engineer efficient energy transport in OSC device architectures not based on restrictive bulk heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Sneyd
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Tomoya Fukui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - David Paleček
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Suryoday Prodhan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Isabella Wagner
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jooyoung Sung
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Sean M Collins
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Thomas J A Slater
- Electron Physical Science Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | | | - Liam R MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - J Diego Garcia-Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | | | - Justin M Hodgkiss
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
| | - Kai Chen
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium.
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Richard H Friend
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Akshay Rao
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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20
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Shao C, Xu J, Wang L. Branching and phase corrected surface hopping: A benchmark of nonadiabatic dynamics in multilevel systems. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:234109. [PMID: 34241240 DOI: 10.1063/5.0056224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the seminal work of Tully [J. Chem. Phys. 93, 1061 (1990)], two-level scattering models have been extensively adopted as the standard benchmark systems to assess the performance of different trajectory surface hopping methods for nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. Here, we extend the branching and phase corrections to multilevel systems and combine them with both the traditional fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) and its variant global flux surface hopping (GFSH) algorithms. To get a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed methods, we construct a series of more challenging and diverse three-level and four-level scattering models and use exact quantum solutions as references. Encouragingly, both FSSH and GFSH with the branching and phase corrections produce excellent and nearly identical results in all investigated systems, indicating that the new surface hopping methods are robust to describe multilevel problems and the reliability is insensitive to the definition of self-consistent hopping probabilities in the adiabatic representation. Furthermore, the branching correction is found to be especially important when dealing with strongly repulsive potential energy surfaces, which are common in realistic systems, thus promising for general applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiabo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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21
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Chu W, Prezhdo OV. Concentric Approximation for Fast and Accurate Numerical Evaluation of Nonadiabatic Coupling with Projector Augmented-Wave Pseudopotentials. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3082-3089. [PMID: 33750138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We develop an efficient and accurate method for numerical evaluation of nonadiabatic (NA) coupling in the Kohn-Sham representation with projector augmented-wave (PAW) pseudopotentials that are commonly used in electronic structure calculations on nanoscale, condensed matter, and molecular systems. Without additional cost, the method provides an order of magnitude improvement in accuracy compared to the current technique, while it is 3-4 orders of magnitude faster than the exact evaluation. Atomic displacements over typical time steps in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are much smaller than the size of the PAW core region, and therefore, evaluation of the NA in the core is simplified. The accuracy is demonstrated with three condensed matter systems. The method is robust to variation in the MD time step. The accurate NA coupling evaluation also helps in maintaining phase-consistency of the NA coupling and identifying trivial crossings of adiabatic states. The approach stimulates NAMD applications to modeling of modern materials and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Chu
- Departments of Chemistry, and Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Departments of Chemistry, and Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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22
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Temen S, Akimov AV. A Simple Solution to Trivial Crossings: A Stochastic State Tracking Approach. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:850-860. [PMID: 33427475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a new state tracking algorithm based on a stochastic state reassignment that reflects the quantum mechanical interpretation of the state time-overlaps. We assess the new method with a range of model Hamiltonians and demonstrate that it yields the results generally consistent with the deterministic min-cost algorithm. However, the stochastic state tracking algorithm reduces magnitudes of the state population fluctuations as the quantum system evolves toward its equilibrium. The new algorithm facilitates the thermalization of quantum state populations and suppresses the population revivals and oscillations near the equilibrium in many-state systems. The new stochastic algorithm has a favorable computational scaling, is easy to implement due to its conceptual transparency, and treats various types of state identity changes (trivial or avoided crossings and any intermediate cases) on equal footing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Story Temen
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Alexey V Akimov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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23
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Smith B, Shakiba M, Akimov AV. Nonadiabatic Dynamics in Si and CdSe Nanoclusters: Many-Body vs Single-Particle Treatment of Excited States. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:678-693. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260 United States
| | - Mohammad Shakiba
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran
| | - Alexey V. Akimov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260 United States
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24
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Chu W, Zheng Q, Akimov AV, Zhao J, Saidi WA, Prezhdo OV. Accurate Computation of Nonadiabatic Coupling with Projector Augmented-Wave Pseudopotentials. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10073-10080. [PMID: 33179939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Synergy of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics with real-time time-dependent density functional theory has led to significant progress in modeling excited-state dynamics in nanoscale and condensed matter systems over the past decade. Nonadiabatic coupling (NAC) is the central quantity in such simulations, and its accurate and efficient evaluation is an enduring challenge in time-dependent Kohn-Sham theory, particularly in conjunction with planewave basis sets and projector augmented-wave (PAW) pseudopotentials because of the complexity of the PAW "all-electron" wave function. We report a method for rigorous evaluation of the NAC with PAW wave functions and demonstrate an efficient approximation to the rigorous NAC that gives comparable accuracy. As a validation, we intensely examine the NAC matrix elements calculated using both pseudo- and all-electron wave functions under the PAW formalism in six representative systems. The approximate NAC obtained with pseudowave functions is close to the exact all-electron NAC, with the largest deviations observed when subshell d-electrons are involved in the transitions. The developed approach provides a rigorous and convenient methodology for the numerical computation of NAC in the Kohn-Sham theory framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Chu
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Qijing Zheng
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Alexey V Akimov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Wissam A Saidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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25
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Abstract
When nonadiabatic dynamics are described on the basis of trajectories, severe trajectory branching occurs when the nuclear wave packets on some potential energy surfaces are reflected while those on the remaining surfaces are not. As a result, the traditional Ehrenfest mean field (EMF) approximation breaks down. In this study, two versions of the branching corrected mean field (BCMF) method are proposed. Namely, when trajectory branching is identified, BCMF stochastically selects either the reflected or the nonreflected group to build the new mean field trajectory or splits the mean field trajectory into two new trajectories with the corresponding weights. As benchmarked in six standard model systems and an extensive model base with two hundred diverse scattering models, BCMF significantly improves the accuracy while retaining the high efficiency of the traditional EMF. In fact, BCMF closely reproduces the exact quantum dynamics in all investigated systems, thus highlighting the essential role of branching correction in nonadiabatic dynamics simulations of general systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabo Xu
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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26
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Xiao BY, Xu JB, Wang LJ. New energy-based decoherence correction approaches for trajectory surface hopping. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2006098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-yang Xiao
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jia-bo Xu
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lin-jun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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27
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Shuai Z, Li W, Ren J, Jiang Y, Geng H. Applying Marcus theory to describe the carrier transports in organic semiconductors: Limitations and beyond. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:080902. [PMID: 32872875 DOI: 10.1063/5.0018312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Marcus theory has been successfully applied to molecular design for organic semiconductors with the aid of quantum chemistry calculations for the molecular parameters: the intermolecular electronic coupling V and the intramolecular charge reorganization energy λ. The assumption behind this is the localized nature of the electronic state for representing the charge carriers, being holes or electrons. As far as the quantitative description of carrier mobility is concerned, the direct application of Marcus semiclassical theory usually led to underestimation of the experimental data. A number of effects going beyond such a semiclassical description will be introduced here, including the quantum nuclear effect, dynamic disorder, and delocalization effects. The recently developed quantum dynamics simulation at the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group theory is briefly discussed. The latter was shown to be a quickly emerging efficient quantum dynamics method for the complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Shuai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weitang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100084 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, 100048 Beijing, People's Republic of China
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28
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Cheng K, Wang H, Bang J, West D, Zhao J, Zhang S. Carrier Dynamics and Transfer across the CdS/MoS 2 Interface upon Optical Excitation. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6544-6550. [PMID: 32693591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carrier dynamics across the interface of heterostructures have important technological, photovoltaic, and catalytic implications. Using first-principles time-dependent density functional theory, we have systematically investigated the charge transfer of excited carriers from CdS to MoS2 and found that two interdependent mechanisms are responsible for the transfer, one slow and one fast. While the slower process may be attributed to typical electron-phonon coupling, the interfacial dipole resulting from this transfer enables a fast secondary process involving a level crossing of the excited carrier state in CdS with receiving states in MoS2. An analysis based on the interfacial binding energy reveals that the Cd-terminated (001) interface is by far the most energetically favorable, which in addition to its calculated fast resonant electron transfer suggests it is a good candidate to explain the experimentally observed charge transfer between CdS and MoS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Junhyeok Bang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Damien West
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shengbai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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29
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Prodhan S, Qiu J, Ricci M, Roscioni OM, Wang L, Beljonne D. Design Rules to Maximize Charge-Carrier Mobility along Conjugated Polymer Chains. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6519-6525. [PMID: 32692920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of polymeric materials displaying high charge-carrier mobility values despite poor interchain structural order has spawned a renewal of interest in the identification of structure-property relationships pertaining to the transport of charges along conjugated polymer chains and the subsequent design of optimized architectures. Here, we present the results of intrachain charge transport simulations obtained by applying a robust surface hopping algorithm to a phenomenological Hamiltonian parametrized against first-principles simulations. Conformational effects are shown to provide a clear signature in the temperature-dependent charge-carrier mobility that complies with recent experimental observations. We further contrast against molecular crystals the evolution with electronic bandwidth and electron-phonon interactions of the room-temperature mobility in polymers, showing that intrachain charge-carrier mobility values in excess of 100 cm2/(V s) can be achieved through a proper chemical engineering of the backbones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryoday Prodhan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Jing Qiu
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | | | | | - Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
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30
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Nematiaram T, Troisi A. Modeling charge transport in high-mobility molecular semiconductors: Balancing electronic structure and quantum dynamics methods with the help of experiments. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:190902. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0008357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Nematiaram
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Troisi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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31
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Campetella M, Sanz García J. Following the evolution of excited states along photochemical reaction pathways. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:1156-1164. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Campetella
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, UMR7588 F‐75005 Paris France
| | - Juan Sanz García
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, UPMC Paris 06, UMR7616 F‐75005 Paris France
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Xie W, Holub D, Kubař T, Elstner M. Performance of Mixed Quantum-Classical Approaches on Modeling the Crossover from Hopping to Bandlike Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:2071-2084. [PMID: 32176844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, several mixed quantum-classical (MQC) methods are applied to on-the-fly nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations of hole transport in molecular organic semiconductors (OSCs). The tested MQC methods contain the mean-field Ehrenfest (MFE), trajectory surface hopping (TSH) approaches based on Tully's fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) and the global flux surface hopping (GFSH), the latter in the diabatic/adiabatic representation, and a Landau-Zener type trajectory surface hopping (LZSH). We also tested several correction schemes which were proposed to identify trivial crossings and to remove unphysical long-range charge transfers due to decoherence corrections. In addition, several cost-effective approaches for the nuclear velocity adjustment after an energy-allowed/energy-forbidden hop are investigated with respect to detailed balance and internal consistency conditions. To model a broad spectrum of OSCs with different charge transport characteristics, we derived from the anthracene structural model the construction of two additional models by uniformly scaling down the electronic couplings by the factors of 0.1 and 0.5. Anthracene shows a bandlike charge transport mechanism, characterized by slightly delocalized charge carriers 'diffusing' through the crystal. For smaller couplings, the mechanism changes to a hopping type, characteristically differing in the charge delocalization and temperature dependence. The MFE and corrected adiabatic TSH approaches are able to quantitatively reproduce the expected behavior, while the diabatic LZSH method fails for large couplings, as do approaches which are based on the hopping of localized charge between neighboring sites. Moreover, we find that while the hole mobility of the anthracene crystal simulated using the celebrated Marcus theory is in good agreement with the experimental value, its agreement has to be regarded as an accident due to the overestimation of the prefactor in the Marcus rate equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xie
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Daniel Holub
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tomáš Kubař
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marcus Elstner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Smith B, Akimov AV. Modeling nonadiabatic dynamics in condensed matter materials: some recent advances and applications. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:073001. [PMID: 31661681 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab5246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent developments in the field of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NA-MD), with particular attention given to condensed-matter systems. NA-MD simulations for small molecular systems can be performed using high-level electronic structure (ES) calculations, methods accounting for the quantization of nuclear motion, and using fewer approximations in the dynamical methodology itself. Modeling condensed-matter systems imposes many limitations on various aspects of NA-MD computations, requiring approximations at various levels of theory-from the ES, to the ways in which the coupling of electrons and nuclei are accounted for. Nonetheless, the approximate treatment of NA-MD in condensed-phase materials has gained a spin lately in many applied studies. A number of advancements of the methodology and computational tools have been undertaken, including general-purpose methods, as well as those tailored to nanoscale and condensed matter systems. This review summarizes such methodological and software developments, puts them into the broader context of existing approaches, and highlights some of the challenges that remain to be solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States of America
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Chu W, Zheng Q, Prezhdo OV, Zhao J. CO2 Photoreduction on Metal Oxide Surface Is Driven by Transient Capture of Hot Electrons: Ab Initio Quantum Dynamics Simulation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3214-3221. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Chu
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Qijing Zheng
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jin Zhao
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Carof A, Giannini S, Blumberger J. How to calculate charge mobility in molecular materials from surface hopping non-adiabatic molecular dynamics - beyond the hopping/band paradigm. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:26368-26386. [PMID: 31793569 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04770k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Charge transport in high mobility organic semiconductors is in an intermediate regime between small polaron hopping and band transport limits. We have recently shown that surface hopping non-adiabatic molecular dynamics is a powerful method for prediction of charge transport mechanisms in organic materials and for near-quantitative prediction of charge mobilities at room temperature where the effects of nuclear zero-point motion and tunneling are still relatively small [S. Giannini et al., Nat. Commun., 2019, 10, 3843]. Here we assess and critically discuss the extensions to Tully's original method that have led to this success: (i) correction for missing electronic decoherence, (ii) detection of trivial crossings and (iii) removal of decoherence correction-induced spurious charge transfer. If any one of these corrections is not included, the charge mobility diverges with system size, each for different physical reasons. Yet if they are included, convergence with system size, detailed balance and good internal consistency are achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Carof
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Samuele Giannini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Jochen Blumberger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. and Institute for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 2 a, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Wang L, Qiu J, Bai X, Xu J. Surface hopping methods for nonadiabatic dynamics in extended systems. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High‐Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jing Qiu
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High‐Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Xin Bai
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High‐Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jiabo Xu
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High‐Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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Li W, Long R, Tang J, Prezhdo OV. Influence of Defects on Excited-State Dynamics in Lead Halide Perovskites: Time-Domain ab Initio Studies. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3788-3804. [PMID: 31244263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective summarizes recent research into the excited-state dynamics in lead halide perovskites that are of paramount importance for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications. Nonadiabatic molecular dynamics combined with time-domain ab initio density functional theory allows one to mimic time-resolved spectroscopy experiments at the atomistic level of detail. The focus is placed on realistic aspects of perovskite materials, including point defects, surfaces, grain boundaries, mixed stoichiometries, dopants, and interfaces. The atomistic description of the quantum dynamics of electron and hole trapping and recombination, provided by the time-domain ab initio simulations, generates important insights into the mechanisms of charge and energy losses and guides the development of high-performance perovskite solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , People's Republic of China
| | - Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- College of Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , People's Republic of China
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
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Sapunar M, Piteša T, Davidović D, Došlić N. Highly Efficient Algorithms for CIS Type Excited State Wave Function Overlaps. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:3461-3469. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marin Sapunar
- Centre for Informatics and Computing, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Piteša
- Centre for Informatics and Computing, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Davor Davidović
- Centre for Informatics and Computing, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Nadja Došlić
- Centre for Informatics and Computing, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
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Peng J, Xie Y, Hu D, Lan Z. Performance of trajectory surface hopping method in the treatment of ultrafast intersystem crossing dynamics. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:164126. [PMID: 31042919 DOI: 10.1063/1.5079426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We carried out extensive studies to examine the performance of the fewest-switches surface hopping method in the description of the ultrafast intersystem crossing dynamic of various singlet-triplet (S-T) models by comparison with the results of the exact full quantum dynamics. Different implementation details and some derivative approaches were examined. As expected, it is better to perform the trajectory surface hopping calculations in the spin-adiabatic representation or by the local diabatization approach, instead of in the spin-diabatic representation. The surface hopping method provides reasonable results for the short-time dynamics in the S-T model with weak spin-orbital coupling (diabatic coupling), although it does not perform well in the models with strong spin-orbital coupling (diabatic coupling). When the system accesses the S-T potential energy crossing with rather high kinetic energy, the trajectory surface hopping method tends to produce a good description of the nonadiabatic intersystem crossing dynamics. The impact of the decoherence correction on the performance of the trajectory surface hopping is system dependent. It improves the result accuracy in many cases, while its influence may also be minor for other cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety and MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety and MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Deping Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety and MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, SCNU Environmental Research Institute, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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40
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Xu J, Wang L. Branching corrected surface hopping: Resetting wavefunction coefficients based on judgement of wave packet reflection. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:164101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5090927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabo Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry of Novel and High-Performance Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry of Novel and High-Performance Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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41
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Abstract
We present a subspace surface hopping strategy to deal with complex surface crossings in nonadiabatic dynamics. By focusing on only important adiabatic states, we make subspace crossing correction (SCC) in the framework of the standard fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) and the global flux surface hopping (GFSH). The resulting SCC-FSSH and SCC-GFSH approaches show much better performance than the counterparts using all adiabatic states for surface hopping. As demonstrated in a series of Holstein models with up to over 1000 molecular sites, both SCC-FSSH and SCC-GFSH show excellent size independence with a large time step size of 1 fs. Especially, SCC-GFSH does not refer to nonadiabatic couplings at all and gives a more proper description of superexchange, and thus, it is promising for realistic applications with complex potential energy surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiu
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials , and Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Xin Bai
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials , and Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials , and Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
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42
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Akimov AV. A Simple Phase Correction Makes a Big Difference in Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6096-6102. [PMID: 30286602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The outcomes of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NA-MD) calculations are modulated by the parameters entering the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TD-SE). The adiabatic states are commonly used as the basis in which the TD-SE is integrated. However, the phase inconsistencies of such states along the nuclear trajectories obtained in NA-MD simulations may render the wave function and other relevant properties ill-behaving, adversely affecting the dynamics. This work illustrates the consequence of adiabatic state phase inconsistencies in nonadiabatic Ehrenfest dynamics. A simple phase-correction approach is proposed and is demonstrated to alter the dynamics to make it consistent with the reference calculations done in the phase-consistent diabatic representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Akimov
- Department of Chemistry , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260 , United States
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