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Yan ST, Xu XL, Xu HG, Zheng WJ. Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Bimetallic Oxide Clusters YCu 2O n-/0 ( n = 2-5). J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6067-6079. [PMID: 36043908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structural and electronic properties of bimetallic oxide clusters, YCu2On- and YCu2On (n = 2-5), are investigated using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The experimental vertical detachment energies of YCu2O2-, YCu2O3-, YCu2O4-, and YCu2O5- were measured to be 1.59, 1.76, 3.85, and 3.78 eV, respectively. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra have been obtained for YCu2O2-, with a spacing of 726 ± 80 cm-1 assigned to the Y-O stretching vibrational mode. It is found that YCu2O2- and YCu2O2 have C2v symmetric planar five-membered ring structures. YCu2O3- and YCu2O3 have C2v symmetric planar six-membered ring structures. The most stable structure of YCu2O4- is a quasi-planar structure which can be viewed as one O atom interacting with the Y atom of the YCu2O3 six-membered ring, while the most stable structure of YCu2O4 is a planar seven-membered ring. YCu2O5- and YCu2O5 have nonplanar structures, which can be viewed as an O2 unit interacting with the Y atom of the YCu2O3 six-membered ring. In YCu2O3,4,5-/0, the Y-O and Cu-O bonds are dominant, while the Y-Cu and Cu-Cu interactions are weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Ting Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Shi J, Huang S, Gygi F, Whitmer JK. Free-Energy Landscape and Isomerization Rates of Au 4 Clusters at Finite Temperatures. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3392-3400. [PMID: 35584205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In metallic nanoparticles, the geometry of atomic positions controls the particle's electronic band structure, polarizability, and catalytic properties. Analyzing the structural properties is a complex problem; the structure of an assembled cluster changes from moment to moment due to thermal fluctuations. Conventional structural analyses based on spectroscopy or diffraction cannot determine the instantaneous structure exactly and can merely provide an averaged structure. Molecular simulations offer an opportunity to examine the assembly and evolution of metallic clusters, as the preferred assemblies and conformations can easily be visualized and explored. Here, we utilize the adaptive biasing force algorithm applied to first-principles molecular dynamics to demonstrate the exploration of a relatively simple system, which permits a comprehensive study of the small metal cluster Au4 in both neutral and charged configurations. Our simulation work offers a quantitative understanding of these clusters' dynamic structure, which is significant for single-site catalytic reactions on metal clusters and provides a starting point for a detailed quantitative understanding of more complex pure metal and alloy clusters' dynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Shi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Shanghui Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - François Gygi
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jonathan K Whitmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Yang B, Xu XL, Zheng WJ, Xu HG. Structural Evolution and Bonding Properties of Cr 2Si n- ( n = 1-12) Clusters: Mass-Selected Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1182-1193. [PMID: 35167285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the structural characteristics and bonding properties of Cr2Sin- (n = 1-12) clusters by using anion photoelectron spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations. The experimental and theoretical results reveal that Cr atoms of the most stable structures of Cr2Sin- clusters with n < 8 are located at the surface, while the most stable structures of Cr2Sin- clusters with n ≥ 8 have one Cr encapsulated in the cage consisting of the other Cr atom and the Si atoms. The Cr-Cr interaction in the most stable structures of Cr2Sin- clusters is strong, except that the Cr-Cr interaction in the lowest lying isomer of the Cr2Si5- cluster is weak. The structure of Cr2Si6- can be viewed as the Cr2 surrounded by a chair-shaped silicon six-membered ring with the C2h symmetry. Cr2Si12- has a C6v symmetric antihexagonal prism structure with two Cr atoms located at the center and the surface of the Si12 cage, respectively. The magnetic moments of Cr2Sin- are 1 μB except that the magnetic moment of Cr2Si5- is 9 μB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Deibert D, Khetrapal NS, Zeng XC. Large-Sized Au n- Core-Shell Clusters ( n = 61-66): Enduring Structure of the Icosahedral Au 13 Core. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1389-1397. [PMID: 35113571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Large-sized gold Aun- anion clusters exhibit structural characteristics drastically different from other coinage metals. Typically, coinage metal nanoclusters exhibit a 13-atom icosahedral core at the cluster size of 55. Gold clusters, contrarily, do not entail this core until the size reaches 60. Here, we investigated the robustness of the icosahedral core within the large-sized Aun- anion clusters. We found that the icosahedral core persists over the size of range of n = 61-66. To adapt the exceptional robustness of the icosahedral core, the shells of the clusters tend to undergo notable structural deformations with polygonal defects. As the cluster size increases from 61 to 66, the core starts to become distorted at n = 64 and the space between the core and shell becomes enlarged. To our knowledge, this is the first theoretical study that provides the simulated photoelectron spectra of the two largest sized gold clusters: Au65- and Au66-.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Deibert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska─Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Navneet Singh Khetrapal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska─Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska─Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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Liu W, Huang L, Hu J, Xing X. Various Bond Interactions between NO and Anionic Gold Clusters: A Theoretical Calculation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:13641-13650. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05213f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We studied the electronic and geometrical structures of AunNO- (n = 1-20) using the B3LYP method with relatively large basis sets to understand the size dependent reactivities of Aun- with...
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Khetrapal NS, Deibert D, Pal R, Cheung LF, Wang LS, Zeng XC. How O 2-Binding Affects Structural Evolution of Medium Even-Sized Gold Clusters Au n- ( n = 20-34). J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3560-3570. [PMID: 33819049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the first joint anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical study on how O2-binding affects the structures of medium even-sized gold clusters, Aun- (n = 20-34), a special size region that entails a variety of distinct structures. Under the temperature conditions in the current photoelectron spectroscopy experiment, O2-bound gold clusters were observed only for n = 22-24 and 34. Nevertheless, O2 binding with the clusters in the size range of n = 20-34 can be still predicted based on the obtained global-minimum structures. Consequently, a series of structural transitions, from the pyramidal to fused-planar to core-shell structures, are either identified or predicted for the AunO2- clusters, where the O2-binding is in either superoxo or peroxo fashion. The identified global-minimum structures of AunO2- (n = 20-34) also allow us to gain improved understanding of why the clusters Aun- (n = 26-32) are less reactive with O2 in comparison to others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Singh Khetrapal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - David Deibert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Rhitankar Pal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Ling Fung Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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Li H, Zhao H, Xie Z, Li C, bai C. Stability and catalytic activity of Au30M12 (M = Au, Ag, Cu, Pt) icosahedral clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.138186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhao Y, Wang J, Huang HC, Li J, Dong XX, Chen J, Bu YX, Cheng SB. Tuning the Electronic Properties and Performance of Low-Temperature CO Oxidation of the Gold Cluster by Oriented External Electronic Field. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1093-1099. [PMID: 31967837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional electronic rules, including Jellium and Wade-Mingos rules and so on, have long been successfully dedicated to design superatoms. These rules, however, rely on altering the intrinsic properties, for example, the compositions or the number of valence electrons, of clusters, which is relatively complicated and inconvenient to manipulate, especially in experiments. Herein, by employing density functional theory calculations, the oriented external electric field (OEEF) was demonstrated to possess the capability of precisely and continuously regulating the electronic properties of clusters at will, representing a novel and noninvasive methodology in constructing stable superatoms because it hardly changes the geometries of clusters. More interestingly, the active sites formed by the charge redistribution upon the introduction of an OEEF could significantly promote the catalytic performance of the low-temperature CO oxidation over clusters. Considering the convenient source of the OEEF, the findings highlighted here may boost the potential applications of superatom-assembly nanomaterials in catalysis and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Cai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Shandong University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xiang Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Qufu Normal University , Qufu 273165 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Bo Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Shandong University , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , People's Republic of China
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Zhao J, Li Q, Zhuang S, Song Y, Morris DJ, Zhou M, Wu Z, Zhang P, Jin R. Reversible Control of Chemoselectivity in Au 38(SR) 24 Nanocluster-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzaldehyde Derivatives. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:7173-7179. [PMID: 30537840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemoselective hydrogenation of nitrobenzaldehyde derivatives is one of the important catalytic processes being studied in hydrogenation catalysis. In this work, we report for the first time the catalytic reaction over atomically precise gold nanocluster catalysts (Au25, Au38, Au52, and Au144) using potassium formate as the hydrogen source. A complete selectivity for hydrogenation of the aldehyde group, instead of the nitro group, is obtained. A distinct dependence on the size of nanocluster catalysts is also observed, in which the Au38(SCH2CH2Ph)24 gives rise to the highest catalytic activity. The catalyst also shows good versatility and recyclability. Interestingly, the ligand-off nanocluster changes its catalytic selectivity to the nitro hydrogenation, which is in contrast with the ligand-on catalyst. In addition, the selectivity can be restored by treating the ligand-off nanocluster catalyst with thiol. This reversible control of chemoselectivity is remarkable and may stimulate future work on the exploitation of such nanoclusters for hydrogenation catalysis with control over selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhao
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Shengli Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics , Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031 , China
| | - Yongbo Song
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - David J Morris
- Department of Chemistry , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3R 4J2 , Canada
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Zhikun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics , Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031 , China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3R 4J2 , Canada
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
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