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Khan ZU, Uchiyama MK, Khan LU, Araki K, Goto H, Felinto MCFC, de Souza AO, de Brito HF, Gidlund M. Wide visible-range activatable fluorescence ZnSe:Eu 3+/Mn 2+@ZnS quantum dots: local atomic structure order and application as a nanoprobe for bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2021; 10:247-261. [PMID: 34878486 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01870a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of QDs-based fluorescent bionanoprobe for cellular imaging fundamentally relies upon the precise knowledge of particle-cell interaction, optical properties of QDs inside and outside of the cell, movement of a particle in and out of the cell, and the fate of particle. We reported engineering and physicochemical characterization of water-dispersible Eu3+/Mn2+ co-doped ZnSe@ZnS core/shell QDs and studied their potential as a bionanoprobe for biomedical applications, evaluating their biocompatibility, fluorescence behaviour by CytoViva dual mode fluorescence imaging, time-dependent uptake, endocytosis and exocytosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The oxidation state and local atomic structure of the Eu dopant studied by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis manifested that the Eu3+ ions occupied sites in both ZnSe and ZnS lattices for the core/shell QDs. A novel approach was developed to relieve the excitation constraint of wide bandgap ZnSe by co-incorporation of Eu3+/Mn2+ codopants, enabling the QDs to be excited at a wide UV-visible range. The QDs displayed tunable emission colors by a gradual increase in Eu3+ concentration at a fixed amount of Mn2+, systematically enhancing the Mn2+ emission intensity via energy transfer from the Eu3+ to Mn2+ ion. The ZnSe:Eu3+/Mn2+@ZnS QDs presented high cell viability above 85% and induced no cell activation. The detailed analyses of QDs-treated cells by dual mode fluorescence CytoViva microscopy confirmed the systematic color-tunable fluorescence and its intensity enhances as a function of incubation time. The QDs were internalized by the cells predominantly via macropinocytosis and other lipid raft-mediated endocytic pathways, retaining an efficient amount for 24 h. The unique color tunability and consistent high intensity emission make these QDs useful for developing a multiplex fluorescent bionanoprobe, activatable in wide-visible region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Ullah Khan
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences-IV, University of São Paulo (USP), Zip Code 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Zip Code 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara Klimuk Uchiyama
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Zip Code 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Latif Ullah Khan
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Zip Code 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East (SESAME), P.O. Box 7, Allan 19252, Jordan.
| | - Koiti Araki
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Zip Code 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hiro Goto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), Zip Code 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Olivia de Souza
- Development and Innovation Laboratory, Butantan Institute, Zip Code 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hermi Felinto de Brito
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Zip Code 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Magnus Gidlund
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences-IV, University of São Paulo (USP), Zip Code 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Marin R, Jaque D, Benayas A. Switching to the brighter lane: pathways to boost the absorption of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:209-230. [PMID: 33463649 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00627k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped nanoparticles (LNPs) are speedily colonizing several research fields, such as biological (multimodal) imaging, photodynamic therapy, volumetric encoding displays, and photovoltaics. Yet, the electronic transitions of lanthanide ions obey the Laporte rule, which dramatically hampers their light absorption capabilities. As a result, the brightness of these species is severely restricted. This intrinsic poor absorption capability is the fundamental obstacle for untapping the full potential of LNPs in several of the aforementioned fields. Among others, three of the most promising physicochemical approaches that have arisen during last two decades to face the challenges of increasing LNP absorption are plasmonic enhancement, organic-dye sensitization, and coupling with semiconductors. The fundamental basis, remarkable highlights, and comparative achievements of each of these pathways for absorption enhancement are critically discussed in this minireview, which also includes a detailed discussion of the exciting perspectives ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Marin
- Fluorescence Imaging Group (FIG), Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain.
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Marin R, Jaque D. Doping Lanthanide Ions in Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Brighter Photoluminescence. Chem Rev 2020; 121:1425-1462. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Marin
- Fluorescence Imaging Group (FIG), Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Daniel Jaque
- Fluorescence Imaging Group (FIG), Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación, Sanitaria Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. De Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Makkar M, Prakash G, Viswanatha R. Crystal Facet Engineering of CoPt Quantum Dots for Diverse Colloidal Heterostructures. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6742-6748. [PMID: 32787223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Precise control of crystal orientation, and specifically the exposed surface, is critical for the engineering of heterostructures. Here, using CoPt as a model system, we explore the energetics to expose suitable facets to promote the required heterostructure formation. Different heterostructures are grown ranging from core/shell structure, diffused interface, dumbbell structured dimers, and embedded island structures wherein these hybrids are fabricated via micro/macrolevel facet-selective growth. The reaction conditions used to achieve such diversity starting from the same seed offer insights into the growth mechanisms of these heterostructures. Such a microscopic understanding of surface chemistry paves the way for the design of new heterostructures with exciting properties.
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