Upregulation of TDRD1 Promotes the Sexual Maturation in Allotetraploids Hybridized from Red Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus Red var) (♀) and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L) (♂)

H3K4me2 cooperates with Wnt/TCF7L2 to regulate TDRD1 and promote chicken spermatogonia stem cell formation

Spermatogonia Stem Cells (SSCs) are the basis of spermatogenesis. In the poultry industry, asthenospermia and azoospermia in roosters seriously reduce economic benefits. In this study, we explored SSCs formation mechanisms in detail. TDRD1, which is a downstream target gene of TCF7L2 and is modified by histone methylation, was screened through multiomics analysis. Functionally, RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and indirect immunofluorescence results showed that H3K4me2 regulated TDRD1 to promote SSCs formation both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, ChIP-qPCR and dual luciferase assays showed that H3K4me2 was enriched in the -800 to 0 bp region of the TDRD1 promoter and positively regulated TDRD1 transcription to promote SSCs formation. Interestingly, in mechanistic terms, dual luciferase assays showed that TDRD1 transcription levels were significantly decreased after co-transfection with dCas9-LSD1-P1/P2/P3 and OETCF7L2, while TDRD1 transcript levels were not significantly altered after transfecting dCas9-LSD1-P4 and OETCF7L2. These results suggested that H3K4me2 enrichment in P1, P2, and P3 of the TDRD1 promoter promotes TDRD1 transcription by reducing enrichment of TCF7L2. This study explored the specific regulatory mechanisms involving the Wnt signaling pathway, H3K4me2, and TDRD1, enriched the regulatory network regulating the formation of SSCs, and laid a theoretical foundation for the specific application of SSCs.

Species and tissue specific analysis based on quantitative proteomics from allotetraploid and the parents

Allotetraploids play central roles in the field of polyploid breeding of freshwater fishes. The molecular basis underlying distant hybridization and individual differences between allotetraploids and their parents is largely unknown. In this study, we performed quantitative proteomics profiling in gonad and liver tissues between allotetraploid and its parents Red Crucian Carp (♀) and Common Carp (♂) respectively. Thousands of proteins were identified and quantified. Species and tissue specific analysis revealed that a large number of causal proteins are specifically regulated in gonad or liver tissue in allotetraploid and its parents respectively. Subsequently, integrative bioinformatics analyses including functional enrichment, pathway and network analyses were conducted. The results suggested a series of gonad and liver specifically regulated proteins such as LSM3, LSM7, PABPC1B and ALDH3A1, EHHADHB, ACAT2 play crucial roles in reproduction-related and metabolism-related pathways including "DNA replication", "Spliceosome" and "Metabolic pathways", "Biosynthesis of antibiotics". Meanwhile, species specifically regulated proteins such as FMR1, MAO are involved in "RNA transport", "Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism". Herein, we established the first comprehensive proteomics knowledgebase for particular freshwater fishes. It may shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying polyploidy breeding and individual differences and serve as an indispensable reference for further studies. SIGNIFICANCE: The molecular basis underlying distant hybridization and individual differences between allotetraploid and their parents Red Crucian Carp and Common Carp is largely unknown. Quantitative proteomics profiling integrated with multiple bioinformatics analysis revealed that a large number of causal proteins are specifically expressed in gonad or liver tissue in allotetraploid and its parents. Herein, we established the first comprehensive proteomics knowledgebase for particular freshwater fishes. It may shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying polyploidy breeding and individual differences and serve as an indispensable reference for further associated studies.