1
|
Miki T, Yamamoto S, Liu C, Torikai K, Kinoshita M, Matsumori N, Kawai T. Highly sensitive two-dimensional profiling of N-linked glycans by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and dual stacking capillary gel electrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1320:342990. [PMID: 39142768 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-Glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications in proteins. As the N-glycan profiles in biological samples are diverse and change according to the pathological condition, various profiling methods have been developed, such as liquid chromatography (LC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and mass spectrometry. However, conventional analytical methods have limitations in sensitivity and/or resolution, hindering the discovery of minor but specific N-glycans that are important both in the basic glycobiology research and in the medical application as biomarkers. Therefore, a highly sensitive and high-resolution N-glycan profiling method is required. RESULTS In this study, we developed a novel two-dimensional (2D) separation system, which couples hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) with capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) via large-volume dual preconcentration by isotachophoresis and stacking (LDIS). Owing to the efficient preconcentration efficiency of LDIS, limit of detection reached 12 pM (60 amol, S/N = 3) with good calibration curve linearity (R2 > 0.999) in the 2D analysis of maltoheptaose. Finally, 2D profiling of N-glycans obtained from standard glycoproteins and cell lysates were demonstrated. High-resolution 2D profiles were successfully obtained by data alignment using triple internal standards. N-glycans were well distributed on the HILIC/CGE 2D plane based on the glycan size, number of sialic acids, linkage type, and so on. As a result, specific minor glycans were successfully identified in HepG2 and HeLa cell lysates. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY In conclusion, the HILIC/CGE 2D analysis method showed sufficient sensitivity and resolution for identifying minor but specific N-glycans from complicated cellular samples, indicating the potential as a next-generation N-glycomics tool. Our novel approach for coupling LC and CE can also dramatically improve the sensitivity in other separation modes, which can be a new standard of 2D bioanalysis applicable not only to glycans, but also to other diverse biomolecules such as metabolites, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Miki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Sachio Yamamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kohei Torikai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, 4 University Str., Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kinoshita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsumori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kawai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-2-4 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0874, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao R, Wang C, Li F, Zeng Z, Hu Y, Dong X. Elevated level of multibranched complex glycan reveals an allergic tolerance status. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:40. [PMID: 38849742 PMCID: PMC11161957 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09491-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying therapy that can achieve immune tolerance in patients through long-term allergen stimulation. Glycans play crucial roles in allergic disease, but no information on changes in glycosylation related to an allergic tolerance status has been reported. METHODS Fifty-seven patients with house dust mite (HDM) allergies were enrolled. Twenty-eight patients were not treated with AIT, 19 patients had just entered the AIT maintenance treatment phase, and 10 patients had been in the AIT maintenance phase for more than 1 year. Serum protein N-glycans were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), which included linkage-specific sialylation information. RESULTS Eighty-four N-glycans were identified in all three groups. Compared with the patients treated without AIT, the patients treated with AIT for a shorter time showed downregulated expression of high-mannose glycans and upregulated expression of α2,6 sialic acid. The patients treated with AIT in the maintenance phase for over 1 year, which was considered the start of immunological tolerance, showed downregulated expression of biantennary N-glycans and upregulated expression of multibranched and complex N-glycans. Nine N-glycans were changed between allergic and allergic-tolerant patients. CONCLUSIONS The glycan form changed from mannose to a more complex type as treatment time increased, and multibranched complex glycans have the potential to be used as a monitoring indicator of immune tolerance. This serum N-glycome analysis provided important information for a deeper understanding of AIT treatment at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Feidie Li
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zeyu Zeng
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yijing Hu
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Department of Respiration, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Rd Shanghai, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and Developmental Molecular Biology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu K, Wu C, Zhu M, Xu J, Lin B, Lin H, Liu Z, Li M. Structural characteristics of alpha-fetoprotein, including N-glycosylation, metal ion and fatty acid binding sites. Commun Biol 2024; 7:505. [PMID: 38678117 PMCID: PMC11055904 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a serum glycoprotein, is expressed during embryonic development and the pathogenesis of liver cancer. It serves as a clinical tumor marker, function as a carcinogen, immune suppressor, and transport vehicle; but the detailed AFP structural information has not yet been reported. In this study, we used single-particle cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM) to analyze the structure of the recombinant AFP obtained a 3.31 Å cryo-EM structure and built an atomic model of AFP. We observed and identified certain structural features of AFP, including N-glycosylation at Asn251, four natural fatty acids bound to distinct domains, and the coordination of metal ions by residues His22, His264, His268, and Asp280. Furthermore, we compared the structural similarities and differences between AFP and human serum albumin. The elucidation of AFP's structural characteristics not only contributes to a deeper understanding of its functional mechanisms, but also provides a structural basis for developing AFP-based drug vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Cang Wu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Junnv Xu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570023, Hainan, PR China
| | - Bo Lin
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Haifeng Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570023, Hainan, PR China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China.
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China.
- Institution of Tumor, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570102, Hainan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
He K, Baniasad M, Kwon H, Caval T, Xu G, Lebrilla C, Hommes DW, Bertozzi C. Decoding the glycoproteome: a new frontier for biomarker discovery in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:12. [PMID: 38515194 PMCID: PMC10958865 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer early detection and treatment response prediction continue to pose significant challenges. Cancer liquid biopsies focusing on detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and DNA (ctDNA) have shown enormous potential due to their non-invasive nature and the implications in precision cancer management. Recently, liquid biopsy has been further expanded to profile glycoproteins, which are the products of post-translational modifications of proteins and play key roles in both normal and pathological processes, including cancers. The advancements in chemical and mass spectrometry-based technologies and artificial intelligence-based platforms have enabled extensive studies of cancer and organ-specific changes in glycans and glycoproteins through glycomics and glycoproteomics. Glycoproteomic analysis has emerged as a promising tool for biomarker discovery and development in early detection of cancers and prediction of treatment efficacy including response to immunotherapies. These biomarkers could play a crucial role in aiding in early intervention and personalized therapy decisions. In this review, we summarize the significant advance in cancer glycoproteomic biomarker studies and the promise and challenges in integration into clinical practice to improve cancer patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai He
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
| | | | - Hyunwoo Kwon
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | | | - Gege Xu
- InterVenn Biosciences, South San Francisco, USA
| | - Carlito Lebrilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang C, Xiao X, Zhou L, Chen F, Wang J, Hu X, Gao C. Chinese expert consensus statement on the clinical application of AFP/AFP-L3%/DCP using GALAD and GALAD-like algorithm in HCC. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24990. [PMID: 38063322 PMCID: PMC10756949 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent world-wide malignancies. Half of the newly developed HCC occurs in China. Optimizing the strategies for high-risk surveillance and early diagnosis are pivotal for improving 5-year survival. Constructing the scientific non-invasive detection technologies feasible for medical and healthcare institutions is among the key routes for elevating the efficacies of HCC identification and follow-up. RESULTS Based on the Chinese and international guidelines, expert consensus statements, literatures and evidence-based clinical practice experiences, this consensus statement puts forward the clinical implications, application subjects, detection techniques and results interpretations of the triple-biomarker (AFP, AFP-L3%, DCP) based GALAD, GALAD like models for liver cancer. CONCLUSIONS The compile of this consensus statement aims to address and push the reasonable application of the triple-biomarker (AFP, AFP-L3%, DCP) detections thus to maximize the clinical benefits and help improving the high risk surveillance, early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenjun Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Laboratory MedicineShanghai Changzheng HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Shanghai Clinical Laboratory CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Chunfang Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bhat SA, Farooq Z, Ismail H, Corona-Avila I, Khan MW. Unraveling the Sweet Secrets of HCC: Glucometabolic Rewiring in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231219434. [PMID: 38083797 PMCID: PMC10718058 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231219434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the primary form of liver cancer. It causes ∼ 800 000 deaths per year, which is expected to increase due to increasing rates of obesity and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Current therapies include immune checkpoint inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies, but these therapies are not satisfactorily effective and often come with multiple side effects and recurrences. Metabolic reprogramming plays a significant role in HCC progression and is often conserved between tumor types. Thus, targeting rewired metabolic pathways could provide an attractive option for targeting tumor cells alone or in conjunction with existing treatments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel targets involved in cancer-mediated metabolic reprogramming in HCC. In this review, we provide an overview of molecular rewiring and metabolic reprogramming of glucose metabolism in HCC to understand better the concepts that might widen the therapeutic window against this deadly cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheraz Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Sri Pratap College, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Zeenat Farooq
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hagar Ismail
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Irene Corona-Avila
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Md. Wasim Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|