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Pei Q, Jiang B, Hao D, Xie Z. Self-assembled nanoformulations of paclitaxel for enhanced cancer theranostics. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3252-3276. [PMID: 37655323 PMCID: PMC10465968 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy has occupied the critical position in cancer therapy, especially towards the post-operative, advanced, recurrent, and metastatic tumors. Paclitaxel (PTX)-based formulations have been widely used in clinical practice, while the therapeutic effect is far from satisfied due to off-target toxicity and drug resistance. The caseless multi-components make the preparation technology complicated and aggravate the concerns with the excipients-associated toxicity. The self-assembled PTX nanoparticles possess a high drug content and could incorporate various functional molecules for enhancing the therapeutic index. In this work, we summarize the self-assembly strategy for diverse nanodrugs of PTX. Then, the advancement of nanodrugs for tumor therapy, especially emphasis on mono-chemotherapy, combinational therapy, and theranostics, have been outlined. Finally, the challenges and potential improvements have been briefly spotlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Bowen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dengyuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Pham T, Plata PL, Zhang P, Vellara A, Bu W, Lin B, Cheng G, Liu Y. Knowledge-Based Design of 5-Fluororacil Prodrug Liposomal Formulation: Molecular Packing and Interaction Revealed by Interfacial Isotherms and X-ray Scattering Techniques. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4331-4340. [PMID: 34739257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prodrugs and nanoformulations are two effective strategies for sustained drug release and targeting drug delivery. In this study, we combined the two strategies to judiciously design the liposome formulation incorporating an amphiphilic prodrug of 5-fouroracil (5-FU), named 5-FCPal, for sustained drug release and enhanced bioavailability. 5-FCPal is an analogue of capecitabine (N4-pentyloxycarbonyl-5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine, Xeloda) by substituting the pentyl group at the N4 position with the palmityl. The amphiphilic molecule of 5-FCPal can self-assemble with the phospholipids to form stable vesicle structures with high drug loading. Although lipid vesicles have been widely studied and commercially used for clinical applications, because of the enormous options of the lipids and the equitable balance of hydrophobicity and bioavailability, it is essential to fundamentally understand the molecular interactions when designing and optimizing the liposomal prodrug formulations. We report the study of using X-ray liquid surface scattering techniques integrated with a Langmuir trough to explicitly reveal the interfacial behavior of the monolayer membrane of 5-FCPal with various saturated and unsaturated lipids with positively charged, neutral, and negatively charged head groups. More specifically, interfacial packing of the molecules was quantified using interfacial isotherms, X-ray reflectivity (XR), and grazing-incidence diffraction (GIXD). The results indicate that the interactions between the prodrug and the cationic lipids are most favorable. The highest drug loading is quantified by increasing the molar ratio of the prodrug until stable monolayer structures were disrupted by the multiple-layer domain of prodrug aggregates. Stable liposomes of 100 nm with 50% drug loading of 5-FCPal were generated based on the findings from the X-ray studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiep Pham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608 United States
| | - Paola Leon Plata
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608 United States
| | - Pin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608 United States
| | - Anand Vellara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608 United States
| | - Wei Bu
- NSF's ChemMatCARS and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Binhua Lin
- NSF's ChemMatCARS and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608 United States
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608 United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.,Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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