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Zhu W, Li B, Liu J, Sun S, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Li C, Sun T, Qin H, Shi J, Shi Z. A Versatile Approach for the Synthesis of Antimicrobial Polymer Brushes on Natural Rubber/Graphene Oxide Composite Films via Surface-Initiated Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization. Molecules 2024; 29:913. [PMID: 38398663 PMCID: PMC10891501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A simple strategy was adopted for the preparation of an antimicrobial natural rubber/graphene oxide (NR/GO) composite film modified through the use of zwitterionic polymer brushes. An NR/GO composite film with antibacterial properties was prepared using a water-based solution-casting method. The composited GO was dispersed uniformly in the NR matrix and compensated for mechanical loss in the process of modification. Based on the high bromination activity of α-H in the structure of cis-polyisoprene, the composite films were brominated on the surface through the use of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) under the irradiation of a 40 W tungsten lamp. Polymerization was carried out on the brominated films using sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) as a monomer via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). The NR/GO composite films modified using polymer brushes (PSBMAs) exhibited 99.99% antimicrobial activity for resistance to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A novel polymer modification strategy for NR composite materials was established effectively, and the enhanced antimicrobial properties expand the application prospects in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Zhu
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Bangsen Li
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Jinrui Liu
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Shishu Sun
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Dashuai Zhang
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Chen Li
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Tianyi Sun
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Huaide Qin
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
| | - Jianjun Shi
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Zaifeng Shi
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
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Choothong N, Kawahara S. BROMINATION OF NR WITH N-BROMOSUCCINIMIDE. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.78980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The mechanism of bromination of NR was studied by solution-state 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The bromination of NR was carried out at 20–50 °C with N-bromosuccinimide as the brominating agent, and the kinetic study of bromination was conducted under nitrogen atmosphere at 30–50 °C for various reaction times. The influence of bromine atom substituent on the bromination rate constant (k) also was investigated. Bromine atom content was found to be dependent upon the reaction time, indicating first-order kinetics. The activation energy of bromination of NR, calculated from the reaction rate constants, was 19.3, 5.5, and 5.8 kJ mol−1 for bromine atom linked to carbon atom with methylene proton and methylene protons, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuorn Choothong
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakornprathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Seiichi Kawahara
- Department of Material Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
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