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Ye P, Xiao J, Fan J, Chen J, Gao N, Yang X. Structural Characterization of Boron Sheets beyond the Monolayer and Implication for Experimental Synthesis and Identification. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:16191-16198. [PMID: 37930136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The successful synthesis of quasi-freestanding bilayer borophene has aroused much attention for its superior physical properties and holds great promise for future electronic devices. Herein, we comprehensively explore six boron sheets beyond the monolayer and structurally characterize them via various methods using first-principles calculations for experimental references. On the basis of atomic models of borophenes, simulated scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images show different morphologies at different bias voltages and are explained by the partial densities of states and the height differences in the vertical direction. Simulated transmission electron microscope images further probe the internal atomic arrangement of boron sheets and compensate for the shortcomings of STM images to better distinguish different phases of boron sheets. The interlayer coupling strength is stronger in bilayer borophenes than in the three-layer system via the electron localization function and Mulliken bond population. In addition, simulated X-ray diffraction and infrared spectra show different characteristic peaks and corresponding vibrational modes to further characterize these boron sheets. These theoretical results can decrease the prime cost and provide vital guidance for the experimental synthesis and identification of boron sheets beyond the monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panbin Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Jingyi Xiao
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Junyu Fan
- Department of Physics, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghuang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Nan Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
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An investigation of halogen induced improvement of β12 borophene for Na/Li storage by density functional theory. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 119:108373. [PMID: 36508891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pristine and halogen doped β12 borophene, as anode of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), was considered by first-principles study based on density functional theory. Li and Na were adsorbed on β12 borophene with adsorption energies of -3.18 eV and -2.33 eV, respectively. The effect of halogen addition, X = F, Cl, Br, and I, to borophene sheet on adsorption and also diffusion pathways of Li and Na was studied. The adsorption energy calculations show that the halogen atoms improve Li/Na adsorption on borophene sheet. Also, the results indicate that Li/Na adsorption energies on Brominated borophene sheet are higher compared to other halogen types. Diffusion calculations show that Br addition induces an electron deficiency on BoBr surface which lowers the energy barrier of migration of Li and Na ions compared to the pristine borophene. According to density of states analysis, electron charge is transferred from Li and Na atoms toward halogenated borophene sheet. Also, it can be concluded that electron transfer from Li/Na to borophene host in BoX is higher compared to pristine borophene which is in agreement with adsorption energies. The fully lithiated/sodiated complexes of BoBr are Li0.71BoBr and Na0.50BoBr which is equivalent to theoretical specific capacities of 1401 and 981 mAh/g which are about 3.5 and 2.6 times higher than graphite for Li and Na adsorption, respectively. Higher specific capacity of Li compared to Na is mainly attributed to steric hindrance of Na regarding its greater size. Open circuit voltage values of 1.6 V and 1.4 V were obtained for Li and Na intercalation processes, respectively, into halogen added β12 borophene indicating that this structure can be applied as anode for both LIB and SIB systems.
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He J, Zheng B, Xie Y, Qian YY, Zhang J, Wang K, Yang L, Yu HT. Effects of adatom species on the structure, stability, and work function of adatom-α-borophene nanocomposites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8923-8939. [PMID: 35373802 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Work function-tunable borophene-based electrode materials are of significant importance because they promote efficient carrier extraction/injection, thereby enabling electronic devices to achieve maximum energy conversion efficiency. Accordingly, determining the work function of adatom-borophene nanocomposites within a series wherein the adatom is systematically changed will facilitate the design of such materials. In this study, we theoretically determined that the M-B bond length, binding energy, electron transfer between adatoms and BBP, and work function (ϕ) are linearly dependent on the ionization potential (IP) and electronegativity for thermodynamically and kinetically stable adatom-α-borophene (M/BBP) systems involving a series of alkali (earth) metal/BBP (M = Li-Cs; Be-Ba) and halogen/BBP (M = F-I), respectively. However, the binding energies of Li/BBP and Be/BBP deviate from these dependencies owing to their super small adatoms and the resulting significantly enhanced effective M-B bonding areas. By interpreting the electron transfer picture among the different parts of M/BBP, we confirmed that metallic M/BBP possesses ionic sp-p and dsp-p M-B bonds in alkali (earth) metal/BBP but covalent-featured ionic p-p interactions in halogen/BBP. In particular, the direct proportionality between IP and ϕ for alkali (earth) metal/BBP originates from the synergistic effect of charge rearrangement and the increased induced dipole moment; however, the inverse proportionality between electronegativity and ϕ for halogen/BBP arises from the adsorption induced charge redistribution. Our results provide guidance for experimental efforts toward the realization of work function-tunable borophene-based electrodes as well as insight into the bonding rules between various adatoms and α-borophene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Yin-Yin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China.,School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hai-Tao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education) and School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China.
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