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Kongkaew S, Meng L, Limbut W, Liu G, Kanatharana P, Thavarungkul P, Mak WC. Craft-and-Stick Xurographic Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidic Electrochemical Sensing Platform. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040446. [PMID: 37185521 PMCID: PMC10136003 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
An innovative modular approach for facile design and construction of flexible microfluidic biosensor platforms based on a dry manufacturing "craft-and-stick" approach is developed. The design and fabrication of the flexible graphene paper electrode (GPE) unit and polyethylene tetraphthalate sheet (PET)6/adhesive fluidic unit are completed by an economic and generic xurographic craft approach. The GPE widths and the microfluidic channels can be constructed down to 300 μm and 200 μm, respectively. Both units were assembled by simple double-sided adhesive tapes into a microfluidic integrated GPE (MF-iGPE) that are flexible, thin (<0.5 mm), and lightweight (0.4 g). We further functionalized the iGPE with Prussian blue and glucose oxidase for the fabrication of MF-iGPE glucose biosensors. With a closed-channel PET fluidic pattern, the MF-iGPE glucose biosensors were packaged and sealed to protect the integrated device from moisture for storage and could easily open with scissors for sample loading. Our glucose biosensors showed 2 linear dynamic regions of 0.05-1.0 and 1.0-5.5 mmol L-1 glucose. The MF-iGPE showed good reproducibility for glucose detection (RSD < 6.1%, n = 6) and required only 10 μL of the analyte. This modular craft-and-stick manufacturing approach could potentially further develop along the concept of paper-crafted model assembly kits suitable for low-resource laboratories or classroom settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supatinee Kongkaew
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Division of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Lingyin Meng
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Division of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Warakorn Limbut
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Guozhen Liu
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Proespichaya Kanatharana
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Panote Thavarungkul
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Wing Cheung Mak
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Division of Sensor and Actuator Systems, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Torrarit K, Kongkaew S, Samoson K, Kanatharana P, Thavarungkul P, Chang KH, Abdullah AFL, Limbut W. Flow Injection Amperometric Measurement of Formalin in Seafood. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:17679-17691. [PMID: 35664606 PMCID: PMC9161257 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Formalin is illegally used as an antibacterial and a preservative in seafood products. It is extremely important for public health reasons to be able to simply, rapidly, and accurately detect formalin in fresh seafood. In this work, we developed a flow injection amperometric (FI-Amp) formalin sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with a composite of palladium particles and carbon microspheres (PdPs-CMs/GCE). The CMs were decorated with PdPs via an electroless deposition method. The surface morphology of the CMs and the PdPs-CMs composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The electrochemical behavior and measurement of formalin at the PdPs-CMs/GCE was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. The modified electrode demonstrated good electrocatalytic performance for the oxidation of formalin. The synthesis method and FI-Amp operating conditions were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the developed sensor showed a linear range of 0.025 to 15.00 mmol L-1 and a detection limit of 8 μmol L-1. Repeatability (RSD < 4.1%, n = 30), reproducibility (RSD = 0.25%, n = 5), stability (RSD = 3.2%, n = 80), and selectivity were good. The fabricated sensor achieved recoveries of formalin in seafood between 96 ± 1 to 105 ± 3 (n = 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonchanok Torrarit
- Division
of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Forensic
Science Innovation and Service Center, Prince
of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Supatinee Kongkaew
- Division
of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Forensic
Science Innovation and Service Center, Prince
of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Center
of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Kritsada Samoson
- Division
of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Forensic
Science Innovation and Service Center, Prince
of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Proespichaya Kanatharana
- Center
of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Division
of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Panote Thavarungkul
- Center
of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Division
of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Kah Haw Chang
- Forensic
Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fahmi Lim Abdullah
- Forensic
Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Warakorn Limbut
- Division
of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Forensic
Science Innovation and Service Center, Prince
of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Center
of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Center
of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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