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He M, Yang J, Qiu K, Wu Y, Sun Y, Qi D. Super-assembly platform for diverse nanoparticles with tunable topological architectures and surface morphologies. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:849-860. [PMID: 37573731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly leveraged by nature enables the sophisticated generation of a wide range of nanoparticles (NPs) with rich architectures and morphologies. However, existing artificial self-assembly platforms largely only allow for the fabrication of single type of NPs with limited structures, due to their inability to define interfacial interaction between seeds and growth materials, which is critically important to gain controllable growth patterns of the grown materials on the seeds' surface. Here, we report a versatile super-assembly platform that shows the capabilities to fabricate diverse NPs with tunable topological architectures and surface morphologies, e.g., molecular-like NPs, hollow asymmetric NPs, patchy NPs, etc. We unprecedentedly discovered the powerful functions of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which enable us to well define interfacial interaction between growth materials and seeds to achieve the controllable and tunable generation of various complex topological growth patterns. Moreover, the nucleation pattern (island nucleation or layered nucleation) of the patches can be thermodynamically modulated via the polarity of the solvent, while the number and size of the patches can be kinetically tuned by the ratio of polystyrene (PS), precursor, and catalyst. Interestingly, the hollow NPs can be generated by single-one processing step in our platform, unlike the multiple steps laboriously and widely employed by previously reported fabrication platforms. In addition, we demonstrate that our annealed NPs can not only selectively reflect visible light, and show well-controlled colors from gray, blue, to green, but also exhibit excellent photothermal conversion performances with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 68.7% that are superior to currently routinely reported of 40%. This super-assembly platform can serve as a powerful toolset to sophisticatedly create varied NPs with tunable hierarchical architectures and controllable surface morphologies, which would significantly benefit the development of drug delivery, nanomaterial assembly, nano pigments, nanoreactors, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao He
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jifu Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kejun Qiu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yangyi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Dongming Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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2
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Hu Y, Yan Z, Du L, Yu Y, Huang W, Shi Q. Mesoporous black TiO 2 hollow shells with controlled cavity size for enhanced visible light photocatalysis. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:33883-33897. [PMID: 37859158 DOI: 10.1364/oe.503344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Black TiO2 formed by introducing lattice disorder into pristine TiO2 has a narrowed band gap and suppresses the recombination of charge carriers. This provides a potential strategy for visible light photocatalysis. However, the microstructural design of black TiO2 for a higher optimization of visible light is still in high demand. In this work, we proposed the preparation of black TiO2 hollow shells with controllable cavity diameters using silica spheres as templates for the cavities and the NaBH4 reduction method. The decreased cavity size resulted in a hollow shell with an enhanced visible-light absorption and improved photocatalytic performance. Moreover, we demonstrated that this cavity can be combined with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to form AuNPs@black TiO2 yolk-shells. The AuNPs provided additional visible light absorption and promoted the separation of photogenerated carriers in the yolk-shell structures. This further improved the photocatalysis, the degradation rate of Cr(VI) can reach 0.066 min-1. Our work evaluated the effect of the cavity size on the photocatalytic performance of hollow and yolk-shell structures and provided concepts for the further enhancement of visible-light photocatalysis.
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Kocsis G, Szabó-Bárdos E, Fónagy O, Farsang E, Juzsakova T, Jakab M, Pekker P, Kovács M, Horváth O. Characterization of Various Titanium-Dioxide-Based Catalysts Regarding Photocatalytic Mineralization of Carbamazepine also Combined with Ozonation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27228041. [PMID: 36432141 PMCID: PMC9697621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium-dioxide-based semiconductors proved to be appropriate for photocatalytic application to efficiently degrade emerging organic pollutants such as various herbicides, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals in waters of environmental importance. The characterization of various TiO2 catalysts, both bare and modified (Ag- and/or N-doped), by mechanochemical treatment was carried out in this work, regarding their structure, morphology, and photocatalytic activity. For the latter investigations, carbamazepine, an antidepressant, proved to be applicable and versatile. The photocatalytic behavior of the catalysts was studied under both UV and visible light. Besides the decomposition efficiency, monitoring the intermediates provided information on the degradation mechanisms. Mechanochemical treatment significantly increased the particle size (from 30 nm to 10 μm), causing a considerable (0.14 eV) decrease in the band gap. Depending on the irradiation wavelength and the catalyst, the activity orders differed, indicating that, in the mineralization processes of carbamazepine, the importance of the different oxidizing radicals considerably deviated, e.g., Ag-TiO2 < DP25-TiO2 < ground-DP25-TiO2 < N-TiO2 ≈ N-Ag-TiO2 for O2•− and N-TiO2 ≈ Ag-TiO2 < N-Ag-TiO2 < ground-DP25-TiO2 ≈ DP25-TiO2 for HO• generation under UV irradiation. Toxicity studies have shown that the resulting intermediates are more toxic than the starting drug molecule, so full mineralization is required. This could be realized by a synergistic combination of heterogeneous photocatalysis and ozonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Kocsis
- Environmental and Inorganic Photochemistry Research Group, Center for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Szabó-Bárdos
- Environmental and Inorganic Photochemistry Research Group, Center for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Fónagy
- Environmental and Inorganic Photochemistry Research Group, Center for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Evelin Farsang
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Center for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Tatjána Juzsakova
- Sustainability Solutions Research Lab, Research Center for Biochemical, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Miklós Jakab
- Department of Materials Engineering, Research Center for Engineering Sciences, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Péter Pekker
- Environmental Mineralogy Research Group, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Margit Kovács
- Environmental and Inorganic Photochemistry Research Group, Center for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Ottó Horváth
- Environmental and Inorganic Photochemistry Research Group, Center for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, P.O. Box 1158, H-8210 Veszprém, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-88-624-000 (ext. 6049)
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Zhao Y, Yang H, Hao H, Zhu F, Zhang G, Bi J, Yan S, Hou H. Construction of an S-Scheme Ag 2MoO 4/ZnFe 2O 4 Nanofiber Heterojunction for Enhanced Photoelectrocatalytic Activity under Visible Light Irradiation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:13437-13447. [PMID: 36288509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The removal of organic dyes and pathogenic bacteria from contaminated water remains a significant challenge. In the present study, S-type heterojunction Ag2MoO4/ZnFe2O4 (AMO/ZFO) composite nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning and co-precipitation and fabricated into photoanodes. It is found that the constructed S-type heterojunction of AMO/ZFO composites effectively inhibits the recombination of photogenerated carriers, in addition to the benefits of more exposed active sites and a greater specific surface area. When several properties are improved, AMO/ZFO composites exhibit excellent photoelectrocatalytic performance. The results demonstrate that under visible light irradiation, the photoelectrocatalytic degradation rate of AMO/ZFO-3 to methylene blue reached 76.2% within 50 min, and the killing rate of Salmonella was 83.6% within 80 min. The enhanced photoelectrocatalytic activity was due to the synergy of both electrochemical and photocatalytic effects. More importantly, after four testing cycles, AMO/ZFO-3 still has a better ability to kill pathogenic bacteria and degrade organic dyes due to its high stability. This work provides a feasible method for oxidizing organic dyes and pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirui Zhao
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
- Department of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
| | - Hongshun Hao
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
- Department of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
| | - Fuxiao Zhu
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
- Department of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
| | - Gongliang Zhang
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
| | - Jingran Bi
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
| | - Shuang Yan
- Department of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
| | - Hongman Hou
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian116034, China
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Wu Y, Sun Y, Zhang C, He M, Qi D. Interfacial-assembly engineering of asymmetric magnetic-mesoporous organosilica nanocomposites with tunable architectures. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15772-15788. [PMID: 36250227 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03814e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric morphology of nanomaterials plays a crucial role in regulating their physical and chemical properties, which can be tuned by two key factors: (i) interfacial interaction between seed particles and growth materials (anisotropic island nucleation) and (ii) reaction kinetics of the growth material (growth approach). However, controllable preparation of asymmetric nanoarchitectures is a daunting challenge because it is difficult to tune the interfacial energy profile of a nanoparticle. Here, we report an interfacial-assembly strategy that makes use of different surfactant/organosilica-oligomer micelles to actively regulate interfacial energy profiles, thus enabling controllable preparation of well-defined asymmetric nanoarchitectures (i.e., organosilica nano-tails) on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. For our magnetic nanocomposite system, the assembly structure of surfactant/organosilica-oligomer micelles and the interfacial electrostatic interaction are found to play critical roles in controlling the nucleation and architectures of asymmetric magnetic-mesoporous organosilica nanocomposite particles (AMMO-NCPs). Surfactant/organosilica-oligomer micelles with a one-dimensional wormlike linear structure could strengthen the interfacial assembly behavior between seed particles and growth materials, and thus achieved the longest tail length (25 μm) exceeding the previously reported highest recorded value (2.5 μm) of one order of magnitude. In addition, clickable AMMO-NCPs can employ a thiol-ene click reaction to modify their surface with a broad range of functional groups, such as amines, carboxyls, and even long alkyl chains, which allows for expanding functionalities. We demonstrate that C18 alkyl-grafted AMMO-NCPs can self-assemble into self-standing membranes with robust superhydrophobicity. In addition, carboxyl-modified AMMO-NCPs exhibit excellent adsorption capacity for cationic compounds. This study paves the way for designing and synthesizing asymmetric nanomaterials, which possess immense potential for future engineering applications in nanomaterial assembly, nanoreactors, biosensing, drug delivery, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yangyi Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chengyu Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mengyao He
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dongming Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Green and Low-carbon Dyeing & Finishing, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Jin Y, Mi X, Qian J, Ma N, Dai W. Modular Construction of an MIL-101(Fe)@MIL-100(Fe) Dual-Compartment Nanoreactor and Its Boosted Photocatalytic Activity toward Tetracycline. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:48285-48295. [PMID: 36253373 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have aroused extensive concern as prospective photocatalysts for antibiotic (e.g., tetracycline, TC) degradation. However, efficiencies of single and simple Fe-based MOFs still undergo restricted light absorption and weak charge separation. Assembly of different iron-based MOF building blocks into a hybrid MOF@MOF heterostructure reactor could be an encouraging strategy for the effective capture of antibiotics from the aqueous phase. This paper reports a new-style MIL-101(Fe)@MIL-100(Fe) photocatalyst, which was groundbreakingly constructed to realize a double win for boosting the performances of adsorption and photocatalysis. The optical response range, surface open sites, and charge separation efficiency of MIL-101(Fe)@MIL-100(Fe) can be regulated through accurate design and alteration. Attributed to the synergistic effects of double iron-based MOFs, MIL-101(Fe)@MIL-100(Fe) exhibits an excellent photocatalytic activity toward TC degradability compared to MIL-101(Fe) and MIL-100(Fe), which is even superior to those reported previously in the literature. Furthermore, the main active species of •O2- and h+ were proved through trapping tests of the photocatalytic process. Additionally, MIL-101(Fe)@MIL-100(Fe) possesses remarkable stability, maintaining more than 90% initial photocatalytic activity after the fifth cycle. In brief, MIL-101(Fe)@MIL-100(Fe) was highly efficient for TC degradation. Our work offers a new strategy for visible-light photodegradation of TC by exploring the double Fe-based MOF composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Jin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xichen Mi
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianglu Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Ma
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua321004, People's Republic of China
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Jia X, Zhang C, Gao L, Yang X, Yu Z, Lou X, Jia G. Controllable Synthesis, Formation Process, and Luminescence Performances of Diverse Yttrium Compounds with Hollow Structures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:11917-11928. [PMID: 36130199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hollow spherical Y2O3 and YBO3 have been prepared by a facile template-directed strategy using phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin spheres as templates. The PF@Y(OH)CO3 precursor can be fabricated by a simple precipitation route. The Y2O3 hollow spheres are obtained via a direct annealing process, and the hollow spherical YBO3 are fabricated via a hydrothermal route followed by an annealing process at the expense of the same PF@Y(OH)CO3 precursor. The whole synthesis procedure is performed in aqueous solution without any surfactant or catalyst. Moreover, YVO4 quasi-octahedral microcrystals with spherical holes are obtained. The formation mechanisms of the yttrium compounds with different morphologies have been discussed. By incorporating proper rare earth activator ions into the Y2O3, YBO3, and YVO4 hosts, the as-synthesized luminescent materials can exhibit eminent performances with both down-conversion and up-conversion luminescence. Furthermore, the as-fabricated light-emitting diode (LED) devices can emit dazzling characteristic emission light, which reveals that the phosphors have application potential in lighting and displays. This simple synthesis strategy may provide a new idea for the fabrication of inorganic compounds with perfect hollow structures and excellent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Cuimiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Baoding University, Baoding 071000, P. R. China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Ziman Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Lou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
| | - Guang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, P. R. China
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