1
|
Hou JT, Li C, Guo S, Ye X, Chi W, Ren Y, Wang Q, Shen J. Polarity-Driven Fluorescence Monitoring of Lipid Droplet Dynamics in Dry Eye Disease. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9975-9983. [PMID: 38830231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of lipid droplets (LDs) has been recognized as cellular markers of ocular surface hyperosmosis, which is recognized as a fundamental mechanism driving dry eye disease (DED), while their dynamics during DED progression and therapy remains unlocked. For this purpose, an LD-specific fluorescent probe P1 is presented in this work that exhibits highly selective and sensitive emission enhancement in response to a decreased ambient polarity (Δf) from 0.209 to 0.021. The hydrophobic nature of P1 enables specific staining of LDs, facilitating visualization of changes in polarity within these cellular structures. Utilizing P1, we observe a decrease in polarity accompanied by an increase in the size and number of LDs in hyperosmotic human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). Furthermore, interplays between LDs and cellular organelles such as mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus are visualized, suggesting the underlying pathogenesis in DED. Notably, the variations of LDs are observed after the inhibition of ferroptosis or activation of autophagy in hyperosmotic HCECs, implying the great potential of LDs as indicators for the design and efficacy evaluation of DED drugs regarding ferroptosis or autophagy as targets. Finally, LDs are confirmed to be overproduced in corneal tissues from DED mice, and the application of clinical eye drops effectively impedes these changes. This detailed exploration underscores the significant roles of LDs as an indicator for the deep insight into DED advancement and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ting Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Chen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xuanqiao Ye
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Weijie Chi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of OneHealth, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Renmin Road 58, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yueping Ren
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian 325200, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hazra N, Ray R, Banerjee A. Rapid targeting and imaging of mitochondria via carbon dots using an amino acid-based amphiphile as a carrier. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:9827-9835. [PMID: 38695525 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00665h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Green-fluorescent biocompatible carbon dots with a quantum yield of 40% were successfully synthesized through a solvothermal process and then they are comprehensively characterized. The carbon dots showed a negatively charged surface owing to the presence of carboxylic groups. This negative surface charge hinders the effective targeting and imaging of mitochondria. To address this limitation, a new approach is developed in this study. An amphiphile containing phenylalanine, with a positively charged polar head consisting of triphenylphosphine and a hydrophobic aliphatic tail, was designed, synthesized, purified, and characterized. This amphiphile formed spherical micelle-type nanostructures in an aqueous medium in the aggregated state. Although these nanoprobes lack inherent fluorescence, they exhibited the capability to image mitochondria when their spherical micelle-type nanostructures were decorated with negatively charged fluorescent nanocarbon dots in both cancerous (KB cells) and non-cancerous (CHO cells) cell lines. Notably, carbon dots without the amphiphile failed to penetrate the cell membrane as they exhibited significantly low emission inside the cell. This study extensively explored the cell entry mechanism of the hybrid nanoprobes. The photophysical changes and the interaction between the negatively charged carbon dots and the positively charged nanospheres of the amphiphile were also analyzed in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niladri Hazra
- School of Biological Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Reeddhi Ray
- School of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- School of Biological Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Xu Y, Wen Q. Carbon dots for staining bacterial dead cells and distinguishing dead/alive bacteria. Anal Biochem 2024; 687:115432. [PMID: 38113980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The small molecular dyes such as propidium iodide (PI) always suffer from photo-bleaching and potential toxicity. To tackle the problems, a type of nontoxic carbon dots (CDs) was obtained for dead/alive bacterial distinguishing. This kind of carbon dots has an average size of 1.91 nm and owns carboxyl groups, emerging as excellent candidates for imaging bacterial cells. The negative charges of carboxyl groups lead their avoidance of alive cells while their small size facilitates penetration of dead cells. This kind of nontoxic CDs has effectively differentiated between and alive ones, presenting a highly promising green dye comparing with traditional small molecular dyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qin Wen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang C, Ying Z, Jiang Y, Wang H, Zhou X, Xuan W, Zheng P. Solvent-controlled synthesis of hydrophilic and hydrophobic carbon dots. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 26:314-322. [PMID: 38062935 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04273a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity are of paramount importance in surface chemistry. In this study, a solvent-controlled synthesis of hydrophilic and hydrophobic carbon dots (CDs) was prepared via a solvothermal process using pentafluorobenzyl alcohol as the carbon source in either deionized water or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) medium. By simply varying the reaction solvent to control the doping of nitrogen and fluorine elements, the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the CDs could be regulated. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic CDs showed blue and green light under a UV lamp, respectively. Besides, we regulated the volume ratio of water/DMF (1 : 2, 1 : 1 and 2 : 1) in the reaction solvent to prepare amphiphilic CDs and further studied their hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the sensitivity of hydrophobic CDs to water was investigated. In water detection, the photoluminescent intensity of the blue peak and green peak showed high linearity within the water content of 4-80% and 10-80%, respectively (limit of detection = 0.08%, v/v, in DMF).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhan Zhang
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Zhihua Ying
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Xuebin Zhou
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Weipeng Xuan
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Peng Zheng
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and NanoDevices, School of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu Y, Song W, Tang Z, Shi W, Gao S, Wu J, Wang Y, Pan H, Wang Y, Huang H. The Preparation of Golgi Apparatus-Targeted Polymer Dots Encapsulated with Carbon Nanodots of Bright Near-Infrared Fluorescence for Long-Term Bioimaging. Molecules 2023; 28:6366. [PMID: 37687195 PMCID: PMC10488926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As a vital organelle in eukaryotic cells, the Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and transporting proteins in cells. Precisely monitoring the status of the Golgi apparatus with targeted fluorescence imaging technology is of enormous importance but remains a dramatically challenging task. In this study, we demonstrate the construction of the first Golgi apparatus-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent nanoprobe, termed Golgi-Pdots. As a starting point of our investigation, hydrophobic carbon nanodots (CNDs) with bright NIR fluorescence at 674 nm (fluorescence quantum yield: 12.18%), a narrow emission band of 23 nm, and excellent stability were easily prepared from Magnolia Denudata flowers using an ultrasonic method. Incorporating the CNDs into a polymer matrix modified with Golgi-targeting molecules allowed for the production of the water-soluble Golgi-Pdots, which showed high colloidal stability and similar optical properties compared with pristine CNDs. Further studies revealed that the Golgi-Pdots showed good biocompatibility and Golgi apparatus-targeting capability. Based on these fascinating merits, utilizing Golgi-Pdots for the long-term tracking of the Golgi apparatus inside live cells was immensely successful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Lu
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China (Z.T.)
| | - Wei Song
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Zhiquan Tang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China (Z.T.)
| | - Wenru Shi
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China (Z.T.)
| | - Shumei Gao
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China (Z.T.)
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China (Z.T.)
| | - Hu Pan
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China (Z.T.)
| | - Yangang Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China (Z.T.)
| | - Hong Huang
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China (Z.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Benkowska-Biernacka D, Mucha SG, Firlej L, Formalik F, Bantignies JL, Anglaret E, Samoć M, Matczyszyn K. Strongly Emitting Folic Acid-Derived Carbon Nanodots for One- and Two-Photon Imaging of Lyotropic Myelin Figures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37366586 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive imaging of morphological changes in biologically relevant lipidic mesophases is essential for the understanding of membrane-mediated processes. However, its methodological aspects need to be further explored, with particular attention paid to the design of new excellent fluorescent probes. Here, we have demonstrated that bright and biocompatible folic acid-derived carbon nanodots (FA CNDs) may be successfully applied as fluorescent markers in one- and two-photon imaging of bioinspired myelin figures (MFs). Structural and optical properties of these new FA CNDs were first extensively characterized; they revealed remarkable fluorescence performance in linear and non-linear excitation regimes, justifying further applications. Then, confocal fluorescence microscopy and two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy were used to investigate a three-dimensional distribution of FA CNDs within the phospholipid-based MFs. Our results showed that FA CNDs are effective markers for imaging various forms and parts of multilamellar microstructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Benkowska-Biernacka
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian G Mucha
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR5221, Université de Montpellier (CNRS), 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Lucyna Firlej
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR5221, Université de Montpellier (CNRS), 34095 Montpellier, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Filip Formalik
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Micro, Nano, and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jean-Louis Bantignies
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR5221, Université de Montpellier (CNRS), 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Anglaret
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR5221, Université de Montpellier (CNRS), 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Marek Samoć
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Z, Hao Y, Chen Y, Dong W, Liu Y, Li J, Gao H, Wang X, Shuang S, Dong C, Gong X. Robust solvatochromic carbon quantum dots for selective detection of water and Sn 4+ and specific lipid imaging. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130456. [PMID: 36450190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Developing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with the solvatochromic effect and exploring multifunctional applications remains challenging. Herein, robust solvatochromic carbon quantum dots (RS-CQDs) with emission shift up to ∼62 nm from yellow to red was fabricated by the hydrothermal method. The RS-CQDs was used to detect water and Sn4+ in the linear ranges and limits of detection of 2.0-97.6% and 0.14% and 6.24-53.18 μM and 66.3 nM, respectively, and was further applied to determine Sn4+ in practical water samples with satisfactory results. In addition, RS-CQDs exhibited bright red emission in oil media with a 9.7-fold increase in fluorescence relative to aqueous media, making them a wash-free probe for specifically staining lipids. Compared to the commercial lipid marker BODIPY 493/503, the RS-CQDs-based probe has significant advantages, such as longer emission, larger Stokes shift, and better photostability, ensuring that RS-CQDs-based marker can implement real-time and wash-free monitoring and imaging of lipids in living cells, liver tissues, zebrafish embryos, and zebrafish larvae. This study provides a novel research direction for the development of metal-doped CQDs by demonstrating RS-CQDs as the viability of fluorescence probes for water and Sn4+ detection and the efficiency of RS-CQDs as a fluorescent marker for lipid imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yumin Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yihong Chen
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hong Gao
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Shanxi Research Center for Information and Strategy of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li LS, Zhang YX, Gong W, Li J. Novel β-cyclodextrin doped carbon dots for host-guest recognition-assisted sensing of isoniazid and cell imaging. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30104-30112. [PMID: 36329931 PMCID: PMC9585529 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, novel β-cyclodextrin doped carbon dots (CCDs) were prepared via a simple one-pot hydrothermal method at a mild temperature (140 °C), using mixtures of β-cyclodextrin and citric acid as precursors. By characterizing the chemical properties of CCDs prepared at 140 °C and 180 °C, the importance of low-temperature reaction for preservation of the specific structure of β-CD was elucidated. The CCDs showed excellent optical properties and were stable to changes in pH, ionic strength and light irradiation. Since the fluorescence of the CCDs could be selectively quenched by isoniazid (INZ) through specific host-guest recognition effects, a convenient isoniazid fluorescence sensor was developed. Under the optimal conditions, the sensor exhibited a relatively low detection limit of 0.140 μg mL-1 and a wide detection range from 0.2 μg mL-1 to 50 μg mL-1 for INZ detection. Furthermore, the sensor was employed successfully for the determination of INZ in urine samples with satisfactory recovery (91.1-109.5%), displaying potential in clinical applications. Finally, low cytotoxicity of the prepared CCDs was confirmed using the CCK-8 method, followed by application in HepG2 cell imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Ying-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| | - Wei Gong
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts & Science Xiangyang 441021 China
| | - Jing Li
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts & Science Xiangyang 441021 China
| |
Collapse
|