1
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Sakai A, Noshizono T, Kondo M, Sasaki T, Sakamoto M, Ono H, Kawatsuki N. Birefringence control of photoalignable liquid crystalline polymers based on an in situ exchange of oriented mesogenic side groups. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Sakai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2188 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280
| | - Toshiki Noshizono
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2188 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280
| | - Mizuho Kondo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2188 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280
| | - Tomoyuki Sasaki
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka 940-2188
| | - Moritsugu Sakamoto
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka 940-2188
| | - Hiroshi Ono
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka 940-2188
| | - Nobuhiro Kawatsuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2188 Shosha, Himeji 671-2280
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2
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Chen PF, Ma XF, Sun LF, Tian Y, Fan YZ, Li P, Xiao Z, Zhu MX, Guo CR, Li C, Yu Y, Wang J. A conserved residue in the P2X4 receptor has a nonconserved function in ATP recognition. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100655. [PMID: 33901491 PMCID: PMC8166750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly conserved amino acids are generally anticipated to have similar functions across a protein superfamily, including that of the P2X ion channels, which are gated by extracellular ATP. However, whether and how these functions are conserved becomes less clear when neighboring amino acids are not conserved. Here, we investigate one such case, focused on the highly conserved residue from P2X4, E118 (rat P2X4 numbering, rP2X4), a P2X subtype associated with human neuropathic pain. When we compared the crystal structures of P2X4 with those of other P2X subtypes, including P2X3, P2X7, and AmP2X, we observed a slightly altered side-chain orientation of E118. We used protein chimeras, double-mutant cycle analysis, and molecular modeling to reveal that E118 forms specific contacts with amino acids in the "beak" region, which facilitates ATP binding to rP2X4. These contacts are not present in other subtypes because of sequence variance in the beak region, resulting in decoupling of this conserved residue from ATP recognition and/or channel gating of P2X receptors. Our study provides an example of a conserved residue with a specific role in functional proteins enabled by adjacent nonconserved residues. The unique role established by the E118-beak region contact provides a blueprint for the development of subtype-specific inhibitors of P2X4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Fang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Fei Ma
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang-Fei Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Tian
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying-Zhe Fan
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiwang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chang-Run Guo
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China.
| | - Ye Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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3
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Orodepo GO, Gowd EB, Ramakrishnan S. Periodically Spaced Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Ogunsola Orodepo
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - E. Bhoje Gowd
- Materials Science and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - S. Ramakrishnan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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4
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Farooq MA, Wei W, Xiong H. Chiral Photonic Liquid Crystalline Polyethers with Widely Tunable Helical Superstructures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:3072-3079. [PMID: 32167775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline polymers with tunable structures on the scale of visible wavelength are important in optical technology due to their enhanced mechanical stability, processability, and structural integrity. Herein, we report a series of cholesteric liquid crystalline (CLC) polyethers with a widely tunable pitch length and a broad CLC phase window through a bottom-up structural design. The well-defined multicomponent polyethers were successfully synthesized by utilizing monomer-activated anionic ring-opening polymerization. Through adjustment of the composition of chiral cholesteryl (Ch) and photochromic azobenzene (Az) mesogenic moieties, rich phase behaviors have been discovered, and a phase boundary diagram was constructed consequently, wherein cholesteric helical superstructures in a broad composition range and temperature window straight down to the glassy state at room temperature were achieved. Particularly, the planar oriented helical superstructures can exhibit widely tunable and switchable reflections over the entire visible range across red, green, and blue colors through temperature and light control, which are closely related to the extraordinary flexibility of the polyether backbone. Their thermo-light dual-responsive properties provide an alternative opportunity to fabricate smart and switchable polymeric LC materials for optical applications.
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5
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Imanishi R, Nagashima Y, Takishima K, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. Induction of Highly Ordered Smectic Phases in Side Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymers by Means of Random Copolymerization. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Imanishi
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takishima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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6
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Kubo S, Kumagai M, Kawatsuki N, Nakagawa M. Photoinduced Reorientation in Thin Films of a Nematic Liquid Crystalline Polymer Anchored to Interfaces and Enhancement Using Small Liquid Crystalline Molecules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14222-14229. [PMID: 31592666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The photoinduced reorientation of the side-chain mesogens in nematic liquid crystalline (LC) polymer thin films triggered by the axis-selective photo-Fries rearrangements of side-chain phenyl benzoate moieties is studied to understand the regulation of the anisotropic nanostructures supported by LC polymers. The influence of the substrate surface in anchoring the side-chain mesogens near the interfaces is examined by comparing the reorientation of 30- and 120-nm-thick films. Irradiation with linearly polarized ultraviolet (UV) light and subsequent annealing causes the side-chain mesogen reorientation to align perpendicular to the electric field of the incident UV light. The inplane order in the 30-nm-thick films is lower than that in the 120-nm ones. On the other hand, the annealing period required for mesogen alignment is independent of the film thickness. It is suggested that the substrate surfaces anchor the LC mesogens to fix their orientation, rather than slowing down the reorientational motion. In addition, it is demonstrated that small LC molecules miscible with the nematic LC polymer enhance photoinduced reorientation through cooperative molecular interaction with the side-chain mesogens, remarkably accelerating the orientation and improving the inplane order of the unidirectionally aligned mesogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Kubo
- National Institute for Materials Science , 1-2-1 Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
| | - Mari Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials , Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira , Aoba-ku, Sendai , Miyagi 980-8577 , Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kawatsuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , University of Hyogo , 2167 Shosha , Himeji 671-2280 , Japan
| | - Masaru Nakagawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials , Tohoku University , 2-1-1 Katahira , Aoba-ku, Sendai , Miyagi 980-8577 , Japan
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7
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Mukai K, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. Formation of High-Density Brush of Liquid Crystalline Polymer Block Associated with Dewetting Process on Amorphous Polymer Film. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:10397-10404. [PMID: 31317747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of polymer dewetting on solid surfaces is significant in both fundamental polymer physics and practical film technologies. When liquid crystalline (LC) polymers are dewetted, LC ordering is involved in the dewetting process. Here, we report on the characteristic dewetting processes of a diblock copolymer composed of a cyanobiphenyl side chain liquid crystalline polymer (SCLCP) block connected with polystyrene (PS) taking place on a PS base film. Thin films of the block copolymer were prepared by the water-floating method onto the PS film, and the dewetting process is observed in a softened state above the glass transition temperature of the PS. At the smectic A phase temperature of the SCLCP block, the dewetted surface layer generated a flat unique fingering pattern leading to a monolayered (two-dimensional) high-density LC polymer brush through the LC ordering. The important role of the anchoring PS block on the base PS film surface is suggested for the formation of highly stretched LC polymer brush. Above the isotropization temperature, in contrast, ordinary three-dimensional droplet morphologies with smooth round edges were observed. By photo-cross-linking the base PS film, the lateral diffusion rate was significantly reduced. This can be applied to an entropy-driven morphology patterning via dewetting. The polymer brush formation and its spatial controls are expected to provide new opportunities for the modification strategies of polymer surfaces.
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8
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Nagano S. Random Planar Orientation in Liquid-Crystalline Block Copolymers with Azobenzene Side Chains by Surface Segregation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5673-5683. [PMID: 30096982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rodlike liquid-crystalline (LC) mesogens preferentially adopt a homeotropic orientation by excluded volume effects at the free surface in side-chain LC (SCLC) polymer films. The homeotropic orientation is not advantageous for in-plane LC alignment processes. Surface segregation of polymers is the phenomenon in which one component with a low surface free energy covers the surface in a mixture of two or more polymers or a block copolymer film. In SCLC block copolymer films, the surface segregation structure induces a random planar orientation due to the formation of a microphase-separated interface parallel to the substrate via the covering of one of the segregated polymer blocks. This feature article focuses on the unique, random planar orientation induced by the surface segregation of SCLC block copolymer films with the photoresponsive azobenzene (Az) mesogenic group. A transition moment of the Az mesogens is parallel to the molecular long axis, and light irradiation is conducted perpendicular to the film surface in general photoreaction processes. Therefore, the homeotropic molecular orientation in the SCLC polymer systems with Az mesogenic units inhibits efficient photoreaction reorientations in thin films. The random planar orientations by the surface segregation of a coil block in SCLC block polymers provide efficient in-plane photoreorientation and photoswitching with LC hierarchical mesostructures, such as microphase-separated structures of SCLC block copolymers and laminated LC polymer films. On the other hand, surface-segregated SCLC blocks form a high-density polymer LC brush layer with a random planar orientation by self-assembly, which exhibits efficient angular selective photoreactions. These approaches using the surface segregation of SCLC block copolymers are expected to offer new concepts for the LC photoalignment process for LC polymer devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusaku Nagano
- Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603 , Japan
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9
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Kitamura I, Oishi K, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. Photoinitiated Marangoni flow morphing in a liquid crystalline polymer film directed by super-inkjet printing patterns. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2556. [PMID: 30796238 PMCID: PMC6385296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Slight contaminations existing in a material lead to substantial defects in applied paint. Herein, we propose a strategy to convert this nuisance to a technologically useful process by using an azobenzene-containing side chain liquid crystalline (SCLCP) polymer. This method allows for a developer-free phototriggered surface fabrication. The mass migration is initiated by UV-light irradiation and directed by super-inkjet printed patterns using another polymer on the SCLCP film surface. UV irradiation results in a liquid crystal-to-isotropic phase transition, and this phase change immediately initiates a mass migration to form crater or trench structures due to the surface tension instability known as Marangoni flow. The transferred volume of the film reaches approximately 440-fold that of the polymer ink, and therefore, the printed ink pattern acts as a latent image towards the amplification of surface morphing. This printing-aided photoprocess for surface inscription is expected to provide a new platform of polymer microfabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Kitamura
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Oishi
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
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10
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Imanishi R, Nagashima Y, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. Collective Competition between Two Mesogens showing Opposing Orientational Nature in Side Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymers. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Imanishi
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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11
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Seki T. A Wide Array of Photoinduced Motions in Molecular and Macromolecular Assemblies at Interfaces. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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12
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Beppu K, Nagashima Y, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. Photoalignment of Vertically Oriented Microphase Separated Lamellae in LC-LC Diblock Copolymer Thin Film. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Beppu
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Mituo Hara
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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13
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Mukai K, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. High-Density Liquid-Crystalline Polymer Brushes Formed by Surface Segregation and Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Mukai
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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14
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Mukai K, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. High-Density Liquid-Crystalline Polymer Brushes Formed by Surface Segregation and Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14028-14032. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Mukai
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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15
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Kido M, Nojima S, Ishige R, White KL, Kamitani K, Ohta N, Hirai T, Takahara A. Effect of molecular weight on microcrystalline structure formation in polymer with perylenediimide side chain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kido
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shiki Nojima
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Ryohei Ishige
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kevin L. White
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kamitani
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Noboru Ohta
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8; Sayo Hyogo 679-5198 Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Hirai
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahara
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University; 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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16
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Miyake K, Ikoma H, Okada M, Matsui S, Kondo M, Kawatsuki N. Orientation Direction Control in Liquid Crystalline Photoalignable Polymeric Films by Adjusting the Free-Surface Condition. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:761-765. [PMID: 35614664 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adjusting the free-surface condition facilely controls the in-plane and out-of-plane orientations in liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) films. Top coating with aromatic molecules onto LC polymethacrylate films with N-benzylideneaniline (NBA) or 4-methoxybiphenyl (MB) side groups (PNBAM or PMBM) and subsequent annealing generate a random planar orientation while simultaneously removing the coated aromatic molecules, whereas annealing noncoated films induces a homeotropic orientation of the mesogenic side groups. Additionally, irradiating a top-coated PNBAM film with linearly polarized (LP) 365 nm light induces an in-plane molecular reorientation of the NBA side groups without changing the orientation in the homeotropically oriented region. Changes in the surface topology of the LCP films due to the reorientation processes are investigated in detail. Inkjet coating with aromatic molecules and LP 365 nm light exposure precisely controls the in-plane and out-of-plane alignment pattern in a PNBAM film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Miyake
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ikoma
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Makoto Okada
- Laboratory of Advanced
Science
and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo, 3-1-2 Koto,
Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1205 Japan
| | - Shinji Matsui
- Laboratory of Advanced
Science
and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo, 3-1-2 Koto,
Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1205 Japan
| | - Mizuho Kondo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kawatsuki
- Department
of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
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17
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Tanaka D, Mizuno T, Hara M, Nagano S, Saito I, Yamamoto K, Seki T. Evaluations of Mesogen Orientation in Thin Films of Polyacrylate with Cyanobiphenyl Side Chain. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:3737-3745. [PMID: 27031094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The orientation behavior of mesogens in a polyacrylate with cyanobiphenyl (CB) side chain in thin films was investigated in detail by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GI-SAXS) measurements using both high-energy X-rays of Cu Kα line (λ = 0.154 nm) and low-energy synchrotron X-rays (λ = 0.539 nm). By changing the film thickness ranging 7-200 nm, it is concluded that the planar orientation is predominant for thin films with thickness below 10-15 nm. This planar mesogen orientation near the substrate surface coexists with the homeotropically aligned CB mesogens in films thicker than 30 nm. For the thinnest 7 nm film, the planar orientation is unexpectedly lost, which is in consort with a disordering of smectic layer structure. Peculiar orienting characteristics of CB mesogen are suggested, which probably stem from the tendency to form an antiparallel arrangement of mesogens due to the strong dipole moment of the terminal cyano group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Itsuki Saito
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Gokiso, Showa, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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Nakai T, Tanaka D, Hara M, Nagano S, Seki T. Free Surface Command Layer for Photoswitchable Out-of-Plane Alignment Control in Liquid Crystalline Polymer Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:909-914. [PMID: 26734930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To date, reversible alignment controls of liquid crystalline materials have widely been achieved by photoreactive layers on solid substrates. In contrast, this work demonstrates the reversible out-of-plane photocontrols of liquid crystalline polymer films by using a photoresponsive skin layer existing at the free surface. A polymethacrylate containing a cyanobiphenyl side-chain mesogen adopts the planar orientation. Upon blending a small amount of azobenzene-containing side-chain polymer followed by successive annealing, segregation of the azobenzene polymer at the free surface occurs and induces a planar to homeotropic orientation transition of cyanobiphenyl mesogens underneath. By irradiation with UV light, the mesogen orientation turns into the planar orientation. The orientation reverts to the homeotropic state upon visible light irradiation or thermally, and such cyclic processes can be repeated many times. On the basis of this principle, erasable optical patterning is performed by irradiating UV light through a photomask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakai
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hara
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡Nagoya University Venture Business Laboratory, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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Che X, Gong S, Shao L, Lan T, Wang F, Wang Y. The impact of flexibility of polyimides backbones on the stability of liquid crystal vertical alignment. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two side-chain-type polyimides (RPI and SPI) containing different backbones induced vertical alignments of liquid crystals, after rubbing, one maintained stable vertical, while the other transformed from vertical into parallel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Che
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Shiming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Leishan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Tian Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Yinghan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
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