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Shirani E, Razmjou A, Asadnia M, Nordon RE, Inglis DW. Surface Modification of Polystyrene with Boronic Acid for Immunoaffinity-Based Cell Enrichment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4361-4372. [PMID: 38357828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Obtaining an enriched and phenotypically pure cell population from heterogeneous cell mixtures is important for diagnostics and biosensing. Existing techniques such as fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) require preincubation with antibodies (Ab) and specialized equipment. Cell immunopanning removes the need for preincubation and can be done with no specialized equipment. The majority of the available antibody-mediated analyte capture techniques require a modification to the Abs for binding. In this work, no antibody modification is used because we take advantage of the carbohydrate chain in the Fc region of Ab. We use boronic acid as a cross-linker to bind the Ab to a modified surface. The process allows for functional orientation and cleavable binding of the Ab. In this study, we created an immunoaffinity matrix on polystyrene (PS), an inexpensive and ubiquitous plastic. We observed a 37% increase in Ab binding compared with that of a passive adsorption approach. The method also displayed a more consistent antibody binding with 17 times less variation in Ab loading among replicates than did the passive adsorption approach. Surface topography analysis revealed that a dextran coating reduced nonspecific antibody binding. Elemental analysis (XPS) was used to characterize the surface at different stages and showed that APBA molecules can bind upside-down on the surface. While upside-down antibodies likely remain functional, their elution behavior might differ from those bound in the desired way. Cell capture experiments show that the new surface has 43% better selectivity and 2.4-fold higher capture efficiency compared to a control surface of passively adsorbed Abs. This specific surface chemistry modification will allow the targeted capture of cells or analytes with the option of chemical detachment for further research and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Shirani
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Amir Razmjou
- Mineral Recovery Research Center (MRRC), School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, Western Australia 6027, Australia
| | - Mohsen Asadnia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Robert E Nordon
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - David W Inglis
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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2
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Tuermer-Lee JX, Lim A, Ah L, Blau R, Qie Y, Shipley W, Kayser LV, Russman SM, Tao AR, Dayeh SA, Lipomi DJ. Synthesis of PEDOT:PSS Brushes Grafted from Gold Using ATRP for Increased Electrochemical and Mechanical Stability. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1718-1726. [PMID: 38052039 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
We report PEDOT:PSS brushes grafted from gold using surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) which demonstrate significantly enhanced mechanical stability against sonication and electrochemical cycling compared to spin-coated analogues as well as lower impedances than bare gold at frequencies from 0.1 to 105 Hz. These results suggest SI-ATRP PEDOT:PSS to be a promising candidate for use in microelectrodes for neural activity recording. Spin-coated, electrodeposited, and drop-cast PEDOT:PSS have already been shown to reduce impedance and improve biocompatibility of microelectrodes, but the lack of strong chemical bonds of the physisorbed polymer film to the metal leads to disintegration under required operational stresses including cyclic mechanical loads, abrasion, and electrochemical cycling. Rather than modifying the metal electrode or introducing cross-linkers or other additives to improve the stability of the polymer film, this work chemically tethers the polymer to the surface, offering a simple, scalable solution for functional bioelectronic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason X Tuermer-Lee
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Allison Lim
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Louis Ah
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Rachel Blau
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Yi Qie
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Wade Shipley
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0418, La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Laure V Kayser
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 Dupont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716-3106, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 102 Brown Laboratory, Newark, Delaware 19716-3106, United States
| | - Samantha M Russman
- Integrated Electronics and Biointerfaces Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9736 Engineers Ln, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Andrea R Tao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0418, La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Shadi A Dayeh
- Integrated Electronics and Biointerfaces Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9736 Engineers Ln, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Darren J Lipomi
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, Mail Code 0418, La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
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3
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Ou Y, Qiao S, Li T, Zheng X, Zhao X, Qu L, Zhao X, Zhang Y. Affinity Chromatographic Method for Determining Drug-Protein Interaction with Enhanced Speed Than Typical Frontal Analysis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:10259-10269. [PMID: 37454390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Revealing drug-protein interaction is highly important to select a drug candidate with improved drug-like properties in the early stages of drug discovery. This highlights the urgent need to develop assays that enable the analysis of drug-protein interaction with high speed. Herein, this purpose was realized by the development of an affinity chromatographic method with a two-fold higher speed than typical assays like frontal analysis and zonal elution. The method involved synthesis of a stationary phase by immobilizing poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) onto macroporous silica gel through a one-step bioorthogonal reaction, characterization of mutual displacement interaction of two canonical drugs to the immobilized PARP1, determination of the interaction between three (iniparib, rucaparib, and olaparib) drugs and the protein, and validation of these parameters by typical frontal analysis. The numbers of binding sites on the column were (2.85 ± 0.05) × 10-7, (1.89 ± 0.71) × 10-6, and (1.49 ± 0.06) × 10-7 M for iniparib, rucaparib, and olaparib, respectively. On these sites, the association constants of the three drugs to the protein were (9.85 ± 0.56) × 104, (2.85 ± 0.34) × 104, and (1.07 ± 0.35) × 105 M-1. The determined parameters presented a good agreement with the calculation by typical frontal analyses, which indicated that the current continuous competitive frontal analysis method was reliable for determining drug-protein interaction. Application of the methods was achieved by screening tubeimosides I and II as the bioactive compounds against breast cancer in Bolbostemma paniculatum. Their mechanism may be the interference of DNA repair via down-regulating PARP1 and meiotic recombination 11 expressions, thus leading to oncogene mutations and death of cancer cells. The method was high speed since it allowed simultaneous determination of binding parameters between two drugs and a protein with a smaller number of experiments to be performed. Such a feature made the method an attractive alternative for high-speed analysis of drug-protein interaction or the other bindings in a binary system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Sai Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xinxin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Lejing Qu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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Tenorio-Barajas AY, Olvera MDLL, Romero-Paredes G, Altuzar V, Garrido-Guerrero E, Mendoza-Barrera C. Chitosan, Chitosan/IgG-Loaded, and N-Trimethyl Chitosan Chloride Nanoparticles as Potential Adjuvant and Carrier-Delivery Systems. Molecules 2023; 28:4107. [PMID: 37241848 PMCID: PMC10221049 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This work proposes a feasible, reproducible, and low-cost modified method to manufacture chitosan, chitosan/IgG-protein-loaded, and trimethylated chitosan nanoparticles, using microfluidics combined with the microemulsion technique, which differs from the traditional batch process of chitosan-based nanoparticles. The synthesis process consists of generating microreactors of chitosan-based polymer in a poly-dimethylsiloxane ψ-shaped microfluidic device and then crosslinking with sodium tripolyphosphate outside the cell. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrates an improvement in size control and distribution of the solid-shape chitosan nanoparticles (~80 nm) compared to the batch synthesis. Regarding chitosan/IgG-protein-loaded nanoparticles, these presented a core-shell morphology having a diameter of close to 15 nm. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies confirmed the ionic crosslinking between the amino groups of chitosan and the phosphate groups of sodium tripolyphosphate in the fabricated samples and the total encapsulation of IgG protein during the fabrication of chitosan/IgG-loaded nanoparticles. Then, an ionic crosslinking and nucleation-diffusion process of chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate was carried out during the nanoparticle formation, with and without IgG protein loading. The use of N-trimethyl chloride chitosan nanoparticles in vitro on human-keratinocyte-derived cell line HaCaT did not show side effects independently of its concentration from 1 to 10 μg/mL. Therefore, the proposed materials could be used as potential carrier-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Y. Tenorio-Barajas
- Doctorado en Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - María de la L. Olvera
- Sección de Estado Sólido, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Romero-Paredes
- Sección de Estado Sólido, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Victor Altuzar
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Efraín Garrido-Guerrero
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
| | - Claudia Mendoza-Barrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico
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5
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Graham DJ, Gamble LJ. Back to the basics of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry of bio-related samples. I. Instrumentation and data collection. Biointerphases 2023; 18:021201. [PMID: 36990800 PMCID: PMC10063322 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is used widely throughout industrial and academic research due to the high information content of the chemically specific data it produces. Modern ToF-SIMS instruments can generate high mass resolution data that can be displayed as spectra and images (2D and 3D). This enables determining the distribution of molecules across and into a surface and provides access to information not obtainable from other methods. With this detailed chemical information comes a steep learning curve in how to properly acquire and interpret the data. This Tutorial is aimed at helping ToF-SIMS users to plan for and collect ToF-SIMS data. The second Tutorial in this series will cover how to process, display, and interpret ToF-SIMS data.
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6
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Fernandez-Medina T, Vaquette C, Gomez-Cerezo MN, Ivanovski S. Characterization of the Protein Corona of Three Chairside Hemoderivatives on Melt Electrowritten Polycaprolactone Scaffolds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076162. [PMID: 37047135 PMCID: PMC10094244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In tissue engineering, the relationship between a biomaterial surface and the host's immune response during wound healing is crucial for tissue regeneration. Despite hemoderivative functionalization of biomaterials becoming a common tissue-engineering strategy for enhanced regeneration, the characteristics of the protein-biomaterial interface have not been fully elucidated. This study characterized the interface formed by the adsorbed proteins from various hemoderivatives with pristine and calcium phosphate (CaP)-coated polycaprolactone (PCL) melt electrowritten scaffolds. PCL scaffolds were fabricated by using melt electrospinning writing (MEW). Three hemoderivatives (pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP), leucocyte platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF)) and total blood PLASMA (control) were prepared from ovine blood. Hemoderivatives were characterized via SEM/EDX, cross-linking assay, weight loss, pH and protein quantification. The interface between PCL/CaP and hemoderivative was examined via FTIR, XPS and electrophoresis. i-PRF/PCL-CaP (1653 cm-1), PLASMA/PCL-CaP (1652 cm-1) and i-PRF/PCL (1651 cm-1) demonstrated a strong signal at the Amide I region. PLASMA and i-PRF presented similar N1s spectra, with most of the nitrogen involved in N-C=O bonds (≈400 eV). i-PRF resulted in higher adsorption of low molecular weight (LMW) proteins at 60 min, while PLASMA exhibited the lowest adsorption. L-PRP and P-PRP had a similar pattern of protein adsorption. The characteristics of biomaterial interfaces can be customized, thus creating a specific hemoderivative-defined layer on the PCL surface. i-PRF demonstrated a predominant adsorption of LMW proteins. Further investigation of hemoderivative functionalized biomaterials is required to identify the differential protein corona composition, and the resultant immune response and regenerative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fernandez-Medina
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Australia
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns Campus, Cairns 4870, Australia
| | - C Vaquette
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Australia
| | - M N Gomez-Cerezo
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Australia
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Australia
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TiO 2@BSA nano-composites investigated through orthogonal multi-techniques characterization platform. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:112037. [PMID: 34416445 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible coating based on bovine serum albumin (BSA) was applied on two different TiO2 nanoparticles (aeroxide P25 and food grade E171) to investigate properties and stability of resulting TiO2@BSA composites, under the final perspective to create a "Safe-by-Design" coating, able to uniform, level off and mitigate surface chemistry related phenomena, as naturally occurring when nano-phases come in touch with proteins enriched biological fluids. The first step towards validating the proposed approach is a detailed characterization of surface chemistry with the quantification of amount and stability of BSA coating deposited on nanoparticles' surfaces. At this purpose, we implemented an orthogonal multi-techniques characterization platform, providing important information on colloidal behavior, particle size distribution and BSA-coating structure of investigated TiO2 systems. Specifically, the proposed orthogonal approach enabled the quantitative determination of bound and free (not adsorbed) BSA, a key aspect for the design of intentionally BSA coated nano-structures, in nanomedicine and, overall, for the control of nano-surface reactivity. In fact, the BSA-coating strategy developed and the orthogonal characterisation performed can be extended to different designed nanomaterials in order to further investigate the protein-corona formation and promote the implementation of BSA engineered coating as a strategy to harmonize the surface reactivity and minimize the biological impact.
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8
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Weidner T, Castner DG. Developments and Ongoing Challenges for Analysis of Surface-Bound Proteins. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2021; 14:389-412. [PMID: 33979545 PMCID: PMC8522203 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091520-010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Proteins at surfaces and interfaces play important roles in the function and performance of materials in applications ranging from diagnostic assays to biomedical devices. To improve the performance of these materials, detailed molecular structure (conformation and orientation) along with the identity and concentrations of the surface-bound proteins on those materials must be determined. This article describes radiolabeling, surface plasmon resonance, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, sum frequency generation spectroscopy, and computational techniques along with the information each technique provides for characterizing protein films. A multitechnique approach using both experimental and computation methods is required for these investigations. Although it is now possible to gain much insight into the structure of surface-bound proteins, it is still not possible to obtain the same level of structural detail about proteins on surfaces as can be obtained about proteins in crystals and solutions, especially for large, complex proteins. However, recent results have shown it is possible to obtain detailed structural information (e.g., backbone and side chain orientation) about small peptides (5-20 amino sequences) on surfaces. Current studies are extending these investigations to small proteins such as protein G B1 (∼6 kDa). Approaches for furthering the capabilities for characterizing the molecular structure of surface-bound proteins are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Weidner
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
| | - David G Castner
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA;
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Abstract
Precise characterization of a monolayer of two different biomolecules in a gradient pattern on a glass surface puts high demand on the method used. Some techniques can detect protein monolayers but not on a glass surface. Others can distinguish between different proteins but not identify a gradient pattern. Here, we used ToF-SIMS to validate the complete surface composition, checking all the necessary boxes. As these types of surfaces can dictate sensitive cell behaviors, the precision on a nanolevel is crucial, and to visualize and determine the molecular distribution become essential. The dual monolayer consisted of laminin 521 and one of three other biomolecules of different sizes, epidermal growth factor, growth differentiation factor 5, or bovine serum albumin, creating opposing gradient patterns. The resulting ToF-SIMS imaging and line scan data provided detailed information on the distribution of the adsorbed proteins.
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10
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Jesmer AH, Wylie RG. Controlling Experimental Parameters to Improve Characterization of Biomaterial Fouling. Front Chem 2020; 8:604236. [PMID: 33363113 PMCID: PMC7759637 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.604236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled protein adsorption and cell binding to biomaterial surfaces may lead to degradation, implant failure, infection, and deleterious inflammatory and immune responses. The accurate characterization of biofouling is therefore crucial for the optimization of biomaterials and devices that interface with complex biological environments composed of macromolecules, fluids, and cells. Currently, a diverse array of experimental conditions and characterization techniques are utilized, making it difficult to compare reported fouling values between similar or different biomaterials. This review aims to help scientists and engineers appreciate current limitations and conduct fouling experiments to facilitate the comparison of reported values and expedite the development of low-fouling materials. Recent advancements in the understanding of protein-interface interactions and fouling variability due to experiment conditions will be highlighted to discuss protein adsorption and cell adhesion and activation on biomaterial surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan G. Wylie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Adak AK, Huang KT, Li PJ, Fan CY, Lin PC, Hwang KC, Lin CC. Regioselective S N2-Type Reaction for the Oriented and Irreversible Immobilization of Antibodies to a Glass Surface Assisted by Boronate Formation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6756-6767. [PMID: 35019340 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies have exquisite specificities for molecular recognition, which have led to their incorporation into array sensors that are crucial for research, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications. Many of these platforms rely heavily on surface-bound reactive groups to covalently tether antibodies to solid substrates; however, this strategy is hindered by a lack of orientation control over antibody immobilization. Here, we report a mild electrophilic phenylsulfonate (tosylate) ester-containing boronic acid affinity ligand for attaching antibodies to glass slides. A high level of antibody coupling located near the Fc region of the boronated antibody complex could be achieved by the proximal nucleophilic amino acid driven substitution reaction at the phenylsulfonate center. This enabled the full-length antibodies to be permanently tethered onto surfaces in an oriented manner. The advantages of this strategy were demonstrated through the individual and multiplex detection of protein and serum biomarkers. This strategy not only confers stability to the immobilized antibodies but also presents a different direction for the irreversible attachment of antibodies to solid supports in an orientation-controlled way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yo Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Controlling orientation, conformation, and biorecognition of proteins on silane monolayers, conjugate polymers, and thermo-responsive polymer brushes: investigations using TOF-SIMS and principal component analysis. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractControl over orientation and conformation of surface-immobilized proteins, determining their biological activity, plays a critical role in biointerface engineering. Specific protein state can be achieved with adjusted surface preparation and immobilization conditions through different types of protein-surface and protein-protein interactions, as outlined in this work. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, combining surface sensitivity with excellent chemical specificity enhanced by multivariate data analysis, is the most suited surface analysis method to provide information about protein state. This work highlights recent applications of the multivariate principal component analysis of TOF-SIMS spectra to trace orientation and conformation changes of various proteins (antibody, bovine serum albumin, and streptavidin) immobilized by adsorption, specific binding, and covalent attachment on different surfaces, including self-assembled monolayers on silicon, solution-deposited polythiophenes, and thermo-responsive polymer brushes. Multivariate TOF-SIMS results correlate well with AFM data and binding assays for antibody-antigen and streptavidin-biotin recognition. Additionally, several novel extensions of the multivariate TOF-SIMS method are discussed.Graphical abstract
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Calvano C, Rigante E, Picca R, Cataldi T, Sabbatini L. An easily transferable protocol for in-situ quasi-non-invasive analysis of protein binders in works of art. Talanta 2020; 215:120882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Rahmati M, Silva EA, Reseland JE, A Heyward C, Haugen HJ. Biological responses to physicochemical properties of biomaterial surface. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5178-5224. [PMID: 32642749 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical scientists use chemistry-driven processes found in nature as an inspiration to design biomaterials as promising diagnostic tools, therapeutic solutions, or tissue substitutes. While substantial consideration is devoted to the design and validation of biomaterials, the nature of their interactions with the surrounding biological microenvironment is commonly neglected. This gap of knowledge could be owing to our poor understanding of biochemical signaling pathways, lack of reliable techniques for designing biomaterials with optimal physicochemical properties, and/or poor stability of biomaterial properties after implantation. The success of host responses to biomaterials, known as biocompatibility, depends on chemical principles as the root of both cell signaling pathways in the body and how the biomaterial surface is designed. Most of the current review papers have discussed chemical engineering and biological principles of designing biomaterials as separate topics, which has resulted in neglecting the main role of chemistry in this field. In this review, we discuss biocompatibility in the context of chemistry, what it is and how to assess it, while describing contributions from both biochemical cues and biomaterials as well as the means of harmonizing them. We address both biochemical signal-transduction pathways and engineering principles of designing a biomaterial with an emphasis on its surface physicochemistry. As we aim to show the role of chemistry in the crosstalk between the surface physicochemical properties and body responses, we concisely highlight the main biochemical signal-transduction pathways involved in the biocompatibility complex. Finally, we discuss the progress and challenges associated with the current strategies used for improving the chemical and physical interactions between cells and biomaterial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway. h.j.haugen.odont.uio.no
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Characterizing protein G B1 orientation and its effect on immunoglobulin G antibody binding using XPS, ToF-SIMS, and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. Biointerphases 2020; 15:021002. [PMID: 32168986 DOI: 10.1116/1.5142560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling how proteins are immobilized (e.g., controlling their orientation and conformation) is essential for developing and optimizing the performance of in vitro protein-binding devices, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Characterizing the identity, orientation, etc., of proteins in complex mixtures of immobilized proteins requires a multitechnique approach. The focus of this work was to control and characterize the orientation of protein G B1, an immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody-binding domain of protein G, on well-defined surfaces and to measure the effect of protein G B1 orientation on IgG antibody binding. The surface sensitivity of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was used to distinguish between different proteins and their orientation on both flat and nanoparticle gold surfaces by monitoring intensity changes of characteristic amino acid mass fragments. Amino acids distributed asymmetrically were used to calculate peak intensity ratios from ToF-SIMS data to determine the orientation of protein G B1 cysteine mutants covalently attached to a maleimide surface. To study the effect of protein orientation on antibody binding, multilayer protein films on flat gold surfaces were formed by binding IgG to the immobilized protein G B1 films. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that coverage and orientation affected the antibody-binding process. At high protein G B1 coverage, the cysteine mutant immobilized in an end-on orientation with the C-terminus exposed bound 443 ng/cm2 of whole IgG (H + L) antibodies. In comparison, the high coverage cysteine mutant immobilized in an end-on orientation with the N-terminus exposed did not bind detectable amounts of whole IgG (H + L) antibodies.
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16
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Bolivar JM, Nidetzky B. On the relationship between structure and catalytic effectiveness in solid surface-immobilized enzymes: Advances in methodology and the quest for a single-molecule perspective. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1868:140333. [PMID: 31778816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The integration of enzymes with solid materials is important in many biotechnological applications, including the use of immobilized enzymes for biocatalytic synthesis. The development of functional enzyme-material composites is restrained by the lack of molecular-level insight into the behavior of enzymes in confined, surface-near environments. Here, we review recent advances in surface-sensitive spectroscopic techniques that push boundaries for the determination of enzyme structure and orientation at the solid-liquid interface. We discuss recent evidence from single-molecule studies showing that analyses sensitive to the temporal and spatial heterogeneities in immobilized enzymes can succeed in disentangling the effects of conformational stability and active-site accessibility on activity. Different immobilization methods involve distinct trade-off between these effects, thus emphasizing the need for a holistic (systems) view of immobilized enzymes for the rational development of practical biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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17
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Nguyen KTT, Frijlink HW, Hinrichs WLJ. Inhomogeneous Distribution of Components in Solid Protein Pharmaceuticals: Origins, Consequences, Analysis, and Resolutions. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:134-153. [PMID: 31606540 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Successful development of stable solid protein formulations usually requires the addition of one or several excipients to achieve optimal stability. In these products, there is a potential risk of an inhomogeneous distribution of the various ingredients, specifically the ratio of protein and stabilizer may vary. Such inhomogeneity can be detrimental for stability but is mostly neglected in literature. In the past, it was challenging to analyze inhomogeneous component distribution, but recent advances in analytical techniques have revealed new options to investigate this phenomenon. This paper aims to review fundamental aspects of the inhomogeneous distribution of components of freeze-dried and spray-dried protein formulations. Four key topics will be presented and discussed, including the sources of component inhomogeneity, its consequences on protein stability, the analytical methods to reveal component inhomogeneity, and possible solutions to prevent or mitigate inhomogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh T T Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henderik W Frijlink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter L J Hinrichs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
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18
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Ono Y, Nakase I, Matsumoto A, Kojima C. Rapid optical tissue clearing using poly(acrylamide‐co‐styrenesulfonate) hydrogels for three‐dimensional imaging. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2297-2304. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Ono
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University 1‐1 Gakuen‐cho, Naka‐ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599‐8531 Japan
| | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- Department of Biological ScienceGraduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University 1‐1 Gakuen‐cho, Naka‐ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599‐8531 Japan
| | - Akikazu Matsumoto
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University 1‐1 Gakuen‐cho, Naka‐ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599‐8531 Japan
| | - Chie Kojima
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University 1‐1 Gakuen‐cho, Naka‐ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599‐8531 Japan
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19
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Castner DG. Surface Analysis: From Single Crystals to Biomaterials. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2018; 50:981-990. [PMID: 30386003 PMCID: PMC6205758 DOI: 10.1002/sia.6422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Surfaces and interfaces play a critical role in material performance in many applications including catalysis, biomaterials, microelectronics, tribology and adhesion. Characterizing the important surfaces and interfaces involved in each application may present different challenges, but the approach to investigating them often is rather similar. Specialized instrumentation is typically used to probe the surface region of a material and often times it is required to develop new instrumentation and data analysis methods to obtain the desired information. It usually best to use multiple experimental techniques, often coupled with theoretical calculations and simulations, to gain a more complete understanding of the surface and interface regions. Careful handling and preparation of the samples is required so the surface is not altered during these processes as well as during analysis. Using model samples with well-defined surface structures and compositions can provide information about fundamental processes as well as help develop the analytical tools and methodology needed to characterize complex surfaces and interfaces. Thus, the expertise and experience a surface analyst acquires in one field can be readily applied to other fields, even when those fields are significantly differently (e.g., biomaterials and microelectronics). This has resulted in surface analysts moving rather easily between different research and application areas. As one example my career path of small molecule chemisorption and reactivity on single crystals to industrial catalysis to biomedical surface science is presented in this manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Castner
- National ESCA & Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute, Departments of Bioengineering & Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1653 USA
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20
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Sen-Britain S, Hicks WL, Hard R, Gardella JA. Differential orientation and conformation of surface-bound keratinocyte growth factor on (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate, (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate/methyl methacrylate, and (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate/methacrylic acid hydrogel copolymers. Biointerphases 2018; 13:06E406. [PMID: 30360629 PMCID: PMC6905655 DOI: 10.1116/1.5051655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of hydrogels for protein delivery requires protein-hydrogel interactions that cause minimal disruption of the protein's biological activity. Biological activity can be influenced by factors such as orientational accessibility for receptor binding and conformational changes, and these factors can be influenced by the hydrogel surface chemistry. (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate (HEMA) hydrogels are of interest as drug delivery vehicles for keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) which is known to promote re-epithelialization in wound healing. The authors report here the surface characterization of three different HEMA hydrogel copolymers and their effects on the orientation and conformation of surface-bound KGF. In this work, they characterize two copolymers in addition to HEMA alone and report how protein orientation and conformation is affected. The first copolymer incorporates methyl methacrylate (MMA), which is known to promote the adsorption of protein to its surface due to its hydrophobicity. The second copolymer incorporates methacrylic acid (MAA), which is known to promote the diffusion of protein into its surface due to its hydrophilicity. They find that KGF at the surface of the HEMA/MMA copolymer appears to be more orientationally accessible and conformationally active than KGF at the surface of the HEMA/MAA copolymer. They also report that KGF at the surface of the HEMA/MAA copolymer becomes conformationally unfolded, likely due to hydrogen bonding. KGF at the surface of these copolymers can be differentiated by Fourier-transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry in conjunction with principal component analysis. The differences in KGF orientation and conformation between these copolymers may result in different biological responses in future cell-based experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohini Sen-Britain
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 475 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14221
| | - Wesley L Hicks
- Department of Head and Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Comprehensive Cancer Center, 665 Elm Street, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Robert Hard
- Department of Pathological and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 955 Main St, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Joseph A Gardella
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 475 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14221
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Morsbach S, Gonella G, Mailänder V, Wegner S, Wu S, Weidner T, Berger R, Koynov K, Vollmer D, Encinas N, Kuan SL, Bereau T, Kremer K, Weil T, Bonn M, Butt HJ, Landfester K. Engineering von Proteinen an Oberflächen: Von komplementärer Charakterisierung zu Materialoberflächen mit maßgeschneiderten Funktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Morsbach
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Grazia Gonella
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Abteilung für Dermatologie; Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz; Langenbeckstraße 1 55131 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Seraphine Wegner
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Si Wu
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
- Abteilung für Chemie; Universität Aarhus; Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Dänemark
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Doris Vollmer
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Noemí Encinas
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Tristan Bereau
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Kurt Kremer
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Deutschland
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22
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Morsbach S, Gonella G, Mailänder V, Wegner S, Wu S, Weidner T, Berger R, Koynov K, Vollmer D, Encinas N, Kuan SL, Bereau T, Kremer K, Weil T, Bonn M, Butt HJ, Landfester K. Engineering Proteins at Interfaces: From Complementary Characterization to Material Surfaces with Designed Functions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12626-12648. [PMID: 29663610 PMCID: PMC6391961 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Once materials come into contact with a biological fluid containing proteins, proteins are generally—whether desired or not—attracted by the material's surface and adsorb onto it. The aim of this Review is to give an overview of the most commonly used characterization methods employed to gain a better understanding of the adsorption processes on either planar or curved surfaces. We continue to illustrate the benefit of combining different methods to different surface geometries of the material. The thus obtained insight ideally paves the way for engineering functional materials that interact with proteins in a predetermined manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Morsbach
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Grazia Gonella
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Seraphine Wegner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Si Wu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Doris Vollmer
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Noemí Encinas
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Seah Ling Kuan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tristan Bereau
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kurt Kremer
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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Abstract
Exposure of protein modified surfaces to air may be necessary in several applications. For example, air contact may be inevitable during the implantation of biomedical devices, for analysis of protein modified surfaces, or for sensor applications. Protein coatings are very sensitive to dehydration and can undergo significant and irreversible alterations of their conformations upon exposure to air. With the use of two compatible solutes from extremophilic bacteria, ectoine and hydroxyectoine, the authors were able to preserve the activity of dried protein monolayers for up to >24 h. The protective effect can be explained by the preferred exclusion model; i.e., the solutes trap a thin water layer around the protein, retaining an aqueous environment and preventing unfolding of the protein. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized on compact TiO2 was used as a model system. Structural differences between the compatible solute stabilized and unstabilized protein films, and between different solutes, were analyzed by static time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). The biological activity difference observed in a colorimetric activity assay was correlated to changes in protein conformation by application of principal component analysis to the static ToF-SIMS data. Additionally, rehydration of the denatured HRP was observed in ToF-SIMS with an exposure of denatured protein coatings to ectoine and hydroxyectoine solutions.
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24
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Chun Y, Ko YG, Do T, Jung Y, Kim SW, Chun YJ, Choi US. Electrorheological properties of algae dispersed suspension: New application of harmful algae. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tian B, Lei Q, Tian B, Zhang W, Cui Y, Tian Y. UV-driven overall water splitting using unsupported gold nanoparticles as photocatalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1845-1848. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09770k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UV-driven water splitting was achieved over Au nanoparticles (>10 nm) for the first time without the assistance of cocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bining Tian
- Department of Physics
- Dalian Maritime University
- Dalian 116600
- China
- Molecular Foundry
| | - Qin Lei
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Bin Tian
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Wenxing Zhang
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Yanxia Cui
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Yue Tian
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
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Scudeller LA, Mavropoulos E, Tanaka MN, Costa AM, Braga CA, López EO, Mello A, Rossi AM. Effects on insulin adsorption due to zinc and strontium substitution in hydroxyapatite. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Grafting of architecture controlled poly(styrene sodium sulfonate) onto titanium surfaces using bio-adhesive molecules: Surface characterization and biological properties. Biointerphases 2017; 12:02C418. [PMID: 28614950 DOI: 10.1116/1.4985608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This contribution reports on grafting of bioactive polymers such as poly(sodium styrene sulfonate) (polyNaSS) onto titanium (Ti) surfaces. This grafting process uses a modified dopamine as an anchor molecule to link polyNaSS to the Ti surface. The grafting process combines reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, postpolymerization modification, and thiol-ene chemistry. The first step in the process is to synthetize architecture controlled polyNaSS with a thiol end group. The second step is the adhesion of the dopamine acrylamide (DA) anchor onto the Ti surfaces. The last step is grafting polyNaSS to the DA-modified Ti surfaces. The modified dopamine anchor group with its bioadhesive properties is essential to link bioactive polymers to the Ti surface. The polymers are characterized by conventional methods (nuclear magnetic resonance, size exclusion chromatography, and attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transformed infrared), and the grafting is characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. To illustrate the biocompatibility of the grafted Ti-DA-polyNaSS surfaces, their interactions with proteins (albumin and fibronectin) and cells are investigated. Both albumin and fibronectin are readily adsorbed onto Ti-DA-polyNaSS surfaces. The biocompatibility of modified Ti-DA-polyNaSS and control ungrafted Ti surfaces is tested using human bone cells (Saos-2) in cell culture for cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization. This study presents a new, simple way to graft bioactive polymers onto Ti surfaces using a catechol intermediary with the aim of demonstrating the biocompatibility of these size controlled polyNaSS grafted surfaces.
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Surface immobilized antibody orientation determined using ToF-SIMS and multivariate analysis. Acta Biomater 2017; 55:172-182. [PMID: 28359858 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibody orientation at solid phase interfaces plays a critical role in the sensitive detection of biomolecules during immunoassays. Correctly oriented antibodies with solution-facing antigen binding regions have improved antigen capture as compared to their randomly oriented counterparts. Direct characterization of oriented proteins with surface analysis methods still remains a challenge however surface sensitive techniques such as Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) provide information-rich data that can be used to probe antibody orientation. Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether plasma polymers (DGpp) functionalized with chromium (DGpp+Cr) have improved immunoassay performance that is indicative of preferential antibody orientation. Herein, ToF-SIMS data from proteolytic fragments of anti-EGFR antibody bound to DGpp and DGpp+Cr are used to construct artificial neural network (ANN) and principal component analysis (PCA) models indicative of correctly oriented systems. Whole antibody samples (IgG) test against each of the models indicated preferential antibody orientation on DGpp+Cr. Cross-reference between ANN and PCA models yield 20 mass fragments associated with F(ab')2 region representing correct orientation, and 23 mass fragments associated with the Fc region representing incorrect orientation. Mass fragments were then compared to amino acid fragments and amino acid composition in F(ab')2 and Fc regions. A ratio of the sum of the ToF-SIMS ion intensities from the F(ab')2 fragments to the Fc fragments demonstrated a 50% increase in intensity for IgG on DGpp+Cr as compared to DGpp. The systematic data analysis methodology employed herein offers a new approach for the investigation of antibody orientation applicable to a range of substrates. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Controlled orientation of antibodies at solid phases is critical for maximizing antigen detection in biosensors and immunoassays. Surface-sensitive techniques (such as ToF-SIMS), capable of direct characterization of surface immobilized and oriented antibodies, are under-utilized in current practice. Selection of a small number of mass fragments for analysis, typically pertaining to amino acids, is commonplace in literature, leaving the majority of the information-rich spectra unanalyzed. The novelty of this work is the utilization of a comprehensive, unbiased mass fragment list and the employment of principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN) models in a unique methodology to prove antibody orientation. This methodology is of significant and broad interest to the scientific community as it is applicable to a range of substrates and allows for direct, label-free characterization of surface bound proteins.
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31
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Orientation and characterization of immobilized antibodies for improved immunoassays (Review). Biointerphases 2017; 12:02D301. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4978435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Scudeller LA, Srinivasan S, Rossi AM, Stayton PS, Drobny GP, Castner DG. Orientation and conformation of osteocalcin adsorbed onto calcium phosphate and silica surfaces. Biointerphases 2017; 12:02D411. [PMID: 28521505 PMCID: PMC5436982 DOI: 10.1116/1.4983407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adsorption isotherms, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) were used to investigate the adsorption of human osteocalcin (hOC) and decarboxylated (i.e., Gla converted back to Glu) hOC (dhOC) onto various calcium phosphate surfaces as well as silica surfaces. The adsorption isotherms and XPS nitrogen signals were used to track the amount of adsorbed hOC and dhOC. The intensities of key ToF-SIMS amino acid fragments were used to assess changes in the structure of adsorbed hOC and dhOC. CD spectra were used to investigate the secondary structure of OC. The largest differences were observed when the proteins were adsorbed onto silica versus calcium phosphate surfaces. Similar amounts (3-4 at. % N) of hOC and dhOC were adsorbed onto the silica surface. Higher amounts of hOC and dhOC were adsorbed on all the calcium phosphate surfaces. The ToF-SIMS data showed that the intensity of the Cys amino acid fragment, normalized to intensity of all amino acid fragments, was significantly higher (∼×10) when the proteins were adsorbed onto silica. Since in the native OC structure the cysteines are located in the center of three α-helices, this indicates both hOC and dhOC are more denatured on the silica surface. As hOC and dhOC denature upon adsorption to the silica surface, the cysteines become more exposed and are more readily detected by ToF-SIMS. No significant differences were detected between hOC and dhOC adsorbed onto the silica surface, but small differences were observed between hOC and dhOC adsorbed onto the calcium phosphate surfaces. In the OC structure, the α-3 helix is located above the α-1 and α-2 helices. Small differences in the ToF-SIMS intensities from amino acid fragments characteristic of each helical unit (Asn for α-1; His for α-2; and Phe for α-3) suggests either slight changes in the orientation or a slight uncovering of the α-1 and α-2 for adsorbed dhOC. XPS showed that similar amounts of hOC and dhOC were absorbed onto hydroxyapaptite and octacalcium phosphate surfaces, but ToF-SIMS detected some small differences in the amino acid fragment intensities on these surfaces for adsorbed hOC and dhOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa A Scudeller
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653 and Department of Applied Physics, Brazilian Center for Physics Research (CBPF), R. Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150-Urca, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
| | - Alexandre M Rossi
- Department of Applied Physics, Brazilian Center for Physics Research (CBPF), R. Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150-Urca, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrick S Stayton
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653 and Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
| | - Gary P Drobny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
| | - David G Castner
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653; and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
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Castner DG. Biomedical surface analysis: Evolution and future directions (Review). Biointerphases 2017; 12:02C301. [PMID: 28438024 PMCID: PMC5403738 DOI: 10.1116/1.4982169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes some of the major advances made in biomedical surface analysis over the past 30-40 years. Starting from a single technique analysis of homogeneous surfaces, it has been developed into a complementary, multitechnique approach for obtaining detailed, comprehensive information about a wide range of surfaces and interfaces of interest to the biomedical community. Significant advances have been made in each surface analysis technique, as well as how the techniques are combined to provide detailed information about biological surfaces and interfaces. The driving force for these advances has been that the surface of a biomaterial is the interface between the biological environment and the biomaterial, and so, the state-of-the-art in instrumentation, experimental protocols, and data analysis methods need to be developed so that the detailed surface structure and composition of biomedical devices can be determined and related to their biological performance. Examples of these advances, as well as areas for future developments, are described for immobilized proteins, complex biomedical surfaces, nanoparticles, and 2D/3D imaging of biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Castner
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 351653, Seattle, Washington 98195-1653
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Welch NG, Madiona RMT, Scoble JA, Muir BW, Pigram PJ. ToF-SIMS and Principal Component Analysis Investigation of Denatured, Surface-Adsorbed Antibodies. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:10824-10834. [PMID: 27715065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibody denaturation at solid-liquid interfaces plays an important role in the sensitivity of protein assays such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Surface immobilized antibodies must maintain their native state, with their antigen binding (Fab) region intact, to capture antigens from biological samples and permit disease detection. In this work, two identical sample sets were prepared with whole antibody IgG, F(ab')2 and Fc fragments, immobilized to either a silicon wafer or a diethylene glycol dimethyl ether plasma polymer surface. Analysis was conducted on one sample set at day 0, and the second sample set after 14 days in vacuum, with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) for molecular species representative of denaturation. A 1003 mass fragment peak list was compiled from ToF-SIMS data and compared to a 35 amino acid mass fragment peak list using principal component analysis. Several ToF-SIMS secondary ions, pertaining to disulfide and thiol species, were identified in the 14 day (presumably denatured) samples. A substrate and primary ion independent marker for denaturation (aging) was then produced using a ratio of mass peak intensities according to denaturation ratio: [I61.9534 + I62.9846 + I122.9547 + I84.9609 + I120.9461]/[I30.9979 + I42.9991 + I73.0660 + I147.0780]. The ratio successfully identifies denaturation on both the silicon and plasma polymer substrates and for spectra generated with Mn+, Bi+, and Bi3+ primary ions. We believe this ratio could be employed to as a marker of denaturation of antibodies on a plethora of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Welch
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Robert M T Madiona
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | | | | | - Paul J Pigram
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
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Beckner W, He Y, Pfaendtner J. Chain Flexibility in Self-Assembled Monolayers Affects Protein Adsorption and Surface Hydration: A Molecular Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:10423-10432. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b05882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Beckner
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - Yi He
- College
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, P.R. China
| | - Jim Pfaendtner
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
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Welch NG, Madiona RMT, Payten TB, Jones RT, Brack N, Muir BW, Pigram PJ. Surface Adsorbed Antibody Characterization Using ToF-SIMS with Principal Component Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8717-8728. [PMID: 27494212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) form a class of powerful multivariate analysis techniques, yet their routine use in the surface analysis community is limited. Principal component analysis (PCA) is more commonly employed to reduce the dimensionality of large data sets and highlight key characteristics. Herein, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of PCA and ANNs as methods for investigation and interpretation of a complex multivariate sample set. Using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) we acquired spectra from an antibody and its proteolysis fragments with three primary-ion sources to obtain a panel of 72 spectra and a characteristic peak list of 775 fragment ions. We describe the use of ANNs as a means to interpret the ToF-SIMS spectral data, highlight the optimal neural network design and computational parameters, and discuss the technique limitations. Further, employing Bi3(+) as the primary-ion source, ANNs can accurately classify antibody fragments from the parent antibody based on ToF-SIMS spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Welch
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Robert M T Madiona
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Thomas B Payten
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Robert T Jones
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Narelle Brack
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | | | - Paul J Pigram
- Centre for Materials and Surface Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
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