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Hasani MG, Berisha A, Hetemi. D, Decorse P, Pinson J, Podvorica FI. Surface Modification of Lignite with Alkyl and Mixed Alkyl-Aryl Films Generated from an Aryl Diazonium Salt and Alkyl Halides: Experimental Results and Theoretical Analyses. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202300134. [PMID: 38051924 PMCID: PMC11004459 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In search of new possible uses of cheap lignite from the Kosova Bassin, the surface of lignite powders is modified with alkyl or mixed alkyl-aryl layers. Modification is performed in aqueous acid solution containing an aryl diazonium salt and an alkyl halide compound in millimolar concentration, in the presence of potassium iodide as a reducing agent at equimolar concentration. Attachment of alkyl films substituted with carboxylic groups and aryl films with nitro or bis-trifluoromethyl groups is characterized by IRATR and XPS spectroscopy. The formation of a stable interface during the grafting reactions of alkyl and aryl moieties with lignite surface has been confirmed by theoretical calculations. Aryl diazonium salts once chemically or spontaneously reduced are a source of aryl radicals, able to attach chemically to the material surface or to react with alkyl halides by abstracting the halogen atom. If the aryl diazonium salts are unable to graft to the coal surface due to steric hindrance, they can, nevertheless, abstract an iodine or bromine atom to generate alkyl radicals that react with the material surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avni Berisha
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of Prishtina10000PrishtinaKosovo
- NanoAlb-Unit of Albanian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology1000TiranaAlbania
| | - Dardan Hetemi.
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Prishtina10000PrishtinaKosovo
- NanoAlb-Unit of Albanian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology1000TiranaAlbania
| | | | - Jean Pinson
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, ITODYS75013ParisFrance
| | - Fetah I. Podvorica
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of Prishtina10000PrishtinaKosovo
- Academy of Sciences and Arts of Kosova, Rr. “Agim Ramadani” Nr. 30510000PrishtinaKosovo
- NanoAlb-Unit of Albanian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology1000TiranaAlbania
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Alkynyl ligands-induced growth of ultrathin nanowires arrays. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 627:640-649. [PMID: 35878458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ligands are almost essential in the synthesis of nanostructures. In this work, we introduce the alkynyl ligands into the synthesis of ultrathin gold (Au) nanowires arrays. The strong binding affinity of the alkynyl ligands enables one-dimensional (1D) growth via the active surface growth mechanism. The scope of the ligand generality was systematically investigated, and the alkynyl ligand-induced nanowire growth processes were compared and contrasted with those involving thiolated ligands. While strong ligands are usually difficult to dissociate from the nanostructure surface and therefore problematic for post-synthetic processing, the alkynyl ligands are readily dissociable, making the alkynyl ligand-stabilized Au nanowires potentially more modifiable and applicable. As a demonstration, direct palladium (Pd) deposition on the Au nanowires was successfully carried out without any ligand exchange process.
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Hetemi D, Combellas C, Kanoufi F, Podvorica FI. Direct vs Indirect Grafting of Alkyl and Aryl Halides. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1844-1849. [PMID: 34125990 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The direct and indirect electrochemical grafting of alkyl and aryl halides (RX, ArX) on carbon, metal and polymer surfaces is examined. Their electrochemical reduction occurs at highly negative potential in organic solvents and very often produces carbanions because the reduction potentials of RX and ArX are more negative than those of their corresponding radicals. Therefore, direct electrografting of alkyl and aryl radicals generated from RX and ArX is not easy to perform. This obstacle is overcome using aryl radicals derived from the 2,6-dimethylbenzenediazonium salt (2,6-DMBD), which do not react on the electrode surface due to their steric hindrance but react in solution by abstracting an iodine or bromine atom from RX (X=I, Br) or ArI to give alkyl or aryl radicals. As a consequence, alkyl and aryl radicals are generated at very low driving force by diverting the reactivity of aryl radicals derived from an aryl diazonium salt; they attack the electrode surface and form strongly attached organic layers. This strategy applies to the chemical modification of polymers (polyethylene, polymethylmethacrylate) by alkyl halides under heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dardan Hetemi
- Pharmacy Department, Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Rr. "Dëshmorët e Kombit" p.n., 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Catherine Combellas
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Fetah I Podvorica
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematical-Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo.,Academy of Sciences and Arts of Kosova, Rr. "Agim Ramadani" nr 305, 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo.,NanoAlb-Unit of Albanian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 1000, Tirana, Albania
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Médard J, Berisha A, Decorse P, Kanoufi F, Combellas C, Pinson J, Podvorica FI. Electrografting of methylamine through C–H activation or oxidation to give highly aminated surfaces. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gabaji M, Médard J, Hemmerle A, Pinson J, Michel JP. From Langmuir-Blodgett to Grafted Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:2534-2542. [PMID: 32073872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A locally organized monolayer film strongly attached to a gold surface is obtained by transfer of a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film of octadecylamine (ODA) or alcohol (ODOH) onto a Au surface and simultaneous oxidative electrografting of this film still in contact with the aqueous subphase. As opposed to LB films, these films resist ultrasonication; and unlike electrografted films, they are organized monolayers by construction. They are characterized by AFM (atomic force microscopy), water contact angle, ellipsometry, XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), IRRAS (infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy), and GIXD (grazing incidence X-ray diffraction).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gabaji
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - J Médard
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - A Hemmerle
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - J Pinson
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, UMR 7086, 15 rue J-A de Baïf, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - J P Michel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Sud, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Mathieu-Scheers E, Bouden S, Grillot C, Nicolle J, Warmont F, Bertagna V, Cagnon B, Vautrin-Ul C. Trace anthracene electrochemical detection based on electropolymerized-molecularly imprinted polypyrrole modified glassy carbon electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Combellas C, Kanoufi F, Pinson J, Podvorica FI. Indirect electrografting of aryl iodides. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Berisha A, Combellas C, Kanoufi F, Médard J, Decorse P, Mangeney C, Kherbouche I, Seydou M, Maurel F, Pinson J. Alkyl-Modified Gold Surfaces: Characterization of the Au-C Bond. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11264-11271. [PMID: 30173513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The surface of gold can be modified with alkyl groups through a radical crossover reaction involving alkyliodides or bromides in the presence of a sterically hindered diazonium salt. In this paper, we characterize the Au-C(alkyl) bond by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS); the corresponding peak appears at 387 cm-1 close to the value obtained by theoretical modeling. The Au-C(alkyl) bond energy is also calculated, it reaches -36.9 kcal mol-1 similar to that of an Au-S-alkyl bond but also of an Au-C(aryl) bond. In agreement with the similar energies of Au-C(alkyl) and Au-S-(alkyl), we demonstrate experimentally that these groups can be exchanged on the surface of gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avni Berisha
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
- Chemistry Department of Natural Sciences Faculty , University of Prishtina , rr. "Nëna Tereze" nr. 5 , 10000 Prishtina , Kosovo
| | - Catherine Combellas
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Frédéric Kanoufi
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Jérôme Médard
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Philippe Decorse
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Claire Mangeney
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Issam Kherbouche
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS , 45 rue des Saints Pères , 75006 Paris , France
| | - Mahamadou Seydou
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - François Maurel
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Jean Pinson
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, ITODYS, UMR 7086 CNRS , 15 rue J-A de Baïf , 75013 Paris , France
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Strawski M, Granicka LH, Szklarczyk M. Redox properties of polyelectrolyte multilayer modified electrodes: a significant effect of the interactions between the polyelectrolyte layers in the films. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.12.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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