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Hao H, Ruiz Pestana L, Qian J, Liu M, Xu Q, Head‐Gordon T. Chemical transformations and transport phenomena at interfaces. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Hao
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Luis Ruiz Pestana
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
| | - Jin Qian
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Meili Liu
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
| | - Qiang Xu
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Teresa Head‐Gordon
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Theory Center and Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley California USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley California USA
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Ruiz Pestana L, Head-Gordon T. Evaporation of Water Nanodroplets on Heated Surfaces: Does Nano Matter? ACS NANO 2022; 16:3563-3572. [PMID: 35107985 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While experiments and continuum models have provided a relatively good understanding of the evaporation of macroscopic water droplets, elucidating how sessile nanodroplets evaporate is an open question critical for advancing nanotechnological applications where nanodroplets can play an essential role. Here, using molecular dynamics simulations, we find that evaporating nanodroplets, in contrast to their macroscopic counterparts, are not always in thermal equilibrium with the substrate and that the vapor concentration on the nanodroplet surface does not reach a steady state. As a result, the evaporative behavior of nanodroplets is significantly different. Regardless of hydrophobicity, nanodroplets do not follow conventional evaporation modes but instead exhibit dynamic wetting behavior characterized by huge, non-equilibrium, isovolumetric fluctuations in the contact angle and contact radius. For hydrophilic nanodroplets, the evaporation rate, controlled by the vapor concentration, decays exponentially over time. Hydrophobic nanodroplets follow stretched exponential kinetics arising from the slower thermalization with the substrate. The evaporative half-lifetime of the nanodroplets is directly related to the thermalization time scale and therefore increases monotonically with the hydrophobicity of the substrate. Finally, the evaporative flux profile along the nanodroplet surface is highly nonuniform but does not diverge at the contact line as the macroscopic continuum models predict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Ruiz Pestana
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, Bioengineering, and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Yan S, Wang S, Hao Z, Liu M, Miao C, Alam MF, Bai R, Li L, Luo Y, Liu T, Lin B, Zhang W, Lu Y. Rapid prototyping of PDMS microdevices via µPLAT on nonplanar surfaces with flexible hollow-out mask. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 33418543 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abd9d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A major goal of PDMS microfabrication is to develop a simple and inexpensive method for rapid fabrication. Despite the recent advancements in this field, facile PDMS microfabrication on non-planar surfaces remains elusive. Here we report a facile method for rapid prototyping of PDMS microdevices via µPLAT (microscale plasma-activated templating) on non-planar surfaces through micropatterning of hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface by flexible PVC hollow-out mask. This mask can be easily prepared with flexible PVC film through a cutting crafter and applied as pattern definer during the plasma treatment for microscale hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface formation on different substrates. The whole process requires low inputs in terms of time as well as toxic chemicals. Inspired by liquid molding, we demonstrated its use for rapid prototyping of PDMS microstructures. Following the proof-of-concept study, we also demonstrated the use of the flexible hollow-out mask to facilitate cell patterning on curved substrates, which is difficult to realize with conventional methods. Collectively, our work utilizes flexible and foldable PVC film as mask materials for facile microscale hydrophilic non-planar surface modification to establish a useful tool for PDMS prototyping and cell patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Yan
- Fudan University, Dongan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, CHINA
| | - Shuting Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116086, CHINA
| | - Zhujing Hao
- DICP, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, CHINA
| | - Meimei Liu
- DICP, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, CHINA
| | - Chunyue Miao
- DICP, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, CHINA
| | - Md Fazle Alam
- Fudan University, Dongan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, CHINA
| | - Ruihan Bai
- DICP, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, CHINA
| | - Linmei Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, CHINA
| | - Yong Luo
- Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, CHINA
| | - Tingjiao Liu
- Dalian Medical University, Lvshun Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, CHINA
| | - Bingcheng Lin
- DICP, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, CHINA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Dongan Road, Shanghai, 200032, CHINA
| | - Yao Lu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 ZHONGSHAN ROAD, Dalian, 116023, CHINA
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Kravchenko VS, Potemkin II. Nanodroplets of Polymer Solutions on Solid Surfaces: Equilibrium Structures and Solvent Evaporation. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly S. Kravchenko
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- DWI − Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen 52056, Germany
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Igor I. Potemkin
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- DWI − Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen 52056, Germany
- National Research South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
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Zhang JJ, Huang H, Lu XY. Molecular Dynamics Study of Binary Nanodroplet Evaporation on a Heated Homogeneous Substrate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:3439-3451. [PMID: 32183513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The evaporation mechanism of miscible binary nanodroplets from heated homogeneous surfaces was studied by molecular dynamics simulations, which has never been studied before. The binary droplets contain a hydrophilic component (type-2 particles) and a hydrophobic component (type-3 particles). It is shown that liquid-liquid interaction strength (ε23) and hydrophilic particle number fraction (φ) have great influence on the surface tension, wetting characteristics, evaporation patterns, evaporation rate, and local mass flux. It is observed that when ε23 ≥ 1, or φ ≈ 0.5, the evaporation mode is the constant-contact-angle mode. Otherwise, it is the mixed mode. We found that the evaporation rate becomes faster when φ and ε23 increase. The droplets become more hydrophilic when φ increases, which promotes heat transfer efficiency between the liquid-solid interface. Besides, a larger ε23 promotes the heat transfer inside the droplet. The mass transfer to the vapor phase occurs preferentially in the vicinity of TPCL (three phase contact line) in the hydrophilic systems (θ < θc), where θc is the critical contact angle, while in most hydrophobic systems (θ > θc), the mass flux close to the TPCL is suppressed. We found that θc ∈ (102°-106°), which is different from the theoretical one, θc = 90°. The discrepancy is attributed to the existence of the adsorption layer near the TPCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jian Zhang
- Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Haibo Huang
- Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xi-Yun Lu
- Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Park J, Lee S, Kim DI, Kim YY, Kim S, Kim HJ, Kim Y. Evaporation-Rate Control of Water Droplets on Flexible Transparent Heater for Sensor Application. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19224918. [PMID: 31718113 PMCID: PMC6891349 DOI: 10.3390/s19224918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To develop high-performance de- or anti-frosting/icing devices based on transparent heaters, it is necessary to study the evaporation-rate control of droplets on heater surfaces. However, almost no research has been done on the evaporation-rate control of liquid droplets on transparent heaters. In this study, we investigate the evaporation characteristics of water droplets on transparent heater surfaces and determine that they depend upon the surface wettability, by modifying which, the complete evaporation time can be controlled. In addition, we study the defrosting and deicing performances through the surface wettability, by placing the flexible transparent heater on a webcam. The obtained results can be used as fundamental data for the transparent defrosting and deicing systems of closed-circuit television (CCTV) camera lenses, smart windows, vehicle backup cameras, aircraft windows, and sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaesoung Park
- Convergence Materials Research Center, Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), Gumi 39171, Korea; (J.P.); (S.K.)
| | - Suhan Lee
- Convergence Medical Devices Research Center, Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), Gumi 39253, Korea;
| | - Dong-Ik Kim
- Center for Integrated Smart Sensors (CISS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Young-You Kim
- Department of Physics, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea;
| | - Samsoo Kim
- Convergence Materials Research Center, Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), Gumi 39171, Korea; (J.P.); (S.K.)
| | - Han-Jung Kim
- Convergence Materials Research Center, Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), Gumi 39171, Korea; (J.P.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.-J.K.); (Y.K.); Tel.: +82-54-479-2133 (H.-J.K.); +82-54-479-2120 (Y.K.)
| | - Yoonkap Kim
- Convergence Materials Research Center, Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI), Gumi 39171, Korea; (J.P.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.-J.K.); (Y.K.); Tel.: +82-54-479-2133 (H.-J.K.); +82-54-479-2120 (Y.K.)
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Yu JJ, Tang R, Li YR, Zhang L, Wu CM. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Heat Transport through Solid-Liquid Interface during Argon Droplet Evaporation on Heated Substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:2164-2171. [PMID: 30652879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a series of molecular dynamics simulations of the evaporating process of an argon droplet on heated substrates and the energy transport mechanism through the solid-liquid interface. Results indicate that the mass density through the liquid-vapor interface decreases sharply when the evaporation is in the steady state. Meanwhile, there is an adsorption layer in the form of clusters at the solid-liquid interface, which has a higher mass density than the droplet inside. Furthermore, the wetting property of the solid substrate is related to the system's initial temperature and the solid-liquid potential energy parameter. The contact angle decreases with the increase of initial temperature and solid-liquid potential energy parameter. During the accelerated evaporation process, small part of energy transports into the liquid in the perpendicular direction to the solid-liquid interface and most of the energy transports along the parallel direction to the solid-liquid interface in the adsorption layer to the three-phase contact line. The heat-transfer process from the solid substrate to the droplet inside is hindered by the Kapitza resistance at the solid-liquid interface, no matter the solid substrate is hydrophilic or hydrophobic. Meanwhile, the Kapitza resistance gradually increases with the increase of the initial temperature and decreases with the increase of the solid-liquid energy parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Yu
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering , Chongqing University , Shazheng Street , Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044 , China
| | - Rui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering , Chongqing University , Shazheng Street , Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044 , China
| | - You-Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering , Chongqing University , Shazheng Street , Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044 , China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering , Chongqing University , Shazheng Street , Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044 , China
| | - Chun-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering , Chongqing University , Shazheng Street , Shapingba District, Chongqing 400044 , China
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Katiyar P, Singh JK. Evaporation induced self-assembly of different shapes and sizes of nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:044708. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5053974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Parul Katiyar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Jayant K. Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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Foroutan M, Fatemi SM, Esmaeilian F, Naeini VF. Evaporation of Water on Suspended Graphene: Suppressing the Effect of Physically Heterogeneous Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14085-14095. [PMID: 30362759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Evaporation of water nanodroplets on a hydrophilically adjusted graphene sheet was studied based on a molecular dynamics approach. Suspended graphene was used as a physically heterogeneous surface, and fixed graphene was considered as an ideally flat surface. State of the triple-phase contact line (TPCL) and shape evolution were addressed at four different temperatures on both substrates. Additionally, contact angle (CA) was studied during 3 and 22.5 ns simulations in both closed and opened conditions. The observed constant contact angle regime was predictable for the fixed graphene. However, it was not expected for the suspended system and was attributed to the oscillations of the substrate atoms. The size of the nanodroplet also affects the constant-contact-angle mode in both systems, when the number of water molecules decreases to less than 500. The oscillations created a surface on which physical heterogeneities were varying through time. Examination of the evaporation and condensation processes revealed higher rates for the fixed systems. Local mass fluxes were calculated to reveal the contribution of TPCL and meridian surface (MS) of the nanodroplet to evaporation and condensation. The obtained results indicate similar values for the mass flux ratio at the TPCL, which remains twice as large as the MS for both suspended and fixed graphene. The results confirm the assumption that a surface with varying heterogeneities can overwhelm the droplet and act as an ideally flat surface.
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Foroutan M, Zahedi H, Esmaeilian F. Temperature effects on spreading of water nano-droplet on poly(methyl methacrylate): A molecular dynamics simulation study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Foroutan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science; University of Tehran; Tehran 1417614418 Iran
| | - Hojat Zahedi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science; University of Tehran; Tehran 1417614418 Iran
| | - Farshad Esmaeilian
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science; University of Tehran; Tehran 1417614418 Iran
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Lee S, Kim DI, Kim YY, Park SE, Choi G, Kim Y, Kim HJ. Droplet evaporation characteristics on transparent heaters with different wettabilities. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08888d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaporation characteristics of a droplet on the surface of a transparent heater depend on the surface wettability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhan Lee
- Convergence Medical Devices Research Center
- Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI)
- Gumi 39253
- South Korea
| | - Dong-Ik Kim
- Center for Integrated Smart Sensors (CISS)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- South Korea
| | - Young-You Kim
- Department of Physics
- Kongju National University
- Gongju 32588
- South Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Park
- Convergence Materials & Parts Technology Research Center
- Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI)
- Gumi 39171
- South Korea
| | - Gyuseok Choi
- Convergence Materials & Parts Technology Research Center
- Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI)
- Gumi 39171
- South Korea
| | - Yoonkap Kim
- Convergence Materials & Parts Technology Research Center
- Gumi Electronics & Information Technology Research Institute (GERI)
- Gumi 39171
- South Korea
| | - Han-Jung Kim
- Center for Integrated Smart Sensors (CISS)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- South Korea
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