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Dao HM, Sahakijpijarn S, Chrostowski RR, Moon C, Mangolini F, Cui Z, Williams RO. Aggregation of Lactoferrin Caused by Droplet Atomization Process via a Two-Fluid Nozzle: The Detrimental Effect of Air-Water Interfaces. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2662-2675. [PMID: 35639017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Biological macromolecules, especially therapeutic proteins, are delicate and highly sensitive to denaturation from stresses encountered during the manufacture of dosage forms. Thin-film freeze-drying (TFFD) and spray freeze-drying (SFD) are two processes used to convert liquid forms of protein into dry powders. In the production of inhalable dry powders that contain proteins, these potential stressors fall into three categories based on their occurrence during the primary steps of the process: (1) droplet formation (e.g., the mechanism of droplet formation, including spray atomization), (2) freezing, and (3) frozen water removal (e.g., sublimation). This study compares the droplet formation mechanism used in TFFD and SFD by investigating the effects of spraying on the stability of proteins, using lactoferrin as a model. This study considers various perspectives on the denaturation (e.g., conformation) of lactoferrin after subjecting the protein solution to the atomization process using a pneumatic two-fluid nozzle (employed in SFD) or a low-shear drop application through the nozzle. The surface activity of lactoferrin was examined to explore the interfacial adsorption tendency, diffusion, and denaturation process. Subsequently, this study also investigates the secondary and tertiary structure of lactoferrin and the quantification of monomers, oligomers, and, ultimately, aggregates. The spraying process affected the tertiary structure more negatively than the tightly woven secondary structure, resulting in the peak position corresponding to the tryptophan (Trp) residues red-shifting by 1.5 nm. This conformational change can either (a) be reversed at low concentrations via relaxation or (b) proceed to form irreversible aggregates at higher concentrations. Interestingly, when the sample was allowed to progress into micrometer-sized aggregates, such a dramatic change was not detected using methods such as size-exclusion chromatography, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and dynamic light scattering at 173°. A more complete understanding of the heterogeneous protein sample was achieved only through a combination of 173 and 13° backward and forward scattering, a combination of derived count rate measurements, and microflow imaging (MFI). After studying the impact of droplet formation mechanisms on aggregation tendency of lactoferrin, we further investigated two additional model proteins with different surface activity: bovine IgG (serving as a non surface-active negative reference), and β-galactosidase (another surface-active protein). The results corroborated the lactoferrin findings that spray-atomization-related stress-induced protein aggregation was much more pronounced for proteins that are surface active (lactoferrin and β-galactosidase), but it was minimal for non-surface-active protein (bovine IgG). Finally, compared to the low-shear dripping used in the TFFD process, lactoferrin underwent a relatively fast conformational change upon exposure to the high air-water interface of the two-fluid atomization nozzle used in the SFD process as compared to the low shear dripping used in the TFFD process. The interfacial-induced denaturation that occurred during spraying was governed primarily by the size of the atomized droplets, regardless of the duration of exposure to air. The percentage of denatured protein population and associated activity loss, in the case of β-galactosidase, was determined to range from 2 to 10% depending on the air-flow rate of the spraying process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy M Dao
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | | | - Robert R Chrostowski
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Chaeho Moon
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Filippo Mangolini
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
| | - Robert O Williams
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas78712, United States
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Venu P, Le TN, Kumar P, Patra D, Kumar R, Lee CK, Rao NV, Shunmugam R. Efficient Design to Monitor the Site-specific Sustained Release of a Non-Emissive Anticancer Drug. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2552-2558. [PMID: 34296823 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A pH-responsive smart nanocarrier with significant components was synthesized by conjugating the non-emissive anticancer drug methyl orange and polyethylene glycol derived folate moiety to the backbone of polynorbornene. Complete synthesis procedure and characterization methods of three monomers included in the work: norbornene-derived Chlorambucil (Monomer 1), norbornene grafted with polyethylene glycol, and folic acid (Monomer 2) and norbornene attached methyl orange (Monomer 3) connected to the norbornene backbone through ester linkage were clearly discussed. Finally, the random copolymer CHO PEG FOL METH was synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using Grubbs' second-generation catalyst. Advanced polymer chromatography (APC) was used to find the final polymer's molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI). Dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to explore the prodrug's size and morphology. Release experiments of the anticancer drug, Chlorambucil and the coloring agent, methyl orange, were performed at different pH and time. Cell viability assay was carried out for determining the rate of survived cells, followed by the treatment of our final polymer named CHO PEG FOL METH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvathy Venu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata Mohanpur P. O. Nadia District, Pin No, 741-246, West Bengal, India
| | - Trong-Nghia Le
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da'an District, Taipei City, 106335, Taiwan
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata Mohanpur P. O. Nadia District, Pin No, 741-246, West Bengal, India
| | - Diptendu Patra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata Mohanpur P. O. Nadia District, Pin No, 741-246, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata Mohanpur P. O. Nadia District, Pin No, 741-246, West Bengal, India
| | - Cheng-Kang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da'an District, Taipei City, 106335, Taiwan
| | - N Vijayakameswara Rao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da'an District, Taipei City, 106335, Taiwan
| | - Raja Shunmugam
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata Mohanpur P. O. Nadia District, Pin No, 741-246, West Bengal, India
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Tengjisi, Hui Y, Yang G, Fu C, Liu Y, Zhao CX. Biomimetic core-shell silica nanoparticles using a dual-functional peptide. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 581:185-194. [PMID: 32771730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic nanomaterials have attracted tremendous research interest in the past decade. We recently developed biomimetic core-shell nanoparticles - silica nanocapsules, using a designer dual-functional peptide SurSi under room temperature, neutral pH and without use of any toxic reagents or chemicals. The SurSi peptide is designed capable of not only stabilizing nanoemulsions because of its excellent surface activity, but also inducing the formation of silica through biosilicification at an oil-water interface. However, it remains challenging to precisely control the peptide-induced nucleation and biosilicification specifically at the oil-water interface, thus forming oil-core silica-shell nanocapsules with uniform size and monodispersity. In this study, the fundamental mechanism of silica formation through a peptide catalyzed biosilicification was systematically investigated, so that the formation of oil-core silica-shell nanocapsules can be precisely controlled. The SurSi peptide induced hydrolysis and nucleation of biomineralized silica particles were monitored to study the biosilicification kinetics. Effects of pH, SurSi peptide concentration and pre-hydrolysis of silica precursors were also studied to optimize the formation of biomimetic silica nanocapsules. The fundamental understanding achieved through these systematic studies provides valuable insights for making core-shell nanoparticles via controlling nucleation and reaction at interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengjisi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Hui
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Guangze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yun Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Yang G, Liu Y, Wang H, Wilson R, Hui Y, Yu L, Wibowo D, Zhang C, Whittaker AK, Middelberg APJ, Zhao CX. Bioinspired Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Hydrophobic Drug Delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14357-14364. [PMID: 31364258 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A large range of nanoparticles have been developed to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs. However, drug loading is usually less than 10 % or even 1 %. Now, core-shell nanoparticles are fabricated having exceptionally high drug loading up to 65 % (drug weight/the total weight of drug-loaded nanoparticles) and high encapsulation efficiencies (>99 %) based on modular biomolecule templating. Bifunctional amphiphilic peptides are designed to not only stabilize hydrophobic drug nanoparticles but also induce biosilicification at the nanodrug particle surface thus forming drug-core silica-shell nanocomposites. This platform technology is highly versatile for encapsulating various hydrophobic cargos. Furthermore, the high drug loading nanoparticles lead to better in vitro cytotoxic effects and in vivo suppression of tumor growth, highlighting the significance of using high drug-loading nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Yun Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Haofei Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Russell Wilson
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Hui
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lei Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Anton P J Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.,Faculty of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Yang G, Liu Y, Wang H, Wilson R, Hui Y, Yu L, Wibowo D, Zhang C, Whittaker AK, Middelberg APJ, Zhao C. Bioinspired Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Hydrophobic Drug Delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Yun Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Haofei Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Russell Wilson
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Yue Hui
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Lei Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Andrew K. Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Anton P. J. Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
- Faculty of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Chun‐Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia
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Lv W, Hu T, Taha A, Wang Z, Xu X, Pan S, Hu H. Lipo-Dipeptide as an Emulsifier: Performance and Possible Mechanism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6377-6386. [PMID: 31117499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A lipo-dipeptide (C13-lysine-arginine, C13-KR) was designed as a potential emulsifier with good emulsifying properties under acidic condition. Compared with two traditional emulsifiers (whey protein isolate and Tween 80), C13-KR emulsion had the minimum mean size but the highest zeta potential (around +100 mV). Moreover, C13-KR emulsion showed better stability against environmental stresses, such as high salt concentrations and high temperature. The C13-KR particles had the fastest move rate around 400 Hz when it attained an equilibrium state. Furthermore, C13-KR emulsifier could sharply reduce the interfacial tension and had the lowest tension value at the oil/water interface. The interfacial tension of C13-KR emulsifier was only 3.6 mN/m (0.5% w/v). In conclusion, the lipo-dipeptide C13-KR could be considered as an emulsifier to produce emulsion under acidic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Taha
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha) , Alexandria University , Alexandria 21531 , Egypt
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Estabrook DA, Ennis AF, Day RA, Sletten EM. Controlling nanoemulsion surface chemistry with poly(2-oxazoline) amphiphiles. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3994-4003. [PMID: 31015940 PMCID: PMC6457192 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05735d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emulsions are dynamic materials that have been extensively employed within pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries. However, their use beyond conventional applications has been hindered by difficulties in surface functionalization, and an inability to selectively control physicochemical properties. Here, we employ custom poly(2-oxazoline) block copolymers to overcome these limitations. We demonstrate that poly(2-oxazoline) copolymers can effectively stabilize nanoscale droplets of hydrocarbon and perfluorocarbon in water. The controlled living polymerization of poly(2-oxazoline)s allows for the incorporation of chemical handles into the surfactants such that covalent modification of the emulsion surface can be performed. Through post-emulsion modification of these new surfactants, we are able to access nanoemulsions with modified surface chemistries, yet consistent sizes. By decoupling size and surface charge, we explore structure-activity relationships involving the cellular uptake of nanoemulsions in both macrophage and non-macrophage cell lines. We conclude that the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of poly(2-oxazoline)-stabilized droplets can be systematically tuned via chemical modification of emulsion surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Estabrook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 607 Charles E. Young, Dr. E. , Los Angeles , CA 90095 , USA .
| | - Amanda F Ennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 607 Charles E. Young, Dr. E. , Los Angeles , CA 90095 , USA .
| | - Rachael A Day
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 607 Charles E. Young, Dr. E. , Los Angeles , CA 90095 , USA .
| | - Ellen M Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , 607 Charles E. Young, Dr. E. , Los Angeles , CA 90095 , USA .
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Kaur G, Garg P, Kaur B, Chaudhary GR, Kumar S, Dilbaghi N, Hassan PA, Aswal VK. Synthesis, thermal and surface activity of cationic single chain metal hybrid surfactants and their interaction with microbes and proteins. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:2348-2358. [PMID: 30810157 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00046a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of water-soluble metal functionalized surfactants have been prepared using commercially available surfactant cetyl pyridinium chloride and transition metal salts. These complexes were characterized in the solid state by elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H NMR and thermogravimetric analysis. The interfacial surface activity and aggregation behaviour of the metallosurfactants were analysed through conductivity, surface tension and small angle neutron scattering measurements. Our results show that the presence of metal ions as co-ions along with counter ions favours micellization at a low critical micellization concentration (CMC). Small angle neutron scattering revealed that the metallomicelles are of a prolate ellipsoidal shape and exhibit strong counterion binding. This article further describes the interaction of the metallosurfactants with transport protein Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) using different spectroscopic techniques. A spectroscopic study was used to study the binding, interaction and quenching mechanism of BSA with the metallosurfactants. Gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and circular dichroism (CD) investigated the structural and conformational changes produced in BSA due to the metallosurfactants. The results indicate that there is an alteration in the secondary structure of BSA due to the electrostatic interaction between positive head groups and metal co-ions of the metallosurfactants and negatively charged amino acids of BSA. As the concentration increases, the α-helicity of BSA decreases and all the three studied metallosurfactants gave comparable results. Finally, the in vitro cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of the metallosurfactants were evaluated against erythrocytes and microorganisms, which showed prominent effects related to the presence of a metal ion in metallomicelles of the hybrid surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
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Zhou L, Xu G, Zhang Z, Li H, Yao P. Surface activity and safety of deamidated zein peptides. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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