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Sharifi N, Smith H, Madden D, Kehoe T, Wu G, Yang L, Welbourn RJL, G Fernandez E, Clarke SM. Diamond-Like Carbon: A Surface for Extreme, High-Wear Environments. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:52-61. [PMID: 38113451 PMCID: PMC10786025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present an in-depth characterization of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film, using a range of techniques to understand the structure and chemistry of the film both in the interior and particularly at the DLC/air surface and DLC/liquid interface. The DLC film is found to be a combination of sp2 and sp3 carbon, with significant oxygen present at the surface. The oxygen seems to be present as OH groups, making the DLC somewhat hydrophilic. Quartz-Crystal Microbalance (QCM) isotherms and complementary neutron reflectivity data indicate significant adsorption of a model additive, bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT) surfactant, onto the DLC from water solutions and indicate the adsorbed film is a bilayer. This initial study of the structure and composition of a model surfactant is intended to give a clearer insight into how DLC and additives function as antiwear systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Sharifi
- Institute
for Energy and Environmental Flows and Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - H. Smith
- Institute
for Energy and Environmental Flows and Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - D. Madden
- Institute
for Energy and Environmental Flows and Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - T. Kehoe
- Institute
for Energy and Environmental Flows and Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - G. Wu
- Institute
of Functional Surfaces, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - L. Yang
- Institute
of Functional Surfaces, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - R. J. L. Welbourn
- Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, STFC, Chilton, ISIS
Neutron & Muon Source, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - E. G Fernandez
- XMaS/BM28-ESRF, 71 Avenue Des Martyrs, F-38043 Grenoble, Cedex, France
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - S. M. Clarke
- Institute
for Energy and Environmental Flows and Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Investigation of AOT Surfactant Structure at the Hydrated Mica Surface. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12040479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Structural properties of the anionic surfactant dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT or Aerosol-OT) adsorbed on the mica surface were investigated by molecular dynamics simulation, including the effect of surface loading in the presence of monovalent and divalent cations. The simulations confirmed recent neutron reflectivity experiments that revealed the binding of anionic surfactant to the negatively charged surface via adsorbed cations. At low loading, cylindrical micelles formed on the surface, with sulfate head groups bound to the surface by water molecules or adsorbed cations. Cation bridging was observed in the presence of weakly hydrating monovalent cations, while sulfate groups interacted with strongly hydrating divalent cations through water bridges. The adsorbed micelle structure was confirmed experimentally with cryogenic electronic microscopy, which revealed micelles approximately 2 nm in diameter at the basal surface. At higher AOT loading, the simulations reveal adsorbed bilayers with similar surface binding mechanisms. Adsorbed micelles were slightly thicker (2.2–3.0 nm) than the corresponding bilayers (2.0–2.4 nm). Upon heating the low loading systems from 300 K to 350 K, the adsorbed micelles transformed to a more planar configuration resembling bilayers. The driving force for this transition is an increase in the number of sulfate head groups interacting directly with adsorbed cations.
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3
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Petkov JT, Penfold J, Thomas RK. Surfactant self-assembly structures and multilayer formation at the solid-solution interface induces by electrolyte, polymers and proteins. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Au@AOT films with adjustable roughness, controlled wettability and plasmon effect. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Pial TH, Sachar HS, Das S. Quantification of Mono- and Multivalent Counterion-Mediated Bridging in Polyelectrolyte Brushes. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Turash Haque Pial
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Harnoor Singh Sachar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Siddhartha Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Allen FJ, Truscott CL, Welbourn RJL, Clarke SM. Influence of surfactants on a pre-adsorbed cationic layer: Removal and modification. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 588:427-435. [PMID: 33429339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Removal of organic species from solid surfaces is a crucial process. The use of oppositely charged surfactants provides a potential method for enhanced removal. Neutron reflectometry has been used to investigate the complex behaviour of a pre-adsorbed and tenacious layer of the cationic surfactant didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) on a mica surface, during exposure to different organic species in solution. The anionic surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) was shown to be able to remove the cationic layer, but only if anionic micelles were present in solution. To facilitate comparison with the behaviour of a non-ionic surfactant, the direct adsorption of pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E5) to mica was also studied; low surface coverage adsorption was seen at the critical micelle concentration and above. C12E5 was then found not to remove the cationic layer, but did include into the layer to some degree. The presence of cationic surfactant on the mica was however shown to significantly modify the adsorption behaviour of the non-ionic surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finian J Allen
- Department of Chemistry and BP Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Chris L Truscott
- Department of Chemistry and BP Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Rebecca J L Welbourn
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron Facility, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxon, UK.
| | - Stuart M Clarke
- Department of Chemistry and BP Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Interaction of low salinity surfactant nanofluids with carbonate surfaces and molecular level dynamics at fluid-fluid interface at ScCO 2 loading. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 586:315-325. [PMID: 33148450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The advanced low salinity aqueous formulations are yet to be validated as an injection fluid for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from the carbonate reservoirs and CO2 geosequestration. Interaction of various ionic species present in the novel low salinity surfactant nanofluids with scCO2/CO2 saturated aqueous phase interface and at the interface of CO2 saturated aqueous phase/mixed wet (with CO2 and Decane) limestone surface at the conditions of low salinity at reservoir conditions are to yet to be understood. EXPERIMENTS This study, carried out for the first time in low salinity at scCO2 loading conditions at 20 MPa pressure and 343 K temperature, comprises of wettability study of the limestone surface by aqueous phase contact angle measurements using ZrO2 nanoparticles (in the concentration range of 100-2000 mg/L) and 0.82 mM Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. Molecular dynamics simulations results were used to understand the underlying mechanism of wettability alteration and interfacial tension (IFT) change. FINDINGS This study reveals that a low dosage (100 mg/L) of ZrO2 nanoparticles forming ZrO2-CTAB nano-complexes helps in wettability alteration of the rock surface to more water-wetting state; certain ionic species augment this effect when used in appropriate concentration. Also, these nano-complexes helps in scCO2/CO2 saturated aqueous phase IFT reduction. This study can be used to design advanced low salinity injection fluids for water alternating gas injection for EOR and CO2 geosequestration projects.
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Wolanin J, Barré L, Dalmazzone C, Frot D, Jestin J, Perrot H, Bauer D. Insight into Kinetics and Mechanisms of AOT Vesicle Adsorption on Silica in Unfavorable Conditions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:1937-1949. [PMID: 32045251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The structure of adsorbed surfactant layers at the equilibrium state has already been investigated using various experimental techniques. However, the comprehension of the formation of structural intermediates in nonequilibrium states and the resulting adsorption kinetics still remain a challenging task. The temporal characterization of these intermediate structures provides further understanding of the layer structure at equilibrium and of the main interactions involved in the adsorption process. In this article, we studied the adsorption kinetics of AOT vesicles on silica at different pHs at ambient temperature. The AOT vesicles were formed in a brine solution. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was used to obtain information on the kinetics of surfactant adsorption and on the structure of the adsorbed layer at the equilibrium state. Additionally, neutron reflectivity experiments were performed to provide a detailed description of the mean surfactant concentration profile normal to the surface at equilibrium. Results suggest that vesicles in the bulk influence the adsorption mechanisms. In acidic conditions, after a time-dependent structural rearrangement step, followed by the rupture of initially adsorbed vesicles, the formation of a bilayer was observed. At an intermediate and basic pH, in spite of the electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charged surfactants and silica, results demonstrated the existence of an adsorbed layer composed of AOT vesicles. Vesicles are more or less closely packed depending on the pH of the solution. Results show a non-negligible influence of NaCl addition at pH values where adsorption is initially inhibited. Vesicle adsorption at the intermediate and basic pH is probably due to the combination of attractive van der Waals interactions promoted in high ionic strength systems and the formation of hydrogen bonds. Interpretation of adsorption kinetics gave insight into adsorption mechanisms in an electrostatic repulsion environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Wolanin
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1 et 4 Avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil Malmaison, France
| | - Loïc Barré
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1 et 4 Avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil Malmaison, France
| | - Christine Dalmazzone
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1 et 4 Avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil Malmaison, France
| | - Didier Frot
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1 et 4 Avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil Malmaison, France
| | - Jacques Jestin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CNRS-CEA, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hubert Perrot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques, LISE, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniela Bauer
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1 et 4 Avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil Malmaison, France
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9
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Welbourn R, Clarke S. New insights into the solid–liquid interface exploiting neutron reflectivity. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Allen FJ, Truscott CL, Gutfreund P, Welbourn RJL, Clarke SM. Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium Bridging of AOT to Mica at Constant Ionic Strength. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5753-5761. [PMID: 30950624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The bridging effect of a series of common cations between the anionic mica surface and the AOT anion has been studied in a condition of constant ionic strength and surfactant concentration. It was found that sodium ions did not show any bridging effect in this system; however, calcium, magnesium, and potassium all caused adsorption of the organic to the mica surface. The concentrations at which bridging occurred was probed, revealing that only a very low bridging cation concentration was required for binding. The bridged layer stability was also investigated, and the interaction was shown to be a weak one, with the bound layer in equilibrium with the species in the bulk and easily removed. Even maintaining ionic strength and bridging ion concentration was not sufficient to retain the layer when the free organic in solution was removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finian J Allen
- Department of Chemistry and BP Institute , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , Cambs CB2 1EW , U.K
| | - Chris L Truscott
- Department of Chemistry and BP Institute , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , Cambs CB2 1EW , U.K
| | - Philipp Gutfreund
- Institut Laue Langevin , 71 avenue des Martyrs , Grenoble 38000 , France
| | - Rebecca J L Welbourn
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, STFC , Didcot , Oxon OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - Stuart M Clarke
- Department of Chemistry and BP Institute , University of Cambridge , Cambridge , Cambs CB2 1EW , U.K
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12
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Wood MH, Wood TJ, Welbourn RJL, Poon J, Madden DC, Clarke SM. An X-ray and Neutron Reflectometry Study of Iron Corrosion in Seawater. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:5990-6002. [PMID: 29719961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The corrosive breakdown of thin iron films supported on silicon substrates under a number of conditions is presented-in particular to understand better how iron, and hence ferritic steel, behaves in a salty water environment. A combination of X-ray and neutron reflectometry was used to monitor the structures of both metal and oxide surface layers and also organic corrosion inhibitors adsorbed at the iron/aqueous interface. A range of behavior in seawater was observed, including complete dissolution and void formation under the metal surface. Importantly, two simple treatments-UV/ozone or soaking in ultrapure water-were found to significantly protect the iron surface for considerable lengths of time, although evidence of pitting corrosion began after around 10 days. The underlying causes of the efficacies of these treatments were further investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, three potential corrosion inhibitors were investigated: (i) dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) demonstrated no ability to protect the surface; (ii) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) appeared to accelerate corrosion; and (iii) bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate showed an impressive level of protection (the neutron reflectometry results indicated a thick diffuse layer of surfactant of 23% surface coverage). These findings have been interpreted in terms of preferential inhibitor adsorption at cathodic and anodic surface sites (depending on the nature of the inhibitor).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary H Wood
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , U.K
| | - Thomas J Wood
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - Rebecca J L Welbourn
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - Jeffrey Poon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , U.K
| | - David C Madden
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , U.K
| | - Stuart M Clarke
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , U.K
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Gerold CT, Henry CS. Observation of Dynamic Surfactant Adsorption Facilitated by Divalent Cation Bridging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:1550-1556. [PMID: 29298381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic evidence of the mechanism for surfactant adsorption to surfaces of like charge has been observed. Additionally, removal and retention of surfactant molecules on the surface were observed as a function of time. A decrease in surface charge is observed when metal counterions are introduced and is dependent on charge density as well as valency of the metal ion. When surfactant species are also present with the metals, a dramatic increase in surface charge arises. We observed that the rate and quantity of surfactant adsorption can be controlled by the presence of divalent Ca2+. Under isotonic conditions the introduction of Ca2+ is also easily distinguishable from that of monovalent Na+ and provides dynamic evidence of the divalent "cation bridging" phenomenon. Dynamic changes to surface charge are experimentally determined by utilizing current monitoring to quantify the zeta potential in a microfluidic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase T Gerold
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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