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Hossain KR, Turkewitz DR, Holt SA, Le Brun AP, Valenzuela SM. Sterol Structural Features' Impact on the Spontaneous Membrane Insertion of CLIC1 into Artificial Lipid Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:3286-3300. [PMID: 36821411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: A membrane protein interaction with lipids shows distinct specificity in terms of the sterol structure. The structure of the sterol's polar headgroup, steroidal rings, and aliphatic side chains have all been shown to influence protein membrane interactions, including the initial binding and subsequent oligomerization to form functional channels. Previous studies have provided some insights into the regulatory role that cholesterol plays in the spontaneous membrane insertion of the chloride intracellular ion channel protein, CLIC1. However, the manner in which cholesterol interacts with CLIC1 is yet largely unknown. Method: In this study, the CLIC1 interaction with different lipid:sterol monolayers was studied using the Langmuir trough and neutron reflectometry in order to investigate the structural features of cholesterol essential for the spontaneous membrane insertion of the CLIC1 protein. Molecular docking simulations were also performed to study the binding affinities between CLIC1 and the different sterol molecules. Results: This study, for the first time, highlights the vital role of the free sterol 3β-OH group as an essential structural requirement for the interaction of CLIC1 with cholesterol. Furthermore, the presence of additional hydroxyl groups, methylation of the sterol skeleton, and the structure of the sterol alkyl side chain have also been shown to modulate the magnitude of CLIC1 interaction with sterols and hence their spontaneous membrane insertion. This study also reports the ability of CLIC1 to interact with other naturally existing sterol molecules. General Significance: Like the sterol molecules, CLIC proteins are evolutionarily conserved with almost all vertebrates expressing six CLIC proteins (CLIC1-6), and CLIC-like proteins are also present in invertebrates and have also been reported in plants. This discovery of CLIC1 protein interaction with other natural sterols and the sterol structural requirements for CLIC membrane insertion provide key information to explore the feasibility of exploiting these properties for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khondker R Hossain
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Daniel R Turkewitz
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Stephen A Holt
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Anton P Le Brun
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Stella M Valenzuela
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL Hub), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, , Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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Varela L, Hendry AC, Cassar J, Martin-Escolano R, Cantoni D, Ossa F, Edwards JC, Abdul-Salam V, Ortega-Roldan JL. Zn2+ triggered two-step mechanism of CLIC1 membrane insertion and activation into chloride channels. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:276009. [PMID: 35833483 PMCID: PMC9511705 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) protein family displays the unique feature of altering its structure from a soluble form to a membrane-bound chloride channel. CLIC1, a member of this family, is found in the cytoplasm or in internal and plasma membranes, with membrane relocalisation linked to endothelial disfunction, tumour proliferation and metastasis. The molecular switch promoting CLIC1 activation remains under investigation. Here, cellular Cl− efflux assays and immunofluorescence microscopy studies have identified intracellular Zn2+ release as the trigger for CLIC1 activation and membrane insertion. Biophysical assays confirmed specific binding to Zn2+, inducing membrane association and enhancing Cl− efflux in a pH-dependent manner. Together, our results identify a two-step mechanism with Zn2+ binding as the molecular switch promoting CLIC1 membrane insertion, followed by pH-mediated activation of Cl− efflux. Summary: Identification of a two-step mechanism of CLIC1 membrane insertion based on Zn2+ binding and pH activation of Cl− efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Varela
- School of Biosciences. University of Kent. CT2 7NJ. Canterbury, UK
| | - Alex C Hendry
- School of Biosciences. University of Kent. CT2 7NJ. Canterbury, UK
| | - Joseph Cassar
- School of Biosciences. University of Kent. CT2 7NJ. Canterbury, UK
| | | | - Diego Cantoni
- Medway School of Pharmacy, The Universities of Kent and Greenwich at Medway, Chatham, ME7 4TB, UK
| | - Felipe Ossa
- Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Device Innovation, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John C Edwards
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vahitha Abdul-Salam
- Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Device Innovation, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Liu X, Counil C, Shi D, Mendoza-Ortega EE, Vela-Gonzalez AV, Maestro A, Campbell RA, Krafft MP. First quantitative assessment of the adsorption of a fluorocarbon gas on phospholipid monolayers at the air/water interface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 593:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Nesiu A, Cimpean AM, Ceausu RA, Adile A, Ioiart I, Porta C, Mazzanti M, Camerota TC, Raica M. Intracellular Chloride Ion Channel Protein-1 Expression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:299-307. [PMID: 31243111 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) represents a promising target for personalized therapy. Our aim was to assess CLIC1 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cc RCC) and identify its possible prognostic role. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty cases of cc RCC were evaluated and selected for immunohistochemistry. CLIC1 expression was correlated with tumor grade, invasion and heterogeneity. RESULTS A total of 87.5% of the cases were CLIC1 positive, with either a homogeneous (31.42%) or a heterogeneous (68.57%) pattern. Low, mild and strong CLIC1 expressing tumors were defined based on nuclear (N), cytoplasmic (C), membrane (M) or combinations of them (NC, NM, CM, NCM) in terms of CLIC1 distribution. A significant correlation was found between tumor grade and percent of positive tumor cells (p=0.017). For G3 tumors, CLIC1 cytoplasmic expression was strongly correlated with high expression status (p=0.025) and tumor heterogeneity (p=0.004). CLIC1 expression was also correlated with metastasis (p=0.046). CONCLUSION We defined four cc RCC groups depending on G, CLIC1 expression and pattern: i) G3/NM/low CLIC1+, ii) G2/CM/mild CLIC1+ iii) G1 or G2/NM or CM /high CLIC1+, and iv) G2/M /high CLIC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Nesiu
- Department of Urology, Vasile Goldis University, Arad, Romania
| | - Anca Maria Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania .,Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Amalia Ceausu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ahmed Adile
- Department of Urology, Vasile Goldis University, Arad, Romania
| | - Ioan Ioiart
- Department of Urology, Vasile Goldis University, Arad, Romania
| | - Camillo Porta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia & Division of Translational Oncology, IRCCS ICS Maugeri of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Mazzanti
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Angiogenesis Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
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Zhang Y, Bracken H, Woolhead C, Zagnoni M. Functionalisation of human chloride intracellular ion channels in microfluidic droplet-interface-bilayers. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 150:111920. [PMID: 31791876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Profiling ion flux through human intracellular chloride ion channels using live-cell based techniques, such as patch-clamp electrophysiology, is laborious and time-consuming. The integration of scalable microfluidic systems with automatable protocols based on droplet-interface-bilayers (DIBs) within which ion channels are incorporated circumvents several limitations associated with live-cell measurements and facilitates testing in controllable in vitro conditions. Here, we have designed and tested novel microfluidic layouts for the formation of arrays of DIBs in parallel and developed the first example of a miniaturised, DIB-based, fluorescence assays for Cl- fluxing, allowing the investigation of the functional properties of the human chloride intracellular ion channel 1 (CLIC1). The microfluidic protocols relied on passive geometries for droplet pairing and DIB formation. Using recombinantly expressed CLIC1, we identified the best conditions to maximise protein integration into a lipid bilayer and the oligomerisation of the protein into functional ion channels. Finally, CLIC1 ion channel functionality was assessed relative to α-Haemolysin into microfluidic DIBs using the same Cl- fluxing assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Centre for Microsystems and Photonics, EEE Dept., University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hazel Bracken
- College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cheryl Woolhead
- College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michele Zagnoni
- Centre for Microsystems and Photonics, EEE Dept., University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
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Das T, Eliezer D. Membrane interactions of intrinsically disordered proteins: The example of alpha-synuclein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1867:879-889. [PMID: 31096049 PMCID: PMC6661188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral membrane proteins associate reversibly with biological membranes that, compared to protein binding partners, are structurally labile and devoid of specific binding pockets. Membranes in different subcellular compartments vary primarily in their chemical composition and physical properties, and recognition of these features is therefore critical for allowing such proteins to engage their proper membrane targets. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are well-suited to accomplish this task using highly specific and low- to moderate-affinity interactions governed by recognition principles that are both similar to and different from those that mediate the membrane interactions of rigid proteins. IDPs have also evolved multiple mechanisms to regulate membrane (and other) interactions and achieve their impressive functional diversity. Moreover, IDP-membrane interactions may have a kinetic advantage in fast processes requiring rapid control of such interactions, such as synaptic transmission or signaling. Herein we review the biophysics, regulation and functional implications of IDP-membrane interactions and include a brief overview of some of the methods that can be used to study such interactions. At each step, we use the example of alpha-synuclein, a protein involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and one of the best characterized membrane-binding IDP, to illustrate some of the principles discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapojyoti Das
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - David Eliezer
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America.
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Skoda MW. Recent developments in the application of X-ray and neutron reflectivity to soft-matter systems. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lakey JH. Recent advances in neutron reflectivity studies of biological membranes. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hossain KR, Turkewitz DR, Holt SA, Herson L, Brown LJ, Cornell BA, Curmi PMG, Valenzuela SM. A conserved GXXXG motif in the transmembrane domain of CLIC proteins is essential for their cholesterol-dependant membrane interaction. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1243-1253. [PMID: 31075359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sterols have been reported to modulate conformation and hence the function of several membrane proteins. One such group is the Chloride Intracellular Ion Channel (CLIC) family of proteins. The CLIC protein family consists of six evolutionarily conserved protein members in vertebrates. These proteins exist as both monomeric soluble proteins and as membrane bound proteins. To date, the structure of their membrane-bound form remains unknown. In addition to several studies indicating cellular redox environment and pH as facilitators of CLIC1 insertion into membranes, we have also demonstrated that the spontaneous membrane insertion of CLIC1 is regulated by membrane cholesterol. METHOD We have performed Langmuir-film, Impedance Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking Simulations to study the role of this GXXXG motif in CLIC1 interaction with cholesterol. RESULTS Unlike CLIC1-wild-type protein, the G18A and G22A mutants, that form part of the GXXXG motif, showed much slower initial kinetics and lower ion channel activity compared to the native protein. This difference can be attributed to the significantly reduced membrane interaction and insertion rate of the mutant proteins and/or slower formation of the final membrane configuration of the mutant proteins once in the membrane. CONCLUSION In this study, our findings uncover the identification of a GXXXG motif in CLIC1, which likely serves as the cholesterol-binding domain, that facilitates the protein's membrane interaction and insertion. Furthermore, we were able to postulate a model by which CLIC1 can autonomously insert into membranes to form functional ion channels. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Members of the CLIC family of proteins demonstrate unusual structural and dual functional properties - as ion channels and enzymes. Elucidating how the CLIC proteins' interact with membranes, thus allowing them to switch between their soluble and membrane form, will provide key information as to a mechanism of moonlighting activity and a novel regulatory role for cholesterol in such a process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khondker Rufaka Hossain
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Daniel R Turkewitz
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Stephen A Holt
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Height, Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Leonie Herson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Louise J Brown
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Bruce A Cornell
- Surgical Diagnostics Pty Ltd., Roseville, Sydney 2069, Australia; Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Stella M Valenzuela
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia; Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia.
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Thuringer D, Chanteloup G, Winckler P, Garrido C. The vesicular transfer of CLIC1 from glioblastoma to microvascular endothelial cells requires TRPM7. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33302-33311. [PMID: 30279961 PMCID: PMC6161795 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) is highly expressed and secreted by human glioblastoma cells and cell lines such as U87, initiating cell migration and tumor growth. Here, we examined whether CLIC1 could be transferred to human primary microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC). We previously reported that the oncogenic microRNA, miR-5096, increased the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by which it increased its own transfer from U87 to surrounding cells. Thus, we also examined its effect on the CLIC1 transfer. In homotypic cultures, miR-5096 did not increase the expression of CLIC1 in U87 nor in HMEC. However, the endothelial CLIC1 level increased after exposure to EVs released by U87, and even more by miR-5096-loaded U87. The EVs-transferred CLIC1 was active in HMEC, promoting endothelial sprouting in matrigel. Cell exposure to EVs induced cytosolic Ca2+ spikes which were dependent on the transient receptor potential melastatin member 7 (TRPM7). TRPM7 silencing prevented Ca2+ spikes and the subsequent CLIC1 delivery into HMEC. Our data suggest that the vesicular transfer of CLIC1 between cells requires TRMP7 expression in recipient endothelial cells. How the vesicular transfer of CLIC1 is modulated in cancer therapy is a future challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Thuringer
- INSERM U1231, Laboratory of Excellence Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, 21000 Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gaetan Chanteloup
- INSERM U1231, Laboratory of Excellence Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, 21000 Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pascale Winckler
- AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR, DImaCell Imaging Facility, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM U1231, Laboratory of Excellence Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, 21000 Dijon, France.,Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.,Centre Georges François Leclerc (CGFL), 21000 Dijon, France
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