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Liang H, Xia X, Liu M, Zou S, Yin T, Li H, Zhang Y, Min C, Bu Y. Competition-Induced Macroscopic Superlubricity of Ionic Liquid Analogues by Hydroxyl Ligands Revealed by in Situ Raman. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4277-4284. [PMID: 38360538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
High load-bearing capacity is one of the crucial indicators for liquid superlubricants to move toward practicality. However, some of the current emerging systems not only have low contact pressures but also are highly susceptible to further degradation due to water adsorption and even superlubricity failure. Herein, a novel choline chloride-based ionic liquid analogues (ILAs) of a superlubricant with triethanolamine (TEOA) as the H-bond donor is reported for the first time; it obtains an ultralow coefficient of friction (0.005) and high load-bearing capacity (360 MPa, more than 2 times that of similar systems) due to adsorption of a small amount of water (<5 wt %) from the air. In situ Raman combined with 1H NMR and FTIR techniques reveals that adsorbed water competes with the hydroxyl group of TEOA for coordination with Cl-, leading to the conversion of some strong H-bonds to weak H-bonds in ILAs; the localized strong H-bonds and weak H-bonds endow the ILAs with high load-bearing capacity and the formation of ultralow shear-resistance sliding interfaces, respectively, under the shear motion. This study proposes a strategy to modulate the interactions between liquid species using adsorbed water from air as a competing ligand, which provides new insights into the design of ILA-based macroscopic liquid superlubricants with a high load-bearing capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Liang
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaojie Xia
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Manqiang Liu
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shijing Zou
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Tianqiang Yin
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yanhu Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chunying Min
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yongfeng Bu
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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2
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Ge X, Wu X, Shi Q, Song S, Liu Y, Wang W. Study on the Superlubricity Behavior of Ions under External Electric Fields at Steel Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18757-18767. [PMID: 38096544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Realizing macroscopic superlubricity in the presence of external electric fields (EEFs) at the steel interfaces is still challenging. In this work, macroscopic superlubricity with a coefficient of friction value of approximately 0.008 was realized under EEFs with the lubrication of LiPF6-based ionic liquids at steel interfaces. The roles of cations and anions in the superlubricity realization under EEFs were studied. Based on the experimental results, the macroscopic superlubricity behavior of Li(PEG)PF6 under EEFs at steel interfaces is attributed to the strong hydration effect of Li+ cations and the complete reactions of anions that contributed to the formation of a boundary film on the appropriate surface. Moreover, the reduction in the number of iron oxides in the boundary film on the disc was beneficial for friction reduction. We also provide a calculation model to describe the relationship between the hydration effect and the optimal voltage position, at which the lowest friction might occur. Ultimately, this work proves that macroscopic superlubricity can be realized under EEFs at steel interfaces and provides a foundation for engineering applications of superlubricity in an electrical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ge
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiuyu Shi
- State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102209, China
| | - Shiyi Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenzhong Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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3
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Wang J, Li J, Wan S, Yi G, Yu X, Luo X, Su X, Shan Y, Cheng Q, Hu Z, Shen Y. Recycling Waste Glyceroborate to Aqueous Lubricant for Tribological Applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18558-18572. [PMID: 38049106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study attempts to explore the direct recyclability of glyceroborate from medicine pharmaceutical production wastewater into an aqueous lubricant instead of conventional waste processing methods from the tribological view. In order to determine the tribological feasibility, the physicochemical properties of crude pharmaceutical wastewater are investigated and compared with those of pure glycerol to access their potential lubrication properties. The results demonstrated that the crude pharmaceutical wastewater has better friction-reducing and antiwear properties under the same working conditions. Besides outstanding lubricating properties, the friction-induced formation of borate tribo-film and intermediate FeOOH compound favors lowering of the shear stress between the rubbing surfaces. This finding better provides an alternative to transform glyceroborate from medicine pharmaceutical production wastewater after simple distillation processing to a potential aqueous lubricant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jipeng Li
- Jiugang Hongxing Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Jiayuguan 735100, China
| | - Shanhong Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Gewen Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xianglong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyang Luo
- Jiugang Hongxing Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Jiayuguan 735100, China
| | - Xiaozhi Su
- Jiugang Hongxing Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Jiayuguan 735100, China
| | - Yu Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qianqian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- Jiangsu Hengsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Zhangjiagang 215600, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Taizhou Hailings Hydraulic Machinery Co., Taizhou 225300, China
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4
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Gao X, Cheng Y, Shi M, Chen H, Wu L, Wang T. Design of Superlubricity System Using Si 3N 4/Polyimide as the Friction Pair and Nematic Liquid Crystals as the Lubricant. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3693. [PMID: 37765546 PMCID: PMC10535595 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyimide (PI) is a high-performance engineering plastic used as a bearing material. A superlubricity system using Si3N4/PI as the friction pair and nematic liquid crystals (LCs) as the lubricant was designed. The superlubricity performance was studied by simulating the start-stop condition of the machine, and it was found that the superlubricity system had good reproducibility and stability. In the superlubricity system, friction aligned with the PI molecules, and this alignment was less relevant compared to which substance was rubbing on the PI. Oriented PI molecules induced LC molecule alignment when the pretilt angle was very small, and the LC molecules were almost parallel to the PI molecules due to the one-dimensional ordered arrangement of LC molecules and low viscosity, which is conducive to the occurrence of the superlubricity phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yuwei Cheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Miaomiao Shi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Li Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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5
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Sun S, Yi S, Li J, Ding Z, Song W, Luo J. Lithium Citrate Triggered Macroscopic Superlubricity with Near-Zero Wear on an Amorphous Carbon Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19705-19714. [PMID: 37018161 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
An amorphous carbon (a-C) film shows substantial potential for friction and wear reduction. In this work, the robust superlubricity state with a coefficient of friction of 0.002 at the maximal pressure of 1.15 GPa was realized when lithium citrate (LC) was applied as the lubricating additive in ethylene glycol (EG) to lubricate the Si3N4/a-C friction pair based on the ball-on-plate friction test. The wear rate of the a-C film was 4.5 × 10-10 mm3/N·m, which was reduced by 98.3% compared to that of the film lubricated with EG. Friction promoted the chemisorption of the LC molecules via the tribochemical reaction between the carboxylate radicals and the a-C film. The exposed lithium ions could adsorb water molecules to form a hydration layer, providing extremely low shear strength. Furthermore, the colloidal silica layer formed on the Si3N4 ball via the tribochemical reaction could reduce friction. It was difficult to destroy the formed tribochemical films under high contact pressure because they were robust, preventing the direct contact of the friction pair and resulting in the near-zero wear of the a-C film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University (Chang'an Campus), Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Shuang Yi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengmao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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6
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Du C, Yu T, Zhang L, Deng H, Shen R, Li X, Feng Y, Wang D. Macroscale Superlubricity with Ultralow Wear and Ultrashort Running-In Period (∼1 s) through Phytic Acid-Based Complex Green Liquid Lubricants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:10302-10314. [PMID: 36755437 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Liquid superlubricity has attracted much attention, due to its ability to significantly reduce friction on the macroscale. However, the severe wear caused by the long running-in period is still one of the bottlenecks restricting the practical application of liquid superlubricating materials. In this work, the obtained polyethylene glycol-phytic acid (PEG-PA) composite liquid lubricants showed outstanding superlubricating properties (μ ≈ 0.006) for Si3N4/glass friction pairs with an ultrashort running-in period (∼1 s) under high Hertzian contact pressure of ∼758 MPa. More importantly, even after up to 12 h (∼700 m of travel), only about 100 nm deep wear scars were found on the surface of the glass sheet (wear rate = 2.51× 10-9 mm3 N-1 m-1). From the molecular point of view, the water molecules anchored between the two friction pairs have extremely low shear force during the friction process, and the strong hydrogen bond interaction between PEG and PA greatly improves the bearing capacity of the lubricant. This work addresses the challenge of liquid superlubricant simultaneously exhibiting low shear force and high load-carrying capacity and makes it possible to obtain liquid superlubrication performance with an extremely short running-in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhe Du
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongtong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials, Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials, Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Haoyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruilin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yange Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials, Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Daoai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials, Qingdao 266104, China
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7
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Yin S, Ye C, Chen Y, Jin C, Wu H, Wang H. Dependence of the lubrication enhancement of alkyl-functionalized graphene oxide and boric acid nanoparticles on the anti-oxidation property. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Macroscale Superlubricity of Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots. LUBRICANTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/lubricants10070158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots (BPQDs) were synthesized via sonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation. The average size of the BPQDs was 3.3 ± 0.85 nm. The BPQDs exhibited excellent dispersion stability in ultrapure water. Macroscale superlubricity was realized with the unmodified BPQDs on rough Si3N4/SiO2 interfaces. A minimum coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.0022 was achieved at the concentration of 0.015 wt%. In addition, the glycerol was introduced to promote the stability of the superlubricity state. The COF of the BPQDs-Glycerol aqueous solution (BGaq) was 83.75% lower than that of the Glycerol aqueous solution (Gaq). Based on the above analysis, the lubrication model was presented. The hydrogen-bonded network and silica gel layer were formed on the friction interface, which played a major role in the realization of macroscale superlubricity. In addition, the adsorption water layer could also prevent the worn surfaces from making contact with each other. Moreover, the synergistic effect between BPQDs and glycerol could significantly decrease the COF and maintain the superlubricity state. The findings theoretically support the realization of macroscale superlubricity with unmodified BPQDs as a water-based lubrication additive.
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9
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Wen X, Bai P, Li Y, Cao H, Li S, Wang B, Fang J, Meng Y, Ma L, Tian Y. Effects of Abrasive Particles on Liquid Superlubricity and Mechanisms for Their Removal. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:3628-3636. [PMID: 33733780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Liquid superlubricity results in a near-frictionless lubrication state, which can greatly reduce friction and wear under aqueous conditions. However, during the running-in process, a large number of abrasive particles are generated, and because these may lead to a breakdown in superlubricity performance, they should be effectively removed. In this paper, the morphology, size, and composition of abrasive particles were verified using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and their influence on liquid superlubricity was explored through friction tests. Subsequently, different solvents were used to remove the abrasive particles, and the optimal cleaning process was determined by macroscopic tribo-tests and microscopic analysis. Finally, droplet-spreading experiments and a force-curve analysis were carried out to understand the abrasive-particle removal mechanism by different solvents. We found that SiO2 was the main component in the abrasive particles, and micron-sized SiO2 particles resulted in random "wave peaks" in the coefficient of friction and, thus, the superlubricity. Absolute ethanol + ultrapure water was determined to be the optimal solvent for effectively removing abrasive particles from friction-pair surfaces and helped the lubricant in exhibiting an ultralow friction coefficient for long periods of time. We proposed a "wedge" and "wrap" model to explain the abrasive-particle removal mechanism of different solvents. The SiO2 removal mechanism outlined in this study can be applied under aqueous conditions to improve the stability and durability of liquid superlubricity in practical engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pengpeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingbo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yonggang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liran Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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10
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Sun H, Lei F, Li T, Han H, Li B, Li D, Sun D. Facile Fabrication of Novel Multifunctional Lubricant-Infused Surfaces with Exceptional Tribological and Anticorrosive Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:6678-6687. [PMID: 33522787 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The large-area preparation of excellent lubricating materials with good resistance to leakage and an oxidation atmosphere and ease of replenishment has remained a challenge. Here, inspired by the Nepenthes pitcher slippery surface, we have fabricated multifunctional lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs) via a scalable technique, in which the solid lubricants and the lubricant oil are reciprocally well-combined to overcome their respective weakness. The designed LIS coating exhibits a multiple lubrication ability with a coefficient of friction of 0.022 and ball wear rate of 2.62 × 10-18 m3·N-1·m-1 in air, which are 21 times and three orders of magnitude lower than those of the steel-steel contact under macroscale test conditions (10 N, 5 Hz), respectively. In addition, the outstanding water-repellent and self-cleaning LIS coating enables the resistance to the strong acid or base corrosion even after 30 days of immersion, and the excellent anticorrosion performance during the electrochemical corrosion test. With the exceptional lubrication, multifunctionality performance, and large-scale fabrication capacity, the prepared LIS coating should find potential applications in machines, pipelines, navigation, infrastructures, outdoor equipment, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Fan Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - He Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Dazhi Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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11
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Mao J, Chen T, Guo L, Yang S, Xu X, Ma J, Hu J. Effect of Additives on the Foam Behavior of Aviation Coolants: Tendency, Stability, and Defoaming. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:17686-17691. [PMID: 32715255 PMCID: PMC7377318 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The foam tendency of aviation coolants (ACs) can be greatly influenced by additives. This study investigates the effect of additives on foam behaviors based on four commercial ACs and glycol aqueous solutions added with different additives. Experimental results show that the foam tendency of ACs can be greatly influenced by surfactants; however, inorganic salts have little effect on foam tendency. The volume of generated foam reaches up to 350 mL after ventilation for an AC with a surfactant, much larger than 40 mL of an AC with an inorganic salt. The surface tension of ACs reduces with the addition of surfactants, the lower the surface tension, the more the foam formation. Furthermore, the presence of arranged surfactants at the gas-solution interface can increase the intermolecular forces and enhance the liquid and viscosity of film elasticity, thereby enhancing the foam stability. Besides, the surfactants would weaken the gas diffusion of foams and affect the defoaming property of ACs accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Mao
- Department
of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force
Logistic College, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Department
of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force
Logistic College, Xuzhou 221000, China
- Key
Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department
of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force
Logistic College, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Shizhao Yang
- Department
of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force
Logistic College, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department
of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force
Logistic College, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department
of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force
Logistic College, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Jianqiang Hu
- Department
of Aviation Oil and Material, Air Force
Logistic College, Xuzhou 221000, China
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12
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Han T, Yi S, Zhang C, Li J, Chen X, Luo J, Banquy X. Superlubrication obtained with mixtures of hydrated ions and polyethylene glycol solutions in the mixed and hydrodynamic lubrication regimes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 579:479-488. [PMID: 32622097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Superlubricity is known to dramatically reduce frictional energy consumption and to improve service life of mechanical devices and biological systems. However, reduction of wear during the running-in period of friction pairs, especially under high contact pressures, still remains an unresolved issue affecting all machines. EXPERIMENTS Here the lubrication, adsorption, and conformational properties of hydrated ions and polyethylene glycol (PEG) mixtures were evaluated at different mass fractions and concentrations of PEG and salts by ball-on-disc tribometer, ζ-potential, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), and dynamic light scatting (DLS) analyses. FINDINGS These mixtures exhibited superlubricity between Si3N4 and sapphire surfaces in a wide range of concentrations and ions valency. Interestingly, a running-in phase shorter than 1 min and low wear rate of 1.85 μm3/(N·m) were observed at contact pressures up to 555 MPa, significantly higher to earlier findings. PEG chains retain random coils filling the bulk of the interfacial film without strongly adsorbing on the interfaces but significantly increasing the viscosity of lubricating film, thereby favoring hydrodynamic lubrication. Hydrated ions are strongly adsorbed on the negatively charged ceramic surfaces, ensuring a sustained hydration effect maintaining superlubricity. The outstanding lubrication characteristics of the PEG/ions mixtures were attributed to the synergistic action of hydration and hydrodynamic lubrication, which appears as a promising avenue for developing new green lubricants and has implications for industrial and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Shuang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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13
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Li S, Bai P, Li Y, Jia W, Li X, Meng Y, Ma L, Tian Y. Extreme-Pressure Superlubricity of Polymer Solution Enhanced with Hydrated Salt Ions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:6765-6774. [PMID: 32460491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of new routes or materials to realize superlubricity under high contact pressure can result in energy-saving and reduction of emissions. In this study, superlubricity (μ = 0.0017) under extreme pressure (717 MPa, more than twice the previously reported liquid superlubricity) between the frictional pair of Si3N4/sapphire was achieved by prerunning-in with a H3PO4 (HP) solution followed by lubrication with an aqueous solution consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and sodium chloride (NaCl). Under the same test condition, the aqueous PVA lubricant did not show superlubricity. Results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy indicate the formation of a PVA-adsorbed film at the frictional interface after lubrication with PVA but not after lubrication with PVA/NaCl, indicating competitive adsorption between hydrated Na+ ions and PVA molecules. The hydrated Na+ ions adsorbed preferentially to the solid surfaces, causing the transformation of the shear interface from a polymer film/polymer film to a solid/polymer film. Meanwhile, the hydrated Na+ ions also produced hydration repulsion force and induced low shear stress between the solid surfaces. Furthermore, NaCl increased the viscosity of the polymer lubricant, enhanced the hydrodynamic effect between interfaces, and decreased direct contact between the friction pair, causing a further reduction in friction. Thus, the superlubricity of the PVA/NaCl mixture is attributed to the combination of hydration and hydrodynamic effects. This study provides a novel route and mechanism for achieving extreme-pressure superlubricity at the macroscale, through the synergistic lubricating effect of hydrated ions and a polymer solution, propelling the industrial application of superlubricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Pengpeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenpeng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yonggang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liran Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Liu Y, Li J, Ge X, Yi S, Wang H, Liu Y, Luo J. Macroscale Superlubricity Achieved on the Hydrophobic Graphene Coating with Glycerol. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:18859-18869. [PMID: 32233416 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction of graphene-family nanoflakes in liquid results in a reduction in friction and enhanced wear resistance. However, the high demand for dispersity and stability of the nanoflakes in liquid largely restricted the choice of graphene-family nanoflakes thus far. This study proposed a new strategy to overcome this limitation, involving the formation of a graphene coating with deposited graphene-family nanoflakes, followed by the lubrication of the coating with glycerol solution. Pristine graphene (PG), fluorinated graphene (FG), and graphene oxide (GO) nanoflakes were chosen to be deposited on the respective SiO2 substrates to form graphene coatings, and then an aqueous solution of glycerol was used as lubricant. The coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate were reduced for all deposited coatings. However, the PG coating exhibited better lubrication and antiwear performance than FG and GO coatings. A robust superlubricity with COF of approximately 0.004 can be achieved by combining glycerol with the PG coating. The superlubricity mechanism was attributed to the formation of a tribofilm, mainly composed of graphene nanoflakes in the contact zone. The extremely low friction achieved on the hydrophobic graphene coating with liquid can aid in the development of a high-performing new lubrication system for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiangyu Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Zhang R, Chen Q, Fan X, He Z, Xiong L, Shen M. In Situ Friction-Induced Graphene Originating from Methanol at the Sliding Interface between the WC Self-Mated Tribo-Pair and Its Tribological Performance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:3887-3893. [PMID: 32176507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alcohols are reported to have superlubricity at low loads during sliding; however, their lubricity under high loads has rarely been reported. Meanwhile, the lubrication mechanism of alcohols under high loads is still not well understood. Here, we first report the lubricity of methanol under 98 N and 1450 rpm and demonstrate the formation of graphene and fullerene-like nanostructures induced by tribochemical reactions. Results show that the lubrication mechanism was mainly attributed to the friction-induced graphene under boundary lubrication condition. Besides that, the wear rate of a YG8 hard alloy ball mainly occurred at the run-in processes, and the friction-induced graphene effectively inhibited further wear after the run-in processes. The formation mechanism of graphene was well investigated, and the flash temperature rise and catalyst (WC, WO2, and WO3) were the major causes for the formation of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyi He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxue Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang 330013, People's Republic of China
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Liu W, Wang H, Liu Y, Li J, Erdemir A, Luo J. Mechanism of Superlubricity Conversion with Polyalkylene Glycol Aqueous Solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:11784-11790. [PMID: 31432683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ultralow friction coefficient (COF, μ < 0.01) was obtained through polyalkylene glycol (PAG) aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (MWs) ranging from 270 to 3930 g·mol-1 under ambient conditions. With the increase in the MWs of PAG molecules, the threshold concentration to obtain this type of superlubric behavior gradually changed from 90 to 60 wt %. This phenomenon was closely related to the interaction between PAG chains and water molecules and the state of chemical binding. In the superlubricity system, superior load-bearing capacity was achieved at optimal threshold concentrations of all PAG aqueous solutions wherein multilayered adsorption layers that consisted of fully hydrated PAG molecules were formed on the sliding solid surfaces. With respect to the concentration below the threshold value, the existence of a shearing layer was indicated to play a significant role. Thus, the synergetic effect of sufficient adsorption of molecules and the unique shear rheology of the PAG aqueous solution were essential to achieve superlubricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Hongdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- Energy Systems Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Ali Erdemir
- Energy Systems Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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Feng X, Xia Y, Cao Z. Tribological study of leaf-surface wax extracted from sorghum leaves as a lubricant additive. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1634585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Yanqiu Xia
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Zhengfeng Cao
- School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing , P.R. China
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Long Y, Bouchet MIDB, Lubrecht T, Onodera T, Martin JM. Superlubricity of glycerol by self-sustained chemical polishing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6286. [PMID: 31000766 PMCID: PMC6472501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An impressive superlow coefficient of friction (CoF) as low as 0.004 (nearly equivalent to the rolling coefficient) was obtained by sliding a steel ball against a tetrahedral amorphous diamond-like carbon (ta-C) coating in glycerol under a boundary lubrication regime. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed substantial changes in the surface chemistry and topography in the friction track. As shown by XPS analysis, a transfer of iron atoms from the steel ball to the ta-C layer occurred, forming iron oxy-hydroxide (FeOOH) termination on both surfaces. Between them, theoretical calculations show that a nanometre-thick fluid film consisting of glycerol and its degradation products prevents direct contact between the solid surfaces by nm-thick film EHL lubrication and results in the superlow friction, in agreement with the experiment. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal that hydrogen atoms act as "low-friction brushes" between sliding layers of crystalline FeOOH, resulting also in low friction. A new model of sustainable green superlubricity is proposed. The tribo-formation of FeOOH with glycerol leads to a unique polishing process, which in turn leads to a self-sustained Elasto-Hydrodynamic Lubrication (EHL) regime until the very thin fluid film is no more than a few nanometres thick. At lower thicknesses, the hydroxide layer takes over. Wear of the ta-C coating is negligible, while wear on the steel ball is very moderate and acceptable for many practical applications, such as bio-tribology and the food industry, in which green lubrication is especially needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Long
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, LTDS CNRS 5513, 69134, Ecully, France
| | | | - Ton Lubrecht
- Université de Lyon, INSA de Lyon, LaMCoS, CNRS 5259, Villeurbanne, F69621, France
| | - Tasuku Onodera
- Advanced Materials & Process Research Department, Center for Technology Innovation - Materials, Research & Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., 7-1-1 Omika, Hitachi, 319-1292, Japan
| | - Jean Michel Martin
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, LTDS CNRS 5513, 69134, Ecully, France.
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Ge X, Li J, Zhang C, Liu Y, Luo J. Superlubricity and Antiwear Properties of In Situ-Formed Ionic Liquids at Ceramic Interfaces Induced by Tribochemical Reactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6568-6574. [PMID: 30657308 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Several ionic liquids (ILs) are formed in situ with monovalent metal salts and ethylene glycol (EG). The macroscale superlubricity and antiwear properties of the ILs were studied between ceramic materials. Superlow coefficients of friction of less than 0.01 could be obtained for all ILs at silicon nitride (Si3N4) interfaces induced by tribochemical reactions. Notably, the IL ([Li(EG)]PF6) formed with LiPF6 and EG exhibited the greatest superlubricity and antiwear properties. The results of film thickness calculations and surface analysis showed that the lubrication regime during the superlubricity period was the mixed lubrication, and a composite tribochemical layer (composed of phosphates, fluorides, silica (SiO2), and ammonia-containing compounds), hydration layer, and fluid film contributed to superlubricity and wear protection. It was found that the small size of metal cations was beneficial for alleviating wear, and PF6- anions exhibited the smallest friction and best antiwear performance at Si3N4 interfaces. This work studied the lubricity and antiwear properties of ILs with different cations and anions, enriching the range of alternative ILs for macroscale superlubricity and low wear, and is of importance to engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Chenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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Ge X, Li J, Luo R, Zhang C, Luo J. Macroscale Superlubricity Enabled by the Synergy Effect of Graphene-Oxide Nanoflakes and Ethanediol. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:40863-40870. [PMID: 30388363 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene has been recognized as an excellent lubrication material owing to its two-dimensional structure and weak interlayer interactions. However, most extant works concerning superlubricity involving graphene oxide have been limited to nanoscale or microscale dimensions (of the order of 1-10 μm). In present work, realization of a robust macroscale superlubricity state (μ = 0.0037), by taking advantage of the synergy effect of graphene-oxide nanoflakes (GONFs) and ethanediol (EDO) at Si3N4-SiO2 interfaces is reported. GONFs have been observed as being adsorbed on friction surfaces, thereby preventing direct contact between surface asperities. The extremely low shear stresses developed between these asperities contribute toward enhanced superlubricity and the resulting super-low wear. Meanwhile, the formation of partial-slip hydrodynamic boundary condition at the GONFs-EDO interface along with the formation of hydrated GONFs-EDO networks through hydrogen-bond interactions contribute to the generation of extremely low shear stresses of the liquid lubricating film. Such macroscale superlubricity provides a new approach toward realization of extremely low friction in GONFs through the synergy effect with liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Rui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Chenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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