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Murugan S, Lee EC. Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Application of Vacancy-Ordered Halide Double Perovskite Materials for Solar Cells: A Promising Alternative to Lead-Based Perovskites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5275. [PMID: 37569980 PMCID: PMC10420113 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead-based halide perovskite materials are being developed as efficient light-absorbing materials for use in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). PSCs have shown remarkable progress in power conversion efficiency, increasing from 3.80% to more than 25% within a decade, showcasing their potential as a promising renewable energy technology. Although PSCs have many benefits, including a high light absorption coefficient, the ability to tune band gap, and a long charge diffusion length, the poor stability and the toxicity of lead represent a significant disadvantage for commercialization. To address this issue, research has focused on developing stable and nontoxic halide perovskites for use in solar cells. A potential substitute is halide double perovskites (HDPs), particularly vacancy-ordered HDPs, as they offer greater promise because they can be processed using a solution-based method. This review provides a structural analysis of HDPs, the various synthesis methods for vacancy-ordered HDPs, and their impact on material properties. Recent advances in vacancy-ordered HDPs are also discussed, including their role in active and transport layers of solar cells. Furthermore, valuable insights for developing high-performance vacancy-ordered HDP solar cells are reported from the detailed information presented in recent simulation studies. Finally, the potential of vacancy-ordered HDPs as a substitute for lead-based perovskites is outlined. Overall, the ability to tune optical and electronic properties and the high stability and nontoxicity of HDPs have positioned them as a promising candidate for use in photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Murugan
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Graduate School, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Lee
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Graduate School, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising and fast-growing type of photovoltaic cell due to their low cost and high conversion efficiency. The high efficiency of PSCs is closely related to the quality of the photosensitive layer, and the high-quality light absorbing layer depends on the growth condition of the crystals. In the formation of high-quality crystals, annealing is an indispensable and crucial part, which serves to evaporate the solvent and drive the crystallization of the film. Various annealing methods have different effects on the promotion of the film growth process owing to the way they work. Here, this review will present a discussion of the growth puzzles and quality of perovskite crystals under different driving forces, and then explain the relationship between the annealing driving force and crystal growth. We divided the main current annealing methods into physical and chemical annealing, which has never been summarized before. The main annealing methods currently reported for crystal growth are summarized to visualize the impact of annealing design strategies on photovoltaic performance, while the growth mechanisms of thin films under multiple annealing methods are also discussed. Finally, we suggest future perspectives and trends in the industrial fabrication of PSCs in the future. The review promises industrial manufacturing of annealed PSCs. The review is expected to facilitate the industrial fabrication of PSCs.
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0D/2D Mixed Dimensional Lead-Free Caesium Bismuth Iodide Perovskite for Solar Cell Application. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062180. [PMID: 35329631 PMCID: PMC8951690 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Bismuth-based perovskites are potentially a promising alternative for lead-free perovskites. During bond formation, however, trivalent ions on Cs3Bi2I9 with CsI/BiI3 ratio of 1.5/1 form 0D-neutral charged compounds with higher bandgap (>2.0 eV) and poor absorption capacity. Mixed 0/2-dimensional structures are potentially suitable substitutes due to their low bandgap. So far, the reported CsI/BiI3 ratios for 0D/2D structures are 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3. Herein, a new ratio of 1/1.5 is reported. Caesium bismuth iodide at a ratio of CsI/BiI3 of 1/1.5 was synthesised using a one-step processing method with/without solvent vapour annealing. During solvent annealing, a 1/4 (v/v) mixture of DMF/methanol was used as a solvent. The crystal structure formed at a ratio of 1/1.5 is more similar to 1.5/1 than to 1/3. The XRD pattern revealed additional characteristics peaks at 009, 012, 209 and 300, indicating the growth of another phase. The formed heterogeneous mixed 0D/2D structure has an extended light absorption capacity greater than 720 nm. Solvent vapour annealing improved film morphology by enhancing grain size and packing density. When cells with and without solvent vapour annealing are compared, the power conversion efficiency of caesium bismuth iodide increases from 0.26% without solvent annealing to 0.98% with solvent vapour annealing. This study establishes a new route for future research on crystal configuration, nomenclature, film and morphology, quality tailoring and applications toward the goal of lead-free perovskite solar cells.
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Corzo D, Wang T, Gedda M, Yengel E, Khan JI, Li R, Niazi MR, Huang Z, Kim T, Baran D, Sun D, Laquai F, Anthopoulos TD, Amassian A. A Universal Cosolvent Evaporation Strategy Enables Direct Printing of Perovskite Single Crystals for Optoelectronic Device Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109862. [PMID: 35007377 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed metal halide perovskite (MHP) single crystals (SCs) are in high demand for a growing number of printed electronic applications due to their superior optoelectronic properties compared to polycrystalline thin films. There is an urgent need to make SC fabrication facile, scalable, and compatible with the printed electronic manufacturing infrastructure. Here, a universal cosolvent evaporation (CSE) strategy is presented by which perovskite SCs and arrays are produced directly on substrates via printing and coating methods within minutes at room temperature from drying droplets. The CSE strategy successfully guides the supersaturation via controlled drying of droplets to suppress all crystallization pathways but one, and is shown to produce SCs of a wide variety of 3D, 2D, and mixed-cation/halide perovskites with consistency. This approach works with commonly used precursors and solvents, making it universal. Importantly, the SC consumes the precursor in the droplet, which enables the large-scale fabrication of SC arrays with minimal residue. Direct on-chip fabrication of 3D and 2D perovskite photodetector devices with outstanding performance is demonstrated. The approach shows that any MHP SC can now be manufactured on substrates using precision printing and scalable, high-throughput coating methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Corzo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tonghui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Murali Gedda
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emre Yengel
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jafar I Khan
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Niazi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhengjie Huang
- Department of Physics, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Derya Baran
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Physics, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Frédéric Laquai
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aram Amassian
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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Wenderott JK, Dong BX, Green PF. Morphological design strategies to tailor out-of-plane charge transport in conjugated polymer systems for device applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27076-27102. [PMID: 34571525 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02476k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The transport of charge carriers throughout an active conjugated polymer (CP) host, characterized by a heterogeneous morphology of locally varying degrees of order and disorder, profoundly influences the performance of CP-based electronic devices, including diodes, photovoltaics, sensors, and supercapacitors. Out-of-plane charge carrier mobilities (μout-of-plane) across the bulk of the active material host and in-plane mobilities (μin-plane) parallel to a substrate are highly sensitive to local morphological features along their migration pathways. In general, the magnitudes of μout-of-plane and μin-plane are very different, in part because these carriers experience different morphological environments along their migration pathways. Suppressing the impact of variations in the morphological order/disorder on carrier migration remains an important challenge. While much is known about μin-plane and its optimization for devices, the current challenges are associated with μout-of-plane and its optimization for device performance. Therefore, this review is devoted to strategies for improving μout-of-plane in neat CP films and the implications for more complex systems, such as D:A blends which are relevant to OPV devices. The specific strategies discussed for improving μout-of-plane include solvent/field processing methods, chemical modification, thickness confinement, chemical additives, and different post-annealing strategies, including annealing with supercritical fluids. This review leverages the most recent fundamental understanding of mechanisms of charge transport and connections to morphology, identifying robust design strategies for targeted improvements of μout-of-plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Wenderott
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ban Xuan Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter F Green
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
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Li G, Zhang Y, Lin J, Xu X, Liu S, Fang J, Jing C, Chu J. Anomalous NH 3-Induced Resistance Enhancement in Halide Perovskite MAPbI 3 Film and Gas Sensing Performance. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11339-11345. [PMID: 34780179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing interest in halide perovskite-based NH3 sensors, the NH3 sensing mechanism is still not well understood. Here, we report an anomalous behavior of resistance enhancement in CH3NH3PbI3(MAPbI3) perovskite films upon exposure to NH3 gas, which is contrary to a resistance drop trend in previously reported perovskites. We propose a NH3 sensing mechanism in which the anomalous resistance enhancement is dominated by grain boundaries of perovskites. It is demonstrated that NH3 molecules can substitute MA+ cations of MAPbI3 to form the insulating NH4PbI3·MA intermediate layers onto the surface of crystal grains, thereby resulting in an increase of resistance. Additionally, we construct the MAPbI3-based sensor, and achieve a gas response of 472% toward 30 ppm of NH3. This study suggests the potential of the perovskite-based NH3 sensors, and also provides guidance for developing high-performance sensing perovskite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guishun Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument of Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education); Department of Materials; School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument of Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education); Department of Materials; School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jianqiu Lin
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument of Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education); Department of Materials; School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xionghu Xu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument of Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education); Department of Materials; School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument of Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education); Department of Materials; School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junfeng Fang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument of Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education); Department of Materials; School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chengbin Jing
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument of Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education); Department of Materials; School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junhao Chu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument of Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education); Department of Materials; School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
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Tailor NK, Senanayak SP, Abdi-Jalebi M, Satapathi S. Low-frequency carrier kinetics in triple cation perovskite solar cells probed by impedance and modulus spectroscopy. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tailor NK, Maity P, Saidaminov MI, Pradhan N, Satapathi S. Dark Self-Healing-Mediated Negative Photoconductivity of a Lead-Free Cs 3Bi 2Cl 9 Perovskite Single Crystal. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2286-2292. [PMID: 33646788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material for device applications. Lead-based perovskites have been widely explored, while investigation of the optical properties of lead-free perovskites remains limited. Lead-halide perovskite single crystals have shown light-induced positive photoconductivity, and as lead-free perovskites are optically active, they are expected to demonstrate similar properties. However, we report here light-induced negative photoconductivity with slow recovery in lead-free Cs3Bi2Cl9 perovskite. Femtosecond transient reflectance (fs-TR) spectroscopy studies further reveal that these electronic transport properties are due to the formation of light-activated metastable trap states within the perovskite crystal. The figure of merits were calculated for Cs3Bi2Cl9 single-crystal detectors, including responsivity (17 mA/W), detectivity (6.23 × 1011 Jones), and the ratio of current in dark to light (∼7160). These observations for Cs3Bi2Cl9 single crystals, which were optically active but showed retroactive photocurrent on irradiation, remain unique for such materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar Tailor
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Partha Maity
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST),Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Narayan Pradhan
- Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Soumitra Satapathi
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 247667, India
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9
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Momblona C, Kanda H, Sutanto AA, Mensi M, Roldán-Carmona C, Nazeeruddin MK. Co-evaporation as an optimal technique towards compact methylammonium bismuth iodide layers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10640. [PMID: 32606325 PMCID: PMC7327053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The most studied perovskite-based solar cells reported up to date contain the toxic lead in its composition. Photovoltaic research and development towards non-toxic, lead-free perovskite solar cells are critical to finding alternatives to reduce human health concerns associated with them. Bismuth-based perovskite variants, especially in the form of methylammonium bismuth iodide (MBI), is a good candidate for the non-toxic light absorber. However, the reported perovskite variant MBI thin films prepared by the solution process so far suffers from poor morphology and surface coverage. In this work, we investigate for the first time the optoelectronic, crystallographic and morphological properties of MBI thin films prepared via thermal co-evaporation of MAI and BiI3. We find by modifying the precursor ratio that the layer with pure MBI composition lead to uniform, compact and homogeneous layers, broadening the options of deposition techniques for lead-free based perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Momblona
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Hiroyuki Kanda
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Albertus Adrian Sutanto
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Mounir Mensi
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Roldán-Carmona
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland.
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, EPFL Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, 1951, Sion, Switzerland.
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Kour R, Arya S, Verma S, Gupta J, Bandhoria P, Bharti V, Datt R, Gupta V. Potential Substitutes for Replacement of Lead in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2019; 3:1900050. [PMID: 31692982 PMCID: PMC6827533 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201900050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites have displayed the highest solar power conversion efficiencies of 23% but the toxicity issues of these materials need to be addressed. Lead-free perovskites have emerged as viable candidates for potential use as light harvesters to ensure clean and green photovoltaic technology. The substitution of lead by Sn, Ge, Bi, Sb, Cu and other potential candidates have reported efficiencies of up to 9%, but there is still a dire need to enhance their efficiencies and stability within the air. A comprehensive review is given on potential substitutes for lead-free perovskites and their characteristic features like energy bandgaps and optical absorption as well as photovoltaic parameters like open-circuit voltage (V OC), fill factor, short-circuit current density (J SC), and the device architecture for their efficient use. Lead-free perovskites do possess a suitable bandgap but have low efficiency. The use of additives has a significant effect on their efficiency and stability. The incorporation of cations like diethylammonium, phenylethyl ammonium, phenylethyl ammonium iodide, etc., or mixed cations at different compositions at the A-site is reported with engineered bandgaps having significant efficiency and stability. Recent work on the advancement of lead-free perovskites is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kour
- Department of PhysicsGovernment Degree College for WomenKathuaJammu and Kashmir184102India
| | - Sandeep Arya
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Sonali Verma
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Jyoti Gupta
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Pankaj Bandhoria
- Department of PhysicsGovernment Gandhi Memorial Science College JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180001India
| | - Vishal Bharti
- Departamento de Ciência dos MateriaisFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaFCTUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829‐516Campus de CaparicaPortugal
| | - Ram Datt
- Advance Materials and Devices DivisionCSIR‐National Physical LaboratoryDr. K. S. Krishnan MargNew Delhi110012India
| | - Vinay Gupta
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringKhalifa University of Science and TechnologyMasdar InstituteMasdar City54224Abu DhabiUAE
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Hamdeh UH, Ryan BJ, Nelson RD, Zembrzuski M, Slobidsky J, Prince KJ, Cleveland I, Vela-Ramirez A, Hillier AC, Panthani MG. Solution-Processed Bismuth Halide Perovskite Thin Films: Influence of Deposition Conditions and A-Site Alloying on Morphology and Optical Properties. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3134-3139. [PMID: 31117682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth-based halide perovskites have been proposed as a potential nontoxic alternative to lead halide perovskites; however, they have not realized suitable performance. Their poor performance has been attributed to substandard film morphologies and too wide of a band gap for many applications. Herein we used a two-step deposition procedure to convert BiI3 thin films into A3Bi2I9 (A = FA+, MA+, Cs+, or Rb+), which resulted in a substantial improvement in film morphology, a larger band gap, and greater compositional tunability compared toresults when using aconventional single-step deposition technique. Additionally, we attempted to reduce the undesirably wide band gap in Rb3Bi2I9 thin films by inducing chemical pressures through cation-size mismatch, with an underlying hypothesis that cation-size mismatch could induce compressive strain within the 2D Rb3Bi2I9 lattice. However, we found that all A xRb3- xBi2I9 compositions with x > 0 adopted the 0D structure, and no changes to the band gap were observed with alloy. These results imply that the band gap of A xRb3- xBi2I9 is insensitive to A-site alloying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar H Hamdeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Bradley J Ryan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Rainie D Nelson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Michael Zembrzuski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Jonathan Slobidsky
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Kevin J Prince
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Iver Cleveland
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Alma Vela-Ramirez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Andrew C Hillier
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Matthew G Panthani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
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12
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Singh K, Raghav A, Jha PK, Satapathi S. Effect of size and charge asymmetry on aggregation kinetics of oppositely charged nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3762. [PMID: 30842520 PMCID: PMC6403361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a theoretical and experimental study of the aggregation kinetics of oppositely charged nanoparticles. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations are performed for symmetric, charge-asymmetric and size-asymmetric systems of oppositely charged nanoparticles. Simulation results show that both the weight and number average aggregate size kinetics exhibit power law scaling with different exponents for small and intermediate time of evolution. The qualitative behavior of the symmetric and the size asymmetric system are the same, but the charge asymmetric system shows anomalous behavior for intermediate to high particle concentrations. We also observe a strong dependence of power law exponents on the particle concentration. Radius of gyration of the cluster that indicates how nanoparticles inside a cluster are distributed around the center of mass of the cluster shows a non-monotonic time evolution with pronounced peak at higher particle concentration. The dependence of particle concentration on aggregation kinetics as observed by predictive numerical simulation is further verified experimentally by monitoring the time evolution of aggregate size of nanoparticles assemblies of Poly (methacrylic acid) (PMMA) nanoparticles functionalized with oppositely charged ligands. These size and charge tunable asymmetric polymeric nanoparticles were synthesized by modified miniemulsion technique. The integrated approach for studying nanoparticles aggregation as described here renders new insights into super structure formation and morphology optimization which can be potentially useful in the design of new materials, such as organic photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulveer Singh
- Department of Physics, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 246777, India
- Centre of Nanotechnology, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Anubhav Raghav
- Department of Physics, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 246777, India
| | - Prateek K Jha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Soumitra Satapathi
- Department of Physics, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 246777, India.
- Centre of Nanotechnology, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
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13
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Aggrandize efficiency of ultra-thin silicon solar cell via topical clustering of silver nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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