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Kießling J, Rosenfeldt S, Schenk AS. Size-controlled liquid phase synthesis of colloidally stable Co 3O 4 nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3942-3954. [PMID: 37496621 PMCID: PMC10367999 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00032j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Spinel cobalt(ii,iii) oxide (Co3O4) represents a p-type semiconductor exhibiting promising functional properties in view of applications in a broad range of technological fields including magnetic materials and gas sensors as well as sustainable energy conversion systems based on photo- and electrocatalytic water splitting. Due to their high specific surface area, nanoparticle-based structures appear particularly promising for such applications. However, precise control over the diameter and the particle size distribution is required to achieve reproducible size-dependent properties. We herein introduce a synthetic strategy based on the decomposition of hydroxide precursors for the size-controlled preparation of purified Co3O4 nanoparticles with narrow size distributions adjustable in the range between 3-13 nm. The particles exhibit excellent colloidal stability. Their dispersibility in diverse organic solvents further facilitates processing (i.e. ligand exchange) and opens exciting perspectives for controlled self-assembly of the largely isometric primary particles into mesoscale structures. In view of potential applications, functional properties including absorption characteristics and electrocatalytic activity were probed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, respectively. In these experiments, low amounts of dispersed Co3O4 particles demonstrate strong light absorbance across the entire visible range and immobilized nanoparticles exhibit a comparably low overpotential towards the oxygen evolution reaction in electrocatalytic water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kießling
- Physical Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth Universitaetsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Sabine Rosenfeldt
- Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth Universitaetsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth Universitaetsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Anna S Schenk
- Physical Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth Universitaetsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth Universitaetsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
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2
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Takatsuji Y, Matsumoto R, Sazaki G, Oaki Y, Imai H. Construction of Millimeter-Wide Monolayers of Ordered Nanocubes as a Stain of "Wineglass Tears" Driven by the Marangoni Flow. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:4091-4099. [PMID: 36897782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We constructed millimeter-wide monolayers consisting of tetragonally ordered BaTiO3 (BT) nanocubes through the liquid film formation caused by the Marangoni flow in a toluene-hexane binary liquid containing oleic acid. A thin liquid film containing BT nanocubes was overspread on a standing silicon substrate through the condensation of toluene at the advancing front after the preferential evaporation of hexane. Then, the oscillatory droplet formation like "wineglass tears" occurred on the substrate. Finally, two-dimensionally ordered BT nanocubes were observed as a stain of "wineglass tears" on the substrate after the liquid film receded through evaporation. The presence of a thin liquid film in the binary system is essential for the production of millimeter-wide monolayers on the substrate because multilayer deposition occurs without the formation of a thin liquid film in monocomponent systems. We improved the regularity of the ordered arrays of nanocubes by adjusting the liquid component and evaporation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Takatsuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Riho Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Gen Sazaki
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19-W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Cui J, Liu E, Song T, Han Y, Jiang W. Rectangular Cylinders Formed by Compositionally Bidisperse ABC Triblock Terpolymer Blends: A Self-Consistent Field Theory Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:14889-14897. [PMID: 34905363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Compared with traditional cylinders that have circular cross-sections, cylinders with rectangular cross-sections can endow nanomaterials with various novel optical properties and functions. In this work, the formation of the rectangular cylinders self-assembled by compositionally bidisperse ABC triblock terpolymer blends has been investigated via numerical simulations based on self-consistent field theory. The specially designed blending systems are composed of two types of linear ABC triblock terpolymers that have the same total chain lengths and the middle B block chain lengths, but different chain lengths of the side A/C blocks. By tuning the chain length fractions and the interactions between different blocks, rectangular cylinders with a fourfold symmetry pattern were successfully obtained in our simulations. Each rectangular phase domain is self-assembled together by the short and long side blocks of the same species. The simulation results indicate that the selective aggregation of the short side blocks determines the formation of the rectangular cylindrical phase, i.e., the short side blocks prefer to aggregate at the four corners within a rectangular cylindrical phase domain. This simulation result reveals a formation mechanism that is different from the mechanism proposed in previous experiments [Asai ACS Macro Lett., 2014, 3, 166-169]. Moreover, under different middle B block chain length fractions, phase diagrams as a function of the interaction parameter between different blocks and the short side block chain length fraction have been constructed. The phase diagrams show that the parameter window of the rectangular cylinders is considerably expanded by increasing the chain length fraction of the middle B blocks. Our simulation works can provide a theoretical basis for molecular design to regulate and fabricate nanomaterials with nontraditional phase domains in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Entian Liu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Tongjing Song
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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Primc D, Indrizzi L, Tervoort E, Xie F, Niederberger M. Synthesis of Cu 3N and Cu 3N-Cu 2O multicomponent mesocrystals: non-classical crystallization and nanoscale Kirkendall effect. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17521-17529. [PMID: 34652362 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05767g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mesocrystals are superstructures of crystallographically aligned nanoparticles and are a rapidly emerging class of crystalline materials displaying sophisticated morphologies and properties, beyond those originating from size and shape of nanoparticles alone. This study reports the first synthesis of Cu3N mesocrystals employing structure-directing agents with a subtle tuning of the reaction parameters. Detailed structural characterizations carried out with a combination of transmission electron microscopy techniques (HRTEM, HAADF-STEM-EXDS) reveal that Cu3N mesocrystals form by non-classical crystallization, and variations in their sizes and morphologies are traced back to distinct attachment scenarios of corresponding mesocrystal subunits. In the presence of oleylamine, the mesocrystal subunits in the early reaction stages prealign in a crystallographic fashion and afterwards grow into the final mesocrystals, while in the presence of hexadecylamine the subunits come into contact through misaligned attachment, and subsequently, to some degree, realign in crystallographic register. Upon prolonged heating both types of mesocrystals undergo chemical conversion processes resulting in structural and morphological changes. A two-step mechanism of chemical conversion is proposed, involving Cu3N decomposition and anion exchange driven by the nanoscale Kirkendall effect, resulting first in multicomponent/heterostructured Cu3N-Cu2O mesocrystals, which subsequently convert into Cu2O nanocages. It is anticipated that combining nanostructured Cu3N and Cu2O in a mesocrystalline and hollow morphology will provide a platform to expand their application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darinka Primc
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Luca Indrizzi
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Elena Tervoort
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Markus Niederberger
- Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Tago M, Takasaki M, Tokura Y, Oaki Y, Imai H. Self-Assembly of 2D Nematic and Random Arrays of Sterically Stabilized Nanoscale Rods with and without Evaporation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:6533-6539. [PMID: 33993696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The adequate manipulation of nanometer-scale building blocks using dispersion systems is regarded as a fundamental technique to fabricate elaborate microstructures. Although a liquid flow with evaporation is generally regarded as an essential factor for the self-assembly of floating blocks, experimental evidence has not been sufficient to clarify the importance of the flow in the dispersion systems. In the present study, 2D nematic layers of sterically stabilized nanoscale calcite rods were achieved in a millimeter-scale region on a solid substrate via the very slow recession of an organic dispersion with evaporation. 2D random arrays of the nanorods were obtained via recession of the liquid in the same system without evaporation. When the nanorods were not sterically stabilized, 3D random arrays were formed even with evaporation. We demonstrated that the evaporation-driven flow of sterically stabilized nanorods to a confined space at the air-liquid-solid interface is essential for the formation of 2D nematic structures on a substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Tago
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Mihiro Takasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Tokura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Shepit M, Paidi VK, Roberts CA, van Lierop J. Competing ferro- and antiferromagnetic exchange drives shape-selective [Formula: see text] nanomagnetism. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20990. [PMID: 33268828 PMCID: PMC7710736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized three different shapes of [Formula: see text] nanoparticles to investigate the relationships between the surface Co[Formula: see text] and Co[Formula: see text] bonding quantified by exploiting the known exposed surface planes, terminations, and coordiations of [Formula: see text] nanoparticle spheres, cubes and plates. Subsequently this information is related to the unusual behaviour observed in the magnetism. The competition of exchange interactions at the surface provides the mechanism for different behaviours in the shapes. The cubes display weakened antiferromagnetic interactions in the form of a spin-flop that occurs at the surface, while the plates show distinct ferromagnetic behaviour due to the strong competition between the interactions. We elucidate the spin properties which are highly sensitive to bonding and crystal field environments. This work provides a new window into the mechanisms behind surface magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Shepit
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Vinod K. Paidi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
| | - Charles A. Roberts
- Toyota Motor Engineering and Manufacturing North America Inc., 1555 Woodridge Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA
| | - Johan van Lierop
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
- Manitoba Institute for Materials, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 Canada
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Deng K, Luo Z, Tan L, Quan Z. Self-assembly of anisotropic nanoparticles into functional superstructures. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6002-6038. [PMID: 32692337 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00541j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembly of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) into superstructures offers a flexible and promising pathway to manipulate the nanometer-sized particles and thus make full use of their unique properties. This bottom-up strategy builds a bridge between the NP regime and a new class of transformative materials across multiple length scales for technological applications. In this field, anisotropic NPs with size- and shape-dependent physical properties as self-assembly building blocks have long fascinated scientists. Self-assembly of anisotropic NPs not only opens up exciting opportunities to engineer a variety of intriguing and complex superlattice architectures, but also provides access to discover emergent collective properties that stem from their ordered arrangement. Thus, this has stimulated enormous research interests in both fundamental science and technological applications. This present review comprehensively summarizes the latest advances in this area, and highlights their rich packing behaviors from the viewpoint of NP shape. We provide the basics of the experimental techniques to produce NP superstructures and structural characterization tools, and detail the delicate assembled structures. Then the current understanding of the assembly dynamics is discussed with the assistance of in situ studies, followed by emergent collective properties from these NP assemblies. Finally, we end this article with the remaining challenges and outlook, hoping to encourage further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerong Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Zhishan Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Zewei Quan
- Department of Chemistry, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies, Ministry of Education, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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Sawano K, Tsukiyama K, Shimizu M, Takasaki M, Oaki Y, Yamamoto T, Einaga Y, Jenewein C, Cölfen H, Kaiju H, Sato T, Imai H. Enhancement of coercivity of self-assembled stacking of ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic nanocubes. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7792-7796. [PMID: 32219240 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10558a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The coercivity of magnetic nanoparticles is enhanced by the exchange coupling effect at the interface of ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic self-assembled monolayers. Antiferromagnetic Co3O4 nanocubes were regularly stacked on an ordered monolayer of ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 nanocubes by layer-by-layer manipulation using evaporation-driven self-assembly. The ordered arrangements of the ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic nanocubes are effective for the enhancement of the ferromagnetic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sawano
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
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Imai H, Matsumoto R, Takasaki M, Tsukiyama K, Sawano K, Nakagawa Y. Evaporation-driven manipulation of nanoscale brickwork structures for the design of 1D, 2D, and 3D microarrays of rectangular building blocks. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00960d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As children play with wooden building blocks, we would like to construct elaborate architectures through the one-by-one accumulation of nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Riho Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Mihiro Takasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Keishi Tsukiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Keisuke Sawano
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nakagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama 223-8522
- Japan
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