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Zhu Y, Droguet L, Deng J, Wang X, Li L, Dufil Y, Deschannels M, Jommongkol R, Pareseecharoen C, Grimaud A, Tarascon JM, Fontaine O. Visualizing Water Reduction with Diazonium Grafting on a Glassy Carbon Electrode Surface in a Water-in-Salt Electrolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:23899-23907. [PMID: 37129997 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous batteries are regaining interest, thanks to the extended working stability voltage window in a highly concentrated electrolyte, namely the water-in-salt electrolyte. A solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) forms on the negative electrode to prevent water access to the electrode surface. However, we further reported that the formed SEI layer was not uniform on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode. The SEI after passivation will also show degradation during the remaining time of open-circuit voltage (OCV); hence, it calls for a more stable passivation layer to cover the electrode surface. Here, a surface modification was successfully achieved via artificial diazonium grafting using monomers, such as poly(ethylene glycol), α-methoxy, ω-allyloxy (PEG), and allyl glycidyl cyclocarbonate (AGC), on glassy carbon. Physical and electrochemical measurements indicated that the hydrophobic layer composed of PEG or AGC species was well grafted on the electrode surface. The grafted hydrophobic coatings could protect the electrode surface from the water molecules in the bulk electrolyte and then suppress the free water decomposition (from LSV) but still migrating lithium ions. Furthermore, multiple cycles of CV with one-hour resting OCV identified the good stability of the hydrophobic grafting layer, which is a highlight compared with our precious work. These findings relying on the diazonium grafting design may offer a new strategy to construct a stable artificial SEI layer that can well protect the electrode surface from the free water molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Zhu
- ICGM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Lea Droguet
- College de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Jie Deng
- Institute for Advanced Study & College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, 610106 Chengdu, China
| | - Xuanze Wang
- Molecular Electrochemistry for Energy Laboratory, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 21210 Rayong, Thailand
| | - Luming Li
- Institute for Advanced Study & College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, 610106 Chengdu, China
| | - Yannick Dufil
- ICGM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Rossukon Jommongkol
- Molecular Electrochemistry for Energy Laboratory, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 21210 Rayong, Thailand
| | - Chayaporn Pareseecharoen
- Molecular Electrochemistry for Energy Laboratory, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 21210 Rayong, Thailand
| | - Alexis Grimaud
- College de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Marie Tarascon
- College de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR 3459, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Fontaine
- Molecular Electrochemistry for Energy Laboratory, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 21210 Rayong, Thailand
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Yates NDJ, Warnes ME, Breetveld R, Spicer CD, Signoret N, Fascione M. Preparation and Application of an Inexpensive α-Formylglycine Building Block Compatible with Fmoc Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. Org Lett 2023; 25:2001-2005. [PMID: 36662590 PMCID: PMC10071478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
α-Formylglycine (fGly) is a rare residue located in the active site of sulfatases and serves as a precursor to pharmaceutically relevant motifs. The installation of fGly motifs into peptides is currently challenging due to degradation under the acidic and nucleophile-rich conditions accompanying resin cleavage during solid-phase peptide synthesis. We report the synthesis of acid- and nucleophile-tolerant α-formylglycine building blocks from vitamin C and use them to prepare callyaerin A, a macrocyclic peptide containing an fGly-derived motif.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Fascione
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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Retout M, Cornelio B, Bruylants G, Jabin I. Bifunctional Calix[4]arene-Coated Gold Nanoparticles for Orthogonal Conjugation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9301-9309. [PMID: 35866876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are currently intensively exploited in the biomedical field as they possess interesting chemical and optical properties. Although their synthesis is well-known, their controlled surface modification with defined densities of ligands such as peptides, DNA, or antibodies remains challenging and has generally to be optimized case by case. This is particularly true for applications like in vivo drug delivery that require AuNPs with multiple ligands, for example a targeting ligand and a drug in well-defined proportions. In this context, we aimed to develop a calixarene-modification strategy that would allow the controlled orthogonal conjugation of AuNPs, respectively, via amide bond formation and copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). To do this, we synthesized a calix[4]arene-tetradiazonium salt bearing four PEG chains ended by an alkyne group (C1) and, after optimization of its grafting on 20 nm AuNPs, we demonstrated that CuAAC can be used to conjugate an azide containing dye (N3-cya7.5). It was observed that AuNPs coated with C1 (AuNPs-C1) can be conjugated to approximately 600 N3-cya7.5 that is much higher than the value obtained for AuNPs decorated with traditional thiolated PEG ligands terminated by an alkyne group. The control over the number of molecules conjugated via CuAAC was even possible by incorporating a non-functional calixarene (C2) into the coating layer. We then combined C1 with a calix[4]arene-tetradiazonium salt bearing four carboxyl groups (C3) that allows conjugation of an amine (NH2-cya7.5) containing dye. The conjugation potential of these bifunctional AuNPs-C1/C3 was quantified by UV-vis spectroscopy: AuNPs decorated with equal amount of C1 and C3 could be conjugated to approximately 350 NH2-dyes and 300 N3-dyes using successively amide bond formation and CuAAC, demonstrating the control over the orthogonal conjugation. Such nanoconstructs could benefit to anyone in the need of a controlled modification of AuNPs with two different molecules via two different chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Retout
- Engineering of Molecular Nanosystems, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Benedetta Cornelio
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 160/06, 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Gilles Bruylants
- Engineering of Molecular Nanosystems, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Ivan Jabin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 160/06, 50 Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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C-type cytochrome-initiated reduction of bacterial lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases. Biochem J 2021; 478:2927-2944. [PMID: 34240737 PMCID: PMC8981238 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The release of glucose from lignocellulosic waste for subsequent fermentation into biofuels holds promise for securing humankind's future energy needs. The discovery of a set of copper-dependent enzymes known as lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) has galvanised new research in this area. LPMOs act by oxidatively introducing chain breaks into cellulose and other polysaccharides, boosting the ability of cellulases to act on the substrate. Although several proteins have been implicated as electron sources in fungal LPMO biochemistry, no equivalent bacterial LPMO electron donors have been previously identified, although the proteins Cbp2D and E from Cellvibrio japonicus have been implicated as potential candidates. Here we analyse a small c-type cytochrome (CjX183) present in Cellvibrio japonicus Cbp2D, and show that it can initiate bacterial CuII/I LPMO reduction and also activate LPMO-catalyzed cellulose-degradation. In the absence of cellulose, CjX183-driven reduction of the LPMO results in less H2O2 production from O2, and correspondingly less oxidative damage to the enzyme than when ascorbate is used as the reducing agent. Significantly, using CjX183 as the activator maintained similar cellulase boosting levels relative to the use of an equivalent amount of ascorbate. Our results therefore add further evidence to the impact that the choice of electron source can have on LPMO action. Furthermore, the study of Cbp2D and other similar proteins may yet reveal new insight into the redox processes governing polysaccharide degradation in bacteria.
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Wu T, Fitchett CM, Brooksby PA, Downard AJ. Building Tailored Interfaces through Covalent Coupling Reactions at Layers Grafted from Aryldiazonium Salts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:11545-11570. [PMID: 33683855 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aryldiazonium ions are widely used reagents for surface modification. Attractive aspects of their use include wide substrate compatibility (ranging from plastics to carbons to metals and metal oxides), formation of stable covalent bonding to the substrate, simplicity of modification methods that are compatible with organic and aqueous solvents, and the commercial availability of many aniline precursors with a straightforward conversion to the active reagent. Importantly, the strong bonding of the modifying layer to the surface makes the method ideally suited to further on-surface (postfunctionalization) chemistry. After an initial grafting from a suitable aryldiazonium ion to give an anchor layer, a target species can be coupled to the layer, hugely expanding the range of species that can be immobilized. This strategy has been widely employed to prepare materials for numerous applications including chemical sensors, biosensors, catalysis, optoelectronics, composite materials, and energy conversion and storage. In this Review our goal is first to summarize how a target species with a particular functional group may be covalently coupled to an appropriate anchor layer. We then review applications of the resulting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Christopher M Fitchett
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Paula A Brooksby
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Alison J Downard
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Lloyd-Laney HO, Yates NDJ, Robinson MJ, Hewson AR, Firth JD, Elton DM, Zhang J, Bond AM, Parkin A, Gavaghan DJ. Using Purely Sinusoidal Voltammetry for Rapid Inference of Surface-Confined Electrochemical Reaction Parameters. Anal Chem 2021; 93:2062-2071. [PMID: 33417431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alternating current (AC) voltammetric techniques are experimentally powerful as they enable Faradaic current to be isolated from non-Faradaic contributions. Finding the best global fit between experimental voltammetric data and simulations based on reaction models requires searching a substantial parameter space at high resolution. In this paper, we estimate parameters from purely sinusoidal voltammetry (PSV) experiments, investigating the redox reactions of a surface-confined ferrocene derivative. The advantage of PSV is that a complete experiment can be simulated relatively rapidly, compared to other AC voltammetric techniques. In one example involving thermodynamic dispersion, a PSV parameter inference effort requiring 7,500,000 simulations was completed in 7 h, whereas the same process for our previously used technique, ramped Fourier transform AC voltammetry (ramped FTACV), would have taken 4 days. Using both synthetic and experimental data with a surface confined diazonium substituted ferrocene derivative, it is shown that the PSV technique can be used to recover the key chemical and physical parameters. By applying techniques from Bayesian inference and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, the confidence, distribution, and degree of correlation of the recovered parameters was visualized and quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry O Lloyd-Laney
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Wolfson Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QD United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas D J Yates
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J Robinson
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Wolfson Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QD United Kingdom
| | - Alice R Hewson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Jack D Firth
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Darrell M Elton
- School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800 Australia
| | - Alan M Bond
- School of Chemistry and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800 Australia
| | - Alison Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David J Gavaghan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Wolfson Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QD United Kingdom
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