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Kumar P, Vahidzadeh E, Alam KM, Laishram D, Cui K, Shankar K. Radial Nano-Heterojunctions Consisting of CdS Nanorods Wrapped by 2D CN:PDI Polymer with Deep HOMO for Photo-Oxidative Water Splitting, Dye Degradation and Alcohol Oxidation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091481. [PMID: 37177028 PMCID: PMC10180281 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy harvesting using semiconductor photocatalysis offers an enticing solution to two of the biggest societal challenges, energy scarcity and environmental pollution. After decades of effort, no photocatalyst exists which can simultaneously meet the demand for excellent absorption, high quantum efficiency and photochemical resilience/durability. While CdS is an excellent photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution, pollutant degradation and organic synthesis, photocorrosion of CdS leads to the deactivation of the catalyst. Surface passivation of CdS with 2D graphitic carbon nitrides (CN) such as g-C3N4 and C3N5 has been shown to mitigate the photocorrosion problem but the poor oxidizing power of photogenerated holes in CN limits the utility of this approach for photooxidation reactions. We report the synthesis of exfoliated 2D nanosheets of a modified carbon nitride constituted of tris-s-triazine (C6N7) linked pyromellitic dianhydride polydiimide (CN:PDI) with a deep oxidative highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) position, which ensures sufficient oxidizing power for photogenerated holes in CN. The heterojunction formed by the wrapping of mono-/few layered CN:PDI on CdS nanorods (CdS/CN:PDI) was determined to be an excellent photocatalyst for oxidation reactions including photoelectrochemical water splitting, dye decolorization and the photocatalytic conversion of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. Extensive structural characterization using HR-TEM, Raman, XPS, etc., confirmed wrapping of few-layered CN:PDI on CdS nanorods. The increased photoactivity in CdS/CN:PDI catalyst was ascribed to facile electron transfer from CdS to CN:PDI in comparison to CdS/g-C3N4, leading to an increased electron density on the surface of the photocatalyst to drive chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ehsan Vahidzadeh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Kazi M Alam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Devika Laishram
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 34201, India
| | - Kai Cui
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Karthik Shankar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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2
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Prakash J, Nechiyil D, Ali K, Sharma SK, Dey A, Uppal S, Arya A. Band gap and defect engineering of bismuth vanadate using La, Ce, Zr dopants to obtain a photoelectrochemical system for ultra-sensitive detection of glucose in blood serum. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1989-2001. [PMID: 36691943 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03304f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is a promising photoactive material for the design of photoelectrochemical (PEC) analytical devices for the non-enzymatic detection of glucose. In this work, un-doped and La/Ce/Zr doped BiVO4 photo anodes were developed by spray pyrolysis coating to generate unique 2D hierarchical architectures using the facile ultrasonic spray coating technique without any complex pre or post-treatment. The influence of different dopants on the morphology and photoelectrochemical activity of BiVO4 coatings was investigated. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis optical absorbance, and positron annihilation techniques were used to evaluate the structure, defects, and optical properties of BiVO4 films. DFT simulation confirmed the Zr doping induced band gap reduction in the BiVO4 lattice. The Zr doping on the Bi site in BiVO4 lattice provided significantly low Bi and V-based defect density and a higher bulk diffusion length of charge pairs (4 times that of pristine) as well as charge transfer efficiency and this led to the foremost photocurrent for water splitting. The Zr-doped BiVO4 photo anode showed remarkable sensitivity in glucose sensing. The sensitivity and limit of detection of the Zr-doped BiVO4 PEC device towards glucose were 0.14 mA cm-2 mM-1 and 1.22 μM, respectively, in the concentration range of 1-7 mM. The system showed sensitive detection of glucose in blood serum. This is the first time that a 2D morphology electrode design consisting of Zr-doped BiVO4, which leads to exceptionally high sensitivity for glucose sensing, has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Prakash
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Divya Nechiyil
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
| | - Kawsar Ali
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
| | - Sandeep K Sharma
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Anusree Dey
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sheetal Uppal
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Ashok Arya
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai-400094, India
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3
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Xin C, Cheng Y, Wang J, Sun Q, Liu E, Hu X, Miao H. Hole Storage Interfacial Regulation of Sb 2Se 3 Photocathode with Significantly Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:627-637. [PMID: 36575821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although interfacial engineering materials for antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) photocathodes have been intensively studied, most of the previous research has focused on the development of photogenerated electron transfer promoters. In this work, Sb2Se3 photocathodes are innovatively modified by using ferrihydrite (Fh), which has been widely used as a hole storage layer in photoanodes. After modifying Fh, the photocurrent density of the Sb2Se3 photocathode was increased from -0.27 to -1.6 mA cm-2 at 0 VRHE with the onset potential positive shift about 150 mV, and an impressive injection efficiency of 83.84% was achieved. The major contribution of Fh to the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance enhancement was demonstrated by various characterization studies. The results show that the enhancement performance of PEC is largely attributed to the capture of back-migrating holes by Fh, the reduction of interfacial charge transfer resistance, and the significant increase in electrochemical active surface area (ECSA). This work presents new insights into the application of hole storage layers in Sb2Se3-based photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xin
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an710069, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Cheng
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an710069, P.R. China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710049, P.R. China
| | - Qian Sun
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an710069, P.R. China
| | - Enzhou Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an710069, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an710069, P.R. China
| | - Hui Miao
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an710069, P.R. China
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Khusnun N, Arshad A, Jalil A, Firmansyah L, Hassan N, Nabgan W, Fauzi A, Bahari M, Ya'aini N, Johari A, Saravanan R. An avant-garde of carbon-doped photoanode materials on photo-electrochemical water splitting performance: A review. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.117139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Thangamuthu M, Ruan Q, Ohemeng PO, Luo B, Jing D, Godin R, Tang J. Polymer Photoelectrodes for Solar Fuel Production: Progress and Challenges. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11778-11829. [PMID: 35699661 PMCID: PMC9284560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Converting solar energy to fuels has attracted substantial interest over the past decades because it has the potential to sustainably meet the increasing global energy demand. However, achieving this potential requires significant technological advances. Polymer photoelectrodes are composed of earth-abundant elements, e.g. carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, which promise to be more economically sustainable than their inorganic counterparts. Furthermore, the electronic structure of polymer photoelectrodes can be more easily tuned to fit the solar spectrum than inorganic counterparts, promising a feasible practical application. As a fast-moving area, in particular, over the past ten years, we have witnessed an explosion of reports on polymer materials, including photoelectrodes, cocatalysts, device architectures, and fundamental understanding experimentally and theoretically, all of which have been detailed in this review. Furthermore, the prospects of this field are discussed to highlight the future development of polymer photoelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madasamy Thangamuthu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Qiushi Ruan
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast
University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Peter Osei Ohemeng
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of British
Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Bing Luo
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- International
Research Center for Renewable Energy & State Key Laboratory of
Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Dengwei Jing
- International
Research Center for Renewable Energy & State Key Laboratory of
Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Robert Godin
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of British
Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Junwang Tang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
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Kumar M, Ansari MNM, Boukhris I, Al‐Buriahi MS, Alrowaili ZA, Alfryyan N, Thomas P, Vaish R. Sonophotocatalytic Dye Degradation Using rGO-BiVO 4 Composites. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2022; 6:2100132. [PMID: 35712021 PMCID: PMC9189135 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/bismuth vanadate BiVO4 composites are fabricated with varied rGO amounts (0, 1, 2, and 3 wt%) through the synergetic effects of ultrasonication, photoinduced reduction, and hydrothermal methods, and the materials are tested as tools for sonophotocatalytic methylene blue (MB) dye degradation. The effect of rGO content on the sonophotocatalytic dye degradation capabilities of the composites are explored. Characterization of the proposed materials is done through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy. The coexistence of BiVO4 and rGO is confirmed using Raman spectroscopy and XRD. TEM confirms the existence of interfaces between rGO and BiVO4 and XPS affirms the existence of varied elemental oxidation states. In order to investigate the charge carriers transportation, time-dependent photocurrent responses of BiVO4 and 2 wt%- rGO/BiVO4 are done under visible light irradiation. The sonophotocatalytic MB dye degradation in an aqueous medium displays promising enhancement with rGO doping in rGO/BiVO4 composite. The 2 wt%- rGO/BiVO4 sample exhibits ≈52% MB dye degradation efficiency as compared to pure BiVO4 (≈25%) in 180 min of the sonophotocatalysis experiment. Phytotoxicity analysis through germination index is done using vigna radiata seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- School of EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MandiMandiHimachal Pradesh175005India
| | - M. N. M. Ansari
- Institute of Power EngineeringUniversiti Tenaga NasionalKajangSelangor43000Malaysia
| | - Imed Boukhris
- Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP. O. Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia
- Laboratoire des matériaux composites céramiques et polymères (LaMaCoP)Département de PhysiqueFaculté des Sciences de SfaxUniversité de Sfax BP 805Sfax3000Tunisia
| | - M. S. Al‐Buriahi
- Department of PhysicsSakarya UniversityEsentepe CampusSakarya54187Turkey
| | - Z. A. Alrowaili
- Physics departmentCollege of ScienceJouf UniversityP. O. Box 2014SakakaSaudi Arabia
| | - Nada Alfryyan
- Department of PhysicsCollege of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP. O. Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia
| | - P. Thomas
- Central Power Research InstituteDielectric Materials Division BengaluruKarnataka560080India
| | - Rahul Vaish
- School of EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MandiMandiHimachal Pradesh175005India
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Cao Y, Yang Y, Zhang R, Li S, Zhang J, Xie T, Wang D, Lin Y. Investigation on Al 3+ and Al 2O 3 Coexist in BiVO 4 for Efficient Methylene Blue Degradation: Insight into Surface States and Charge Separation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7617-7624. [PMID: 34115506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of Al-doped BiVO4 composites have been synthesized via the hydrothermal method for methylene blue (MB) degradation application. The reasons for the improvement of photocatalytic performance was explained from the perspective of optics. Transient photovoltage (TPV) measurements suggested that the surface states have the priority to capture photogenerated carriers, and the Al2O3 surface passivation layer can prolong the lifetime of charge carrier. The results of surface photovoltage (SPV), transient photovoltage (TPV), and surface photocurrent (SPC) measurements suggested that the coexistence of Al3+ and Al2O3 caused by the appropriate doping would improve the transfer property and prolong the lifetime of photogenerated carriers. Finally, the possible photocatalytic mechanism is expounded to illustrate the photogenerated charge behavior under visible light irradiation. This work provides a better understanding of the synergistic effect of Al-doping and Al2O3 passivation layer on enhancing the photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Cao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Youzhi Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jinteng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tengfeng Xie
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Dejun Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Lin
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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8
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Recent advances in bismuth vanadate-based photocatalysts for photoelectrochemical water splitting. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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9
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Carminati SA, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez I, de Morais A, da Silva BL, Melo MA, Souza FL, Nogueira AF. Challenges and prospects about the graphene role in the design of photoelectrodes for sunlight-driven water splitting. RSC Adv 2021; 11:14374-14398. [PMID: 35424005 PMCID: PMC8698315 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives have emerged as potential materials for several technological applications including sunlight-driven water splitting reactions. This review critically addresses the latest achievements concerning the use of graphene as a player in the design of hybrid-photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical cells. Insights about the charge carrier dynamics of graphene-based photocatalysts which include metal oxides and non-metal oxide semiconductors are also discussed. The concepts underpinning the continued progress in the field of graphene/photoelectrodes, including different graphene structures, architecture as well as the possible mechanisms for hydrogen and oxygen reactions are also presented. Despite several reports having demonstrated the potential of graphene-based photocatalysts, the achieved performance remains far from the targeted benchmark efficiency for commercial application. This review also highlights the challenges and opportunities related to graphene application in photoelectrochemical cells for future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulo A Carminati
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Ingrid Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Santo André São Paulo 09210-580 Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano) Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Andreia de Morais
- Center for Information Technology Renato Archer (CTI Renato Archer) Rodovia D. Pedro I, km 143.6 13069-901 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Bruno L da Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Mauricio A Melo
- Institute of Chemistry, Fluminense Federal University Outeiro de São João Batista, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói Rio de Janeiro 24020-141 Brazil
| | - Flavio L Souza
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Santo André São Paulo 09210-580 Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano) Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Ana F Nogueira
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) PO Box 6154 Campinas São Paulo 13083-970 Brazil
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Prasad U, Prakash J, Shi X, Sharma SK, Peng X, Kannan AM. Role of Alkali Metal in BiVO 4 Crystal Structure for Enhancing Charge Separation and Diffusion Length for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52808-52818. [PMID: 33185439 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alkali metal (Na or K) doping in BiVO4 was examined systematically for enhancing bulk charge separation and transport in addition to improving charge transfer from the surface. The alkali metal-doped BiVO4 thin film photoanodes having nanostructured porous grain surface morphology exhibited better photocurrent density than pristine BiVO4. In particular, Na:BiVO4/Fe:Ni/Co-Pi photoanode showed a significantly improved photocurrent of 3.2 ± 0.15 mA·cm-2 in 0.1 M K2HPO4 electrolyte at 1.23 VRHE under 1 sun illumination. The depth-dependent Doppler broadening spectroscopy measurements confirmed the significant reduction in Bi- and V-based defect density with Na metal doping, and this led to a higher bulk diffusion length of charge pairs (four times that of the pristine one). Na doping led to reduced surface defects resulting in improved surface charge transfer based on cyclic voltammetry experiments. The density functional theory calculations confirmed the improved performance in Na-doped BiVO4 photoanodes achieved through interband formation and reduction in the band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Prasad
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
| | - Jyoti Prakash
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Xuan Shi
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
| | - Sandeep K Sharma
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 40085, India
| | - Xihong Peng
- Science and Mathematics, College of Integrative Sciences and Arts, Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
| | - Arunachala M Kannan
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona 85212, United States
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