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Hsu HP, Singh MK, Cang Y, Thérien-Aubin H, Mezger M, Berger R, Lieberwirth I, Fytas G, Kremer K. Free Standing Dry and Stable Nanoporous Polymer Films Made through Mechanical Deformation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2207472. [PMID: 37096844 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A new straight forward approach to create nanoporous polymer membranes with well defined average pore diameters is presented. The method is based on fast mechanical deformation of highly entangled polymer films at high temperatures and a subsequent quench far below the glass transition temperature Tg . The process is first designed generally by simulation and then verified for the example of polystyrene films. The methodology does not need any chemical processing, supporting substrate, or self assembly process and is solely based on polymer inherent entanglement effects. Pore diameters are of the order of ten polymer reptation tube diameters. The resulting membranes are stable over months at ambient conditions and display remarkable elastic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ping Hsu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manjesh K Singh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India
| | - Yu Cang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Zhangwu Road 100, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Héloïse Thérien-Aubin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Markus Mezger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, Wien, 1090, Austria
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - George Fytas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kurt Kremer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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Syed S, MacKintosh FC, Shivers JL. Structural Features and Nonlinear Rheology of Self-Assembled Networks of Cross-Linked Semiflexible Polymers. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10741-10749. [PMID: 36475770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c05439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Disordered networks of semiflexible filaments are common support structures in biology. Familiar examples include fibrous matrices in blood clots, bacterial biofilms, and essential components of cells and tissues of plants, animals, and fungi. Despite the ubiquity of these networks in biomaterials, we have only a limited understanding of the relationship between their structural features and their highly strain-sensitive mechanical properties. In this work, we perform simulations of three-dimensional networks produced by the irreversible formation of cross-links between linker-decorated semiflexible filaments. We characterize the structure of networks formed by a simple diffusion-dependent assembly process and measure their associated steady-state rheological features at finite temperature over a range of applied prestrains that encompass the strain-stiffening transition. We quantify the dependence of network connectivity on cross-linker availability and detail the associated connectivity dependence of both linear elasticity and nonlinear strain-stiffening behavior, drawing comparisons with prior experimental measurements of the cross-linker concentration-dependent elasticity of actin gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saamiya Syed
- College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States.,Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Fred C MacKintosh
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jordan L Shivers
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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Tauber J, van der Gucht J, Dussi S. Stretchy and disordered: Toward understanding fracture in soft network materials via mesoscopic computer simulations. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:160901. [PMID: 35490006 DOI: 10.1063/5.0081316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft network materials exist in numerous forms ranging from polymer networks, such as elastomers, to fiber networks, such as collagen. In addition, in colloidal gels, an underlying network structure can be identified, and several metamaterials and textiles can be considered network materials as well. Many of these materials share a highly disordered microstructure and can undergo large deformations before damage becomes visible at the macroscopic level. Despite their widespread presence, we still lack a clear picture of how the network structure controls the fracture processes of these soft materials. In this Perspective, we will focus on progress and open questions concerning fracture at the mesoscopic scale, in which the network architecture is clearly resolved, but neither the material-specific atomistic features nor the macroscopic sample geometries are considered. We will describe concepts regarding the network elastic response that have been established in recent years and turn out to be pre-requisites to understand the fracture response. We will mostly consider simulation studies, where the influence of specific network features on the material mechanics can be cleanly assessed. Rather than focusing on specific systems, we will discuss future challenges that should be addressed to gain new fundamental insights that would be relevant across several examples of soft network materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Tauber
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper van der Gucht
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Dussi
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Wang Y, Niu K, Wang L, Xia W. A molecular dynamics study of mechanical properties of bioinspired functionally graded Cu-Ni alloy. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2042532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kangmin Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Department of Civil, Constuction and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
- Materials and Nanotechnology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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Wang J, in ’t Veld PJ, Robbins MO, Ge T. Effects of Coarse-Graining on Molecular Simulation of Craze Formation in Polymer Glass. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | | | - Mark O. Robbins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Ting Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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