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Abou-Ezze K, Llevot A, Taton D. Exploiting the Reversible Dimerization of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes to Access Dynamic Polymer Networks with an Organocatalytic Activity. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:1008-1015. [PMID: 39052990 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The capability of some N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) to reversibly dimerize is exploited to access dynamic polymer networks. Benzimidazolium motifs serving as NHC precursors have thus been supported onto copolymer chains by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of styrene and up to 20 mol % of 4-vinylbenzyl-ethyl-benzimidazolium chloride. Molecular versions of 1,3-dialkyl benzimidazolium salts have been synthesized as models, the deprotonation of which with a strong base yields the NHC dimers in the form of tetraaminoalkenes. The crossover reaction between two distinct NHC homodimers, forming heterodimers, is then evidenced. Applying this deprotonation method to the RAFT-derived copolymers leads to polymer networks with cross-links consisting of labile dimerized NHC motifs. These networks can be subsequently decross-linked using two distinct triggers, namely, a monofunctional NHC precursor as competitor and carbon dioxide (CO2). In the latter case, regeneration of the network occurs by chemically fueling the linear copolymer bearing benzimidazolium motifs with tBuOK in the presence of trace amounts of water. The same networks can also be used as latent precursors of transient polyNHCs to catalyze the benzoin condensation upon heating. The polymer-supported organocatalysts can thus be used in successive catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Abou-Ezze
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, UMR 5629, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Audrey Llevot
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, UMR 5629, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Daniel Taton
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), UMR 5629, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, UMR 5629, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
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Wang YC, Shao YJ, Liou GS, Nagao S, Makino Y, Akiyama E, Kato M, Shimomoto H, Ihara E. Synthesis and electrochromic properties of polyamines containing a 4,4′-diaminotriphenylamine- N, N′-diyl unit in the polymer backbone: Ru-catalyzed N–H insertion polycondensation of 1,4-phenylenebis(diazoacetate) with 4,4′-diaminotriphenylamine derivatives. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01118b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Polycondensation of a bis(diazocarbonyl) compound and diaminotriphenylamine derivatization via Ru-catalyzed N–H insertion to afford electroactive polyamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chi Wang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Shao
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Sheng Liou
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sota Nagao
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yusuke Makino
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Eita Akiyama
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kato
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimomoto
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Eiji Ihara
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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