1
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Park EJ, Jannasch P, Miyatake K, Bae C, Noonan K, Fujimoto C, Holdcroft S, Varcoe JR, Henkensmeier D, Guiver MD, Kim YS. Aryl ether-free polymer electrolytes for electrochemical and energy devices. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5704-5780. [PMID: 38666439 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00186e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Anion exchange polymers (AEPs) play a crucial role in green hydrogen production through anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. The chemical stability of AEPs is paramount for stable system operation in electrolysers and other electrochemical devices. Given the instability of aryl ether-containing AEPs under high pH conditions, recent research has focused on quaternized aryl ether-free variants. The primary goal of this review is to provide a greater depth of knowledge on the synthesis of aryl ether-free AEPs targeted for electrochemical devices. Synthetic pathways that yield polyaromatic AEPs include acid-catalysed polyhydroxyalkylation, metal-promoted coupling reactions, ionene synthesis via nucleophilic substitution, alkylation of polybenzimidazole, and Diels-Alder polymerization. Polyolefinic AEPs are prepared through addition polymerization, ring-opening metathesis, radiation grafting reactions, and anionic polymerization. Discussions cover structure-property-performance relationships of AEPs in fuel cells, redox flow batteries, and water and CO2 electrolysers, along with the current status of scale-up synthesis and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Park
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | | | - Kenji Miyatake
- University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8510, Japan
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Chulsung Bae
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Kevin Noonan
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Cy Fujimoto
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA
| | | | | | - Dirk Henkensmeier
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
- KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
- KU-KIST School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Michael D Guiver
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yu Seung Kim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
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2
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Hyun SM, Marathianos A, Boeck PT, Ghiviriga I, Lester DW, Sumerlin BS, Veige AS. Influence of solvent on cyclic polynorbornene tacticity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13993-13996. [PMID: 37938062 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04167k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Tacticity is critical to polymer properties. The influence of solvent on tacticity in the catalytic synthesis of cyclic polynorbornene (c-PNB) is reported. In toluene cis,syndiotactic c-PNB forms; in THF, cis,syn/iso c-PNB forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min Hyun
- University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Arkadios Marathianos
- Polymer Characterization Research Technology Platform, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Parker T Boeck
- University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
- University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Daniel W Lester
- Polymer Characterization Research Technology Platform, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Adam S Veige
- University of Florida, Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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3
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Rigoglioso VP, Boydston AJ. Flow Optimization of Photoredox-Mediated Metal-Free Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1479-1485. [PMID: 37870749 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Photoredox-mediated metal-free ring-opening metathesis polymerization (MF-ROMP) is a convenient metal-free method to produce a variety of ROMP polymers. Transitioning MF-ROMP from a batch to a continuous flow process has yet to be demonstrated and could potentially benefit the production efficiency, safety, and modularity of reaction conditions. We designed and evaluated continuous flow and droplet flow setups and compared the results for MF-ROMP across a short series of common monomers. By using the droplet flow reactor setup, we achieved flow conversions comparable to that of batch and circumvented issues with diffusion-limited mixing and air exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent P Rigoglioso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Andrew J Boydston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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4
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Takebayashi S, Iron MA, Feller M, Rivada-Wheelaghan O, Leitus G, Diskin-Posner Y, Shimon LJW, Avram L, Carmieli R, Wolf SG, Cohen-Ofri I, Sanguramath RA, Shenhar R, Eisen M, Milstein D. Iron-catalysed ring-opening metathesis polymerization of olefins and mechanistic studies. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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5
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In-situ monitoring of cyclic olefin ring-opening metathesis polymerization by Raman spectroscopy: An effective tool for functional polymer and copolymer design. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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ROMP of norbornene and oxanorbornene derivatives with pendant fluorophore carbazole and coumarin groups. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Ahmed M, Tran DT, Putziger J, Ke Z, Abtahi A, Wang Z, Chen K, Lang K, Mei J. Tetracyanocyclopentadienide-Based Stable Poly(aromatic) Anions. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:72-77. [PMID: 35574784 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolytes, a class of polymer with ionized functional groups in their repeating units, are widely used in various applications. Many ionized groups have been incorporated into polyelectrolytes, but aromatic anions are rarely investigated. Here, we first successfully incorporate a stable tetracyanocyclopentadienide (TCCp) aromatic anion into polynorbornene (PNb)-based electrolytes (PNb-TCCp) through ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with controllable molecular weight and low polydispersity. PNb-TCCp shows a high ionic conductivity of 4.5 × 10-5 S/cm in thin films. Due to its highly stable aromatic anion groups and favorable interactions with aromatic cations, it could improve thermal stability of doped conjugated polymers. Pairing with doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) through salt metathesis, the generated poly ion complex PEDOT:PNb-TCCp retains its conductivity up to 180 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Dung T. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - John Putziger
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zhifan Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ashkan Abtahi
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zhiyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kai Lang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jianguo Mei
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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8
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Klein JP, Gdowski ZM, Register RA. Controlling thermomechanical behavior of semicrystalline hydrogenated polynorbornene through the
cis‐
to
trans
‐cyclopentylene
ratio. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared P. Klein
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - Zachary M. Gdowski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - Richard A. Register
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USA
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9
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Nakama Y, Hayano S, Tashiro K. Influence of Tacticity on the Crystal Structures of Hydrogenated Ring-Opened Poly(norbornene)s. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakama
- Zeon Corporation R&D Center, 1-2-1 Yako, Kawasaki-ward, Kawasaki 210-9507, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Hayano
- Zeon Corporation R&D Center, 1-2-1 Yako, Kawasaki-ward, Kawasaki 210-9507, Japan
| | - Kohji Tashiro
- Department of Future Industry-Oriented Basic Science and Materials, Toyota Technological Institute, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8511, Japan
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10
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Podewitz M, Sen S, Buchmeiser MR. On the Origin of E-Selectivity in the Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization with Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Organometallics 2021; 40:2478-2488. [PMID: 34393318 PMCID: PMC8356225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The understanding and control of stereoselectivity is a central aspect in ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Herein, we report detailed quantum chemical studies on the reaction mechanism of E-selective ROMP of norborn-2-ene (NBE) with Mo(N-2,6-Me2-C6H3)(CHCMe3)(IMes)(OTf)2 (1, IMes = 1,3-dimesitylimidazol-2-ylidene) as a first step to stereoselective polymerization. Four different reaction pathways based on an ene syn or ene anti approach of NBE to either the syn- or anti-isomer of the neutral precatalyst have been studied. In contrast to the recently established associative mechanism with a terminal alkene, where a neutral olefin adduct is formed, NBE reacts directly with the catalyst via [2 + 2] cycloaddition to form molybdacyclobutane with a reaction barrier about 30 kJ mol-1 lower in free energy than via the formation of a catalyst-monomer adduct. However, the direct cycloaddition of NBE was only found for one out of four stereoisomers. Our findings strongly suggest that this stereoselective approach is responsible for E-selectivity and point toward a substrate-specific reaction mechanism in olefin metathesis with neutral Mo imido alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene bistriflate complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Podewitz
- Institute
of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, and Center of Molecular
Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, AT-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Suman Sen
- Institute
of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute
of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Dawood KM, Nomura K. Recent Developments in Z‐Selective Olefin Metathesis Reactions by Molybdenum, Tungsten, Ruthenium, and Vanadium Catalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M. Dawood
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt Tel. & Fax
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
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12
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Jakhar V, Pal D, Ghiviriga I, Abboud KA, Lester DW, Sumerlin BS, Veige AS. Tethered Tungsten-Alkylidenes for the Synthesis of Cyclic Polynorbornene via Ring Expansion Metathesis: Unprecedented Stereoselectivity and Trapping of Key Catalytic Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1235-1246. [PMID: 33417768 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This report describes an approach for preparing tethered tungsten-imido alkylidene complexes featuring a tetra-anionic pincer ligand. Treating the tungsten alkylidyne [tBuOCO]W≡CtBu(THF)2 (1) with isocyanates (RNCO; R = tBu, Cy, and Ph) leads to cycloaddition occurring exclusively at the C═N bond to generate the tethered tungsten-imido alkylidenes (6-NR). Unanticipated intermediates reveal themselves, including the discovery of [(O2CtBuC═)W(η2-(N,C)-RNCO)(THF)] (11-R) and an unprecedented decarbonylation product [(tBuOCO)W(≡NR)(tBuCCO)] (14-R), on the pathway to the formation of 6-NR. Complex 11-R is kinetically stable for sterically bulky isocyanate R = tBu (11-tBu) and is isolated and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Finally, adding to the short list of catalysts capable of ring expansion metathesis polymerization (REMP), complexes 6-NR and 11-tBu are active for the stereoselective synthesis of cyclic polynorbornene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Jakhar
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Digvijayee Pal
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Daniel W Lester
- Polymer Characterization Research Technology Platform, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Adam S Veige
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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13
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Musso JV, Benedikter M, Gebel P, Gramm V, Wang D, Schowner R, Buchmeiser MR. Cationic tungsten imido alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene complexes for stereospecific ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene derivatives. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01158h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cationic W alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene complexes allow for the stereospecific ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornenes with high trans-iso- and high cis-syndiospecificity, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis V. Musso
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mathis Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Paul Gebel
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Vincent Gramm
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dongren Wang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research, Körschtalstr. 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
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14
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Belov DS, Mathivathanan L, Beazley MJ, Martin WB, Bukhryakov KV. Stereospecific Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornene Catalyzed by Iron Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2934-2938. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Belov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Logesh Mathivathanan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Melanie J. Beazley
- Department of Chemistry University of Central Florida 4111 Libra Dr. Orlando FL 32816 USA
| | - William Blake Martin
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Case Western Reserve University 2100 Adelbert Road Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Konstantin V. Bukhryakov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
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15
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Belov DS, Mathivathanan L, Beazley MJ, Martin WB, Bukhryakov KV. Stereospecific Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornene Catalyzed by Iron Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Belov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Logesh Mathivathanan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Melanie J. Beazley
- Department of Chemistry University of Central Florida 4111 Libra Dr. Orlando FL 32816 USA
| | - William Blake Martin
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Case Western Reserve University 2100 Adelbert Road Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Konstantin V. Bukhryakov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
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16
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Musso JV, Benedikter MJ, Gebel P, Elser I, Frey W, Buchmeiser MR. Synthesis of Tungsten(VI) Imido Alkylidene Bispyrrolide Complexes via the Isocyanate Route. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janis V. Musso
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mathis J. Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Paul Gebel
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) Denkendorf, Körschtalstrasse 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
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17
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Lee SY, Seo J, Bielawski CW. A systematic study of stereochemical effects in homologous poly(alkenamer)s: Dewar benzene versus norbornene. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanfield Y. Lee
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM)Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Seo
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM)Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Ulsan Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM)Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Ulsan Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan Republic of Korea
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18
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A brief introduction to the basics of NMR spectroscopy and selected examples of its applications to materials characterization. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that gives information on the local magnetic field around atomic nuclei. Since the local magnetic field of the nucleus is directly influenced by such features of the molecular structure as constitution, configuration, conformation, intermolecular interactions, etc., NMR can provide exhaustive information on the chemical structure, which is unrivaled by any other analytical method. Starting from the 1950s, NMR spectroscopy first revolutionized organic chemistry and became an indispensable tool for the structure elucidation of small, soluble molecules. As the technique evolved, NMR rapidly conquered other disciplines of chemical sciences. When the analysis of macromolecules and solids also became feasible, the technique turned into a staple in materials characterization, too. All aspects of NMR spectroscopy, including technical and technological development, as well as its applications in natural sciences, have been growing exponentially since its birth. Hence, it would be impossible to cover, or even touch on, all topics of importance related to this versatile analytical tool. In this tutorial, we aim to introduce the reader to the basic principles of NMR spectroscopy, instrumentation, historical development and currently available brands, practical cost aspects, sample preparation, and spectrum interpretation. We show a number of advanced techniques relevant to materials characterization. Through a limited number of examples from different fields of materials science, we illustrate the immense scope of the technique in the analysis of materials. Beyond our inherently limited introduction, an ample list of references should help the reader to navigate further in the field of NMR spectroscopy.
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19
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Song JA, Peterson GI, Bang KT, Ahmed TS, Sung JC, Grubbs RH, Choi TL. Ru-Catalyzed, cis-Selective Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Various Monomers, Including a Dendronized Macromonomer, and Implications to Enhanced Shear Stability. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10438-10445. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ah Song
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | | | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tonia S. Ahmed
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jong-Chan Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- The Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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20
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Seo J, Lee SY, Bielawski CW. Hydrogenated Poly(Dewar benzene): A Compact Cyclic Olefin Polymer with Enhanced Thermomechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinwon Seo
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Stanfield Y. Lee
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher W. Bielawski
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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21
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Nomura K, Chaimongkolkunasin S. cis-Specific ring opening metathesis polymerisation (ROMP) of cyclic olefins using (pentafluorophenylimido)vanadium(v)-alkylidene, V(CHSiMe3)(NC6F5)[OC(CF3)3](PMe3)2. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00938e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Highly cis-specific (Z selective) ring opening metathesis polymerisation of cycloheptene has been demonstrated using V(CHSiMe3)(NC6F5)[OC(CF3)3](PMe3)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Tokyo 192-0397
- Japan
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J. Walsh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael G. Hyatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Susannah A. Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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23
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Yan T, VenkatRamani S, Schrock RR, Müller P. Synthesis of Tungsten Oxo Alkylidene Biphenolate Complexes and Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornenes and Norbornadienes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sudarsan VenkatRamani
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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24
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Worch JC, Prydderch H, Jimaja S, Bexis P, Becker ML, Dove AP. Stereochemical enhancement of polymer properties. Nat Rev Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Benedikter MJ, Schowner R, Elser I, Werner P, Herz K, Stöhr L, Imbrich DA, Nagy GM, Wang D, Buchmeiser MR. Synthesis of trans-Isotactic Poly(norbornene)s through Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Initiated by Group VI Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis J. Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roman Schowner
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Elser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philipp Werner
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katharina Herz
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laura Stöhr
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dominik A. Imbrich
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gergely M. Nagy
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dongren Wang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) Denkendorf, Körschtalstr. 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) Denkendorf, Körschtalstr. 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
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26
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Wright DB, Proetto MT, Touve MA, Gianneschi NC. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization-induced self-assembly (ROMPISA) of a cisplatin analogue for high drug-loaded nanoparticles. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01539b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report the one-pot aqueous phase synthesis of cisplatin drug loaded micellar nanoparticles using Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (ROMPISA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. Wright
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- and Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
| | - Maria T. Proetto
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- and Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
| | - Mollie A. Touve
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- and Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- and Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
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27
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HARAUCHI Y, HOUKAWA T, ADACHI S, ARAI K, SAWAGUCHI T, HAYANO S, UCHIYAMA S. Recent Developments of Cyclo Olefin Polymers. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2018. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2018-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Susumu UCHIYAMA
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
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28
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Buchmeiser MR. Functional Precision Polymers via Stereo- and Regioselective Polymerization Using Group 6 Metal Alkylidene and Group 6 and 8 Metal Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800492. [PMID: 30118168 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The concepts of functional precision polymers and the latest accomplishments in their synthesis are summarized. Synthetic concepts based on chain growth polymerization are compared to iterative synthetic approaches. Here, the term "functional precision polymers" refers to polymers that are not solely hydrocarbon-based but contain functional groups and are characterized by a highly ordered primary structure. If insertion polymerization is used for their synthesis, olefin metathesis-based polymerization techniques, that is, ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization, and the regio- and stereoselective cyclopolymerization of α,ω-diynes are almost exclusively applied. Particularly with regio- and stereospecific ROMP and with cyclopolymerization, the synthesis of tactic polymers and copolymers with high regio-, stereo-, and sequence control can be accomplished; however, it requires carefully tailored transition metal catalysts. The fundamental synthetic concepts and strategies are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55,, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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29
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Benedikter MJ, Frater G, Buchmeiser MR. Regio- and Stereoselective Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Enantiomerically Pure Vince Lactam. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis J. Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Georg Frater
- XiMo AG, Altsagenstr. 3, CH-6048 Horw/Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes
of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF) Denkendorf, Körschtalstr. 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunjin Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochina, Lanzhou, 730060, China
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31
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Nomura K, Hou X. Cis-Specific Chain Transfer Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Using a Vanadium(V) Alkylidene Catalyst for Efficient Synthesis of End-Functionalized Polymers. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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32
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Lienert C, Frey W, Buchmeiser MR. Stereoselective Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization with Molybdenum Imido Alkylidenes Containing O-Chelating N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Influence of Syn/Anti Interconversion and Polymerization Rates on Polymer Structure. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- German Institutes
of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF), Körschtalstr. 26, D-73770 Denkendorf, Germany
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33
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Bukhryakov KV, Schrock RR, Hoveyda AH, Müller P, Becker J. Synthesis of 2,6-Hexa-tert-butylterphenyl Derivatives, 2,6-(2,4,6-t-Bu 3C 6H 2) 2C 6H 3X, where X = I, Li, OH, SH, N 3, or NH 2. Org Lett 2017; 19:2607-2609. [PMID: 28459588 PMCID: PMC5811262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A "double benzyne" reaction between 1,3-dichloro-2-iodobenzene and 2,4,6-t-Bu3C6H2MgBr followed by the addition of iodine led to 2,6-(2,4,6-t-Bu3C6H2)2C6H3I (HTBTI) in 65% yield. Lithiation of HTBTI with Li-t-Bu gave Li(Et2O)2HTBT from which HTBTSH, HTBTN3, HTBTNH2, and HTBTOH were prepared. An X-ray structure of W(OHTBT)2Cl4 shows that the two HTBTO ligands are trans to one another with the t-Bu3C6H2 groups on one HTBTO interdigitated with the t-Bu3C6H2 groups on the other HTBTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V. Bukhryakov
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Amir H. Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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34
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Chaimongkolkunasin S, Hou X, Nomura K. Ring opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene and tetracyclododecene with cyclooctene by using (arylimido)vanadium(V)-alkylidene catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry; Tokyo Metropolitan University; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry; Tokyo Metropolitan University; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0397 Japan
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35
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Jang ES, John JM, Schrock RR. Synthesis of cis,syndiotactic-A-alt-B Copolymers from Enantiomerically Pure Endo-2-Substituted-5,6-Norbornenes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5043-5046. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sil Jang
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremy M. John
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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36
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Mane SR, Sathyan A, Shunmugam R. Synthesis of Norbornene Derived Helical Copolymer by Simple Molecular Marriage Approach to Produce Smart Nanocarrier. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44857. [PMID: 28327656 PMCID: PMC5361182 DOI: 10.1038/srep44857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel library of norbornene derived helical copolymer has been synthesized through the coupling of two homopolymers via Molecular Marriage Approach. The helicity is governed by the non-covalent interactions like hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking and the influence of hydrophobic and hydrophilic motifs. The detailed characterization of the copolymer (Copoly 1) has been provided and the super structures are confirmed through dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The observed size of the aggregates was about 200 nm. The density functional theory (DFT) is favorably supported for the formation of proposed structure of Copoly 1. Circular dichroism (CD) measurement has confirmed the one handed helical structure of the copolymer. Reservoir capability of this pH responsive polymer (Copoly 1) to encapsulate anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) warrants its potential applications in the field of bio-medical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivshankar R. Mane
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata (IISER-K), Mohanpur 741246, Kolkata, India
| | - Ashlin Sathyan
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata (IISER-K), Mohanpur 741246, Kolkata, India
| | - Raja Shunmugam
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata (IISER-K), Mohanpur 741246, Kolkata, India
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37
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Zanchin G, Leone G, Pierro I, Rapallo A, Porzio W, Bertini F, Ricci G. Addition Oligomerization of Dicyclopentadiene: Reactivity of Endo
and Exo
Isomers and Postmodification. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Zanchin
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC); Via A. Corti 12 I-20133 Milano Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Milano; Via C. Golgi 19 I-20133 Milano Italy
| | - Giuseppe Leone
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC); Via A. Corti 12 I-20133 Milano Italy
| | - Ivana Pierro
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC); Via A. Corti 12 I-20133 Milano Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II; Complesso Monte S. Angelo; Via Cintia I-80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Arnaldo Rapallo
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC); Via A. Corti 12 I-20133 Milano Italy
| | - William Porzio
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC); Via A. Corti 12 I-20133 Milano Italy
| | - Fabio Bertini
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC); Via A. Corti 12 I-20133 Milano Italy
| | - Giovanni Ricci
- CNR-Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (ISMAC); Via A. Corti 12 I-20133 Milano Italy
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38
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van der Ende M, Wang D, Frey W, Buchmeiser MR. Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Titanium(IV) Amido Pyridylene Phenylene and Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Titanacyclopropane Amido Complexes and their Behavior in the Polymerization of Ethylene and Cyclic Olefins. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melita van der Ende
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Dongren Wang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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39
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Pascual LMM, Goetz AE, Roehrich AM, Boydston AJ. Investigation of Tacticity and Living Characteristics of Photoredox-Mediated Metal-Free Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [PMID: 28195676 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the microstructures of polymers produced via photoredox-mediated metal-free ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Polynorbornene, poly(exo-dihydrodicyclopentadiene), and poly(endo-dicyclopentadiene) were found to have cis olefin contents of 23%, 24%, and 28%, respectively. Additionally, the cis/trans ratio remained consistent during the course of norbornene polymerization. Polymer tacticity was evaluated by quantitative 13 C NMR spectroscopy, which revealed each polymer to be largely atactic. Specifically, the three polymers were estimated to be 33%, 58%, and 55% syndiotactic, respectively. In parallel, this study also explored the ability to produce diblock copolymers from norbornene and exo-dihydrodicyclopentadiene. Successful diblock copolymerization was achieved using either monomer order. In each case, however, the results suggested to us that chain-chain coupling (increased molecular weight) and irreversible termination (dead chains observed during attempted chain extension) occurred when reaction times were extended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M M Pascual
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Adam E Goetz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Boydston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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40
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Bukhryakov KV, VenkatRamani S, Tsay C, Hoveyda A, Schrock RR. Syntheses of Molybdenum Adamantylimido and t-Butylimido Alkylidene Chloride Complexes Using HCI and Diphenylmethylphosphine. Organometallics 2017; 36:4208-4214. [PMID: 31659999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reactions between Mo(N-t-Bu)2(CH2-t-Bu)2 or Mo(NAdamantyl)2(CH2CMe2Ph)2 and 3 equiv of HCl in the presence of 1 equiv of PPh2Me yield Mo(NR)(CHR')(PPh2Me)Cl2 complexes, from which Mo(NR)(CHR')(PPh2Me)(OAr)Cl complexes (OAr = a 2,6-terphenoxide) can be prepared. The Mo(NR)(CHR')(PPh2Me)(OAr)Cl complexes were evaluated as cross-metathesis catalysts between cyclooctene and Z-1,2-dichloroethylene. The efficiencies of the test reaction for complexes in which OAr = OTPP, OHMT, OHIPT, or OHTBT (where OTPP is 2,3,5,6-tetraphenylphenoxide, OHMT is hexamethylterphenoxide, OHIPT is hexaisopropylterphenoxide, and OHTBT is hexa-t-butylterphenoxide) maximize when OAr is OHMT or OHIPT. Mo(N-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(PPh2Me)Cl2 is essentially inactive for the reaction between cyclooctene and Z-1,2-dichloroethylene. X-ray structural studies were carried out on Mo(NAd)(CHCMe2Ph)(PPh2Me)Cl2, Mo(N-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(PPh2Me)(OHMT)Cl, Mo(NAd)(CHCMe2Ph)(Cl)(OHTBT)(PMe3), and [Mo(NAd)(CHCMe2Ph)(PMe3)(Cl)]2(μ-O), the product of the reaction between Mo(NAd)(CHCMe2Ph)(Cl)(OHTBT)(PMe3) and 0.5 equiv of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V Bukhryakov
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sudarsan VenkatRamani
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Amir Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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41
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García-López JA, Frutos-Pedreño R, Bautista D, Saura-Llamas I, Vicente J. Norbornadiene as a Building Block for the Synthesis of Linked Benzazocinones and Benzazocinium Salts through Tetranuclear Carbopalladated Intermediates. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio García-López
- Grupo
de Química Organometálica, Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Roberto Frutos-Pedreño
- Grupo
de Química Organometálica, Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Isabel Saura-Llamas
- Grupo
de Química Organometálica, Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José Vicente
- Grupo
de Química Organometálica, Departamento de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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42
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2015. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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43
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Lam JK, Zhu C, Bukhryakov KV, Müller P, Hoveyda A, Schrock RR. Synthesis and Evaluation of Molybdenum and Tungsten Monoaryloxide Halide Alkylidene Complexes for Z-Selective Cross-Metathesis of Cyclooctene and Z-1,2-Dichloroethylene. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15774-15783. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K. Lam
- Department
of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Congqing Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Konstantin V. Bukhryakov
- Department
of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department
of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Amir Hoveyda
- Department
of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department
of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Jang ES, John JM, Schrock RR. Synthesis of Cis, syndiotactic A -alt-B Copolymers from Two Enantiomerically Pure Trans-2,3-Disubstituted-5,6-Norbornenes. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:631-636. [PMID: 27725961 PMCID: PMC5043441 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cis,syndiotacticA-alt-B copolymers, where A and B are two enantiomerically pure trans-2,3-disubstituted-5,6-norbornenes with "opposite" chiralities, can be prepared with stereogenic-at-metal initiators of the type M(NR)(CHR')(OR")(pyrrolide). Formation of a high percentage of alternating AB copolymer linkages relies on an inversion of chirality at the metal with each propagating step and a relatively fast formation of an AB sequence as a consequence of a preferred diastereomeric relationship between the chirality at the metal and the chirality of the monomer. This approach to formation of an alternating AB copolymer contrasts dramatically with the principle of forming AB copolymers from achiral monomers and catalysts.
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VenkatRamani S, Roland CD, Zhang JG, Ghiviriga I, Abboud KA, Veige AS. Trianionic Pincer Complexes of Niobium and Tantalum as Precatalysts for ROMP of Norbornene. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudarsan VenkatRamani
- Center
for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Christopher D. Roland
- Center
for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - James G. Zhang
- Center
for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Center
for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Khalil A. Abboud
- Center
for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Adam S. Veige
- Center
for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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46
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Nadif SS, Kubo T, Gonsales SA, VenkatRamani S, Ghiviriga I, Sumerlin BS, Veige AS. Introducing “Ynene” Metathesis: Ring-Expansion Metathesis Polymerization Leads to Highly Cis and Syndiotactic Cyclic Polymers of Norbornene. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6408-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soufiane S. Nadif
- Center
for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Tomohiro Kubo
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering and George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Stella A. Gonsales
- Center
for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Sudarsan VenkatRamani
- Center
for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Center
for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering and George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering and George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Adam S. Veige
- Center
for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering and George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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47
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Gonsales SA, Kubo T, Flint MK, Abboud KA, Sumerlin BS, Veige AS. Highly Tactic Cyclic Polynorbornene: Stereoselective Ring Expansion Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornene Catalyzed by a New Tethered Tungsten-Alkylidene Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4996-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stella A. Gonsales
- Center for Catalysis and ‡George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Tomohiro Kubo
- Center for Catalysis and ‡George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Madison K. Flint
- Center for Catalysis and ‡George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Khalil A. Abboud
- Center for Catalysis and ‡George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- Center for Catalysis and ‡George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Adam S. Veige
- Center for Catalysis and ‡George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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Mikus MS, Torker S, Hoveyda AH. Controllable ROMP Tacticity by Harnessing the Fluxionality of Stereogenic‐at‐Ruthenium Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4997-5002. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte S. Mikus
- Department of Chemistry Merkert Chemistry Center Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Sebastian Torker
- Department of Chemistry Merkert Chemistry Center Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Amir H. Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry Merkert Chemistry Center Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
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49
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Mikus MS, Torker S, Hoveyda AH. Controllable ROMP Tacticity by Harnessing the Fluxionality of Stereogenic‐at‐Ruthenium Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte S. Mikus
- Department of Chemistry Merkert Chemistry Center Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Sebastian Torker
- Department of Chemistry Merkert Chemistry Center Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
| | - Amir H. Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry Merkert Chemistry Center Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467 USA
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50
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Feng K, Xie N, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Modular Design of Poly(norbornenes) for Organelle-Specific Imaging in Tumor Cells. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:538-45. [PMID: 26762279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Through modular ROMP (ring-opening metathesis polymerization) directly from monomeric norbornenes of bioactive peptides, rhodamine B chromophore, and PEG solubilizer, we designed and synthesized a series of water-soluble poly(norbornenes) with organelle-specific imaging capability in tumor cells. For the selection of FxrFxK, TAT, and SV40 peptide sequences, these fluorescence probes exhibited different targeting specificity toward mitochondria, lysosome, and nucleolus, respectively, based on the same poly(norbornene) backbonds. More importantly, the ROMP strategy enables selective combination from various monomers and allows programmable biofunctionalization via peptide sequence permutations, which would greatly extend the biomedical applications such as imaging, diagnosis, and therapy for these synthetic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Feng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Xie
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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