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Luo H, Jiang K, Wang X, Yao H, Liang X, Li Y, Liu H. How multiple noncovalent interactions regulate the aggregation behavior of amphiphilic triblock copolymer/surface-active ionic liquid mixtures. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2
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Bulgakov AI, Ivanov VA, Vasilevskaya VV. Self-Assembly of Gel-Like Particles and Vesicles in Solutions of Polymers with Amphiphilic Repeat Unit. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x22030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Buglakov AI, Vasilevskaya VV. Fibril Assembly and Gelation of Macromolecules with Amphiphilic Repeating Units. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12377-12387. [PMID: 34637315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the self-assembly of the fibrillar network in a concentrated solution of macromolecules with an amphiphilic structure of repeating units. The investigation of amphiphilic homopolymers and alternating copolymers with the linear and cyclic topologies, the solution with different polymer concentrations and solvent qualities, allows us to conclude that the ability to form a fibrillar gel with branched fibrils and regular subchain thickness is inherent for macromolecules with the solvophobic backbone and solvophilic pendants. The elements of the gel structure, such as the mesh size and fibrillar thickness, the number of cross-links, and their functionality, can be tuned and customized according to the requirements of their application. The results could be helpful for the directed design of the synthetic analogue of the relevant extracellular matrix, in tissue engineering, for fibrotic disease treatment and cell encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr I Buglakov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova ul., 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentina V Vasilevskaya
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova ul., 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
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4
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Buglakov AI, Larin DE, Vasilevskaya VV. Orientation- and cosolvent-induced self-assembly of amphiphilic homopolymers in selective solvents. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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5
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Calubaquib EL, Soltantabar P, Wang H, Shin H, Flores A, Biewer MC, Stefan MC. Self-assembly behavior of oligo(ethylene glycol) substituted polycaprolactone homopolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00483b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, non-ionic amphiphilic oligo(ethylene glycol)-substituted polycaprolactone homopolymers readily self-assembled to form micelles in a polar environment, which allowed the encapsulation of a hydrophobic molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L. Calubaquib
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson
- USA
| | | | - Hanghang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson
- USA
| | - Heejin Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson
- USA
| | - Alfonso Flores
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson
- USA
| | - Michael C. Biewer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson
- USA
| | - Mihaela C. Stefan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Texas at Dallas
- Richardson
- USA
- Department of Bioengineering
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6
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Glagoleva AA, Vasilevskaya VV. Multichain adsorption at fluid interfaces: Amphiphilic homopolymers vs copolymers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 585:408-419. [PMID: 33307309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS At selective liquid-liquid interface, amphiphilic homopolymers, having groups with different affinity for the liquids in each monomer unit, would demonstrate higher occupation of the interfacial layer than copolymers with various distributions of groups and be advantageous as interface stabilizers. EXPERIMENTS By means of Langevin dynamics computer simulation, conformations of multiple chains of amphiphilic macromolecules adsorbed at the liquid-liquid interface were studied. Monomer units having different affinity for the liquids were distributed variously along the polymer chains. Homopolymers, amphiphilic at the level of an individual monomer unit, and copolymers with random, altermating and multiblock distribution of groups were considered. The surface coverage, structure of the layer, and spatial distribution of monomer units were investigated depending on the polymer concentration. FINDINGS Compared to copolymers with random, alternating and multiblock distributions of the groups, the interfacial layer concentration of amphiphilic homopolymer is about 1.5 times higher, the adsorbed layer is remarkably thinner, has membrane-like structure and is asymmetric with respect to interface boundary. Also, the adsorbed amphiphilic homopolymers form fewer loops and tails, most located on one side of the interface. This combination of properties is promising for practical application in modern self-assembling molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Glagoleva
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova ul. 28, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - V V Vasilevskaya
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova ul. 28, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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7
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Luo GF, Chen WH, Zhang XZ. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Thermally Responsive Micelles. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:872-881. [PMID: 35648534 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)-based thermally responsive micelles are of great importance as smart materials for a number of applications such as drug delivery and biosensing, owing to their tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Their design and synthesis in the nanoscale size range have been widely studied, and research interest in their structural and physic-chemical properties is continually growing. In this Viewpoint, representative research on the construction of PNIPAAm-based thermally responsive micelles as well as their applications are highlighted and discussed, which would serve as a good start for newcomers in this field and a positive guide for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Feng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
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Yan X, Chu Y, Liu B, Ru G, Di Y, Feng J. Dynamic mechanism of halide salts on the phase transition of protein models, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12644-12650. [PMID: 32458929 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01366h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of salts on protein systems are not yet fully understood. We investigated the ionic dynamics of three halide salts (NaI, NaBr, and NaCl) with two protein models, namely poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEA), using multinuclear NMR, dispersion corrected density functional theory (DFT-D) calculations and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods. The variation in ionic line-widths and chemical shifts induced by the polymers clearly illustrates that anions rather than cations interact directly with the polymers. From the variable temperature measurements of the NMR transverse relaxation rates of anions, which characterize the polymer-anion interaction intensities, the evolution behaviors of Cl-/Br-/I- during phase transitions are similar in each polymer system but differ between the two polymer systems. The NMR transverse relaxation rates of anions change synchronously with the phase transition of PNIPAM upon heating, but they drop rapidly and vanish about 3-4.5 °C before the phase transition of PDEA. By combining the DFT-D and DLS data, the relaxation results imply that anions escape from the interacting sites with PDEA prior to full polymer dehydration or collapse, which can be attributed to the lack of anion-NH interactions. The different dynamic evolutions of the anions in the PNIPAM and PDEA systems give us an important clue for understanding the micro-mechanism of protein folding in a complex salt aqueous solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
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Lazutin AA, Kosmachev AN, Vasilevskaya VV. Lamellae and parking garage structures in amphiphilic homopolymer brushes with different grafting densities. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:154903. [PMID: 31640361 DOI: 10.1063/1.5120383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This article is devoted to the study of polymer layers of amphiphilic homopolymers tightly grafted to a flat surface at the nodes of a square lattice. It was shown that, due to the amphiphilicity of monomer units containing groups with different affinities, in a selective solvent, such layers form lamellae perpendicular to the grafting surface. The period of the lamellae depends on the grafting density and the quality of the solvent. The results are presented in the form of a state diagram in variables "the energy of attraction of the side groups" (effective solvent quality) and "the distance between the grafting points" (inversely proportional to the square root of the grafting density). The diagram contains the regions of stability of lamellae with significantly different periods, and a transitional area with a parking garage structure. The diagram is constructed by calculating the layer-by-layer structure factor and the angle of inclination of the lamellae in the slice. The calculations were performed for different sizes of the simulation box, and the most commensurate size was determined by a special procedure for each grafting density. The results may be interesting not only to specialists in polymer science but also to all those who investigate the processes of self-organization and rearrangement in dense systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei A Lazutin
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova ul., 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexei N Kosmachev
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina V Vasilevskaya
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova ul., 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
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10
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Larin DE, Govorun EN. Stabilization of Polymer Mesoglobules via Specific Interactions of Macromolecules with Dissolved Substance. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x19050092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Vasilevskaya VV, Govorun EN. Hollow and Vesicle Particles from Macromolecules with Amphiphilic Monomer Units. POLYM REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2019.1599013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina V. Vasilevskaya
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena N. Govorun
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Lazutin AA, Vasilevskaya VV. Parking Garage Bicontinuous Structures of Densely Grafted Layers of Amphiphilic Homopolymers. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238218020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Lazutin A, Vasilevskaya VV. Lamellae-Parking Garage Structure-Lamellae Transition in Densely Grafted Layers of Amphiphilic Homopolymers: Impact of Polymerization Degree. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:12967-12974. [PMID: 31458020 PMCID: PMC6709779 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
By means of computer modeling, the self-organization of densely grafted macromolecules with amphiphilic monomer units as a function of macromolecular polymerization degree and solvent quality was studied and a diagram of state was constructed. The diagram contains fields of disordered distribution of monomer units and of prolonged aggregates, regions of lamellae with small and big domain spacing, and transition region. Within the transition region, the lamellae with different spacing coexist: the lamellae with big domain spacing are on the top of the grafting layer and the lamellae with small domain spacing are close to the grafting surface. The lamellae are connected with each other and form bicontinuous parking garage structure joining all side groups into a single cluster. The domain spacing of lamellae does not depend on the macromolecular length, but the width of the transition region decreases with the decrease of polymerization degree until total vanishing at relatively short macromolecules. The sharp switch between lamellae and bicontinuous structure opens the perspective for practical applications of densely grafted layers with amphiphilic monomer units.
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Murdoch TJ, Humphreys BA, Johnson EC, Webber GB, Wanless EJ. Specific ion effects on thermoresponsive polymer brushes: Comparison to other architectures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 526:429-450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Larin DE, Govorun EN. Collapsed States of a Macromolecule Interacting with an Amphiphilic Substance. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238218010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Glagoleva AA, Vasilevskaya VV. Macromolecules with amphiphilic monomer units at interface of two immiscible liquids. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:184902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5001880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Glagoleva
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova ul. 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - V. V. Vasilevskaya
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova ul. 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
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18
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Abstract
Herein, the basic principles, such as the definitions, classifications, and properties, of hollow polymer particles (HPPs) are critically investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ros Azlinawati Ramli
- Material Technology Program
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP)
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
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19
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Zhang Y, Tang H, Wu P. Multiple interaction regulated phase transition behavior of thermo-responsive copolymers containing cationic poly(ionic liquid)s. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:30804-30813. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05846b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Schematic illustration of the phase transition mechanism of the P(OEGMA-co-BVIm[SCN]) copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingna Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Hui Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Peiyi Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory for Advanced Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
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20
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Liu L, Kou R, Liu G. Ion specificities of artificial macromolecules. SOFT MATTER 2016; 13:68-80. [PMID: 27906410 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01773h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Artificial macromolecules are well-defined synthetic polymers, with a relatively simple structure as compared to naturally occurring macromolecules. This review focuses on the ion specificities of artifical macromolecules. Ion specificities are influenced by solvent-mediated indirect ion-macromolecule interactions and also by direct ion-macromolecule interactions. In aqueous solutions, the role of water-mediated indirect ion-macromolecule interactions will be discussed. The addition of organic solvents to aqueous solutions significantly changes the ion specificities due to the formation of water-organic solvent complexes. For direct ion-macromolecule interactions, we will discuss specific ion-pairing interactions for charged macromolecules and specific ion-neutral site interactions for uncharged macromolecules. When the medium conditions change from dilute solutions to crowded environments, the ion specificities can be modified by either the volume exclusion effect, the variation of dielectric constant, or the interactions between ions, macromolecules, and crowding agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvdan Liu
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China 230026.
| | - Ran Kou
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China 230026.
| | - Guangming Liu
- Department of Chemical Physics, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China 230026.
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21
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Osváth Z, Iván B. The Dependence of the Cloud Point, Clearing Point, and Hysteresis of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) on Experimental Conditions: The Need for Standardization of Thermoresponsive Transition Determinations. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Osváth
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group; Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Magyar tudósok krt. 2 H-1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Béla Iván
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group; Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Magyar tudósok krt. 2 H-1117 Budapest Hungary
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Zhou H, Liang F, Li J, Ding X, Ma A, Chen W, Luo C, Zhang G, Tian W, Cheng M, Liao B. RAFT polymerization and dually responsive behaviors of terpyridine-containing PNIPAAm copolymers in dilute solutions. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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23
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Larin DE, Lazutin AA, Govorun EN, Vasilevskaya VV. Self-Assembly into Strands in Amphiphilic Polymer Brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:7000-7008. [PMID: 27267357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of amphiphilic macromolecules end-grafted to a plane surface is studied using mean-field theory and computer simulations. Chain backbones are built from hydrophobic groups, whereas side groups are hydrophilic. The brush is immersed in a solvent, which can be good or poor, but on average is not far from θ conditions. It is demonstrated that the strong amphiphilicity of macromolecules at a monomer unit level leads to their self-assembly into a system of strands with a 2D hexagonal order in a cross-section parallel to the grafting plane. The structure period is determined by the length of side groups. In theory, this effect is explained by the orientation of strongly amphiphilic monomer units at a strand/solvent boundary that leads to an effective negative contribution to the surface tension. Computer simulations with molecular dynamics (MD) are used for a detailed study of the local brush structure. The aggregation number of strands grows with the increase of the grafting density and side group length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil E Larin
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexei A Lazutin
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS , Vavilova str., 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elena N Govorun
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentina V Vasilevskaya
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS , Vavilova str., 28, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Glagoleva AA, Vasilevskaya VV, Khokhlov AR. Polymer globule with fractal properties caused by intramolecular nanostructuring and spatial constrains. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:5138-5145. [PMID: 27198966 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00747c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
By means of computer simulation, we studied macromolecules composed of N dumbbell amphiphilic monomer units with attractive pendant groups. In poor solvents, these macromolecules form spherical globules that are dense in the case of short chains (the gyration radius RG∼N(1/3)), or hollow inside and obey the RG∼N(1/2) law when the macromolecules are sufficiently long. Due to the specific intramolecular nanostructuring, the vesicle-like globules of long amphiphilic macromolecules posses some properties of fractal globules, by which they (i) could demonstrate the same scaling statistics for the entire macromolecule and for short subchains with m monomer units and (ii) possess a specific territorial structure. Within a narrow slit, the globule loses its inner cavity, takes a disk-like shape and scales as N(1/2) for much shorter macromolecules. However, the field of end-to-end distance r(m) ∼m(1/2) dependence for subchains becomes visibly smaller. The results obtained were compared with the homopolymer case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Glagoleva
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova St. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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25
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Huang H, Liao Y, Bu W, Wang W, Sun JZ. Going beyond the classical amphiphilicity paradigm: the self-assembly of completely hydrophobic polymers into free-standing sheets and hollow nanostructures in solvents of variable quality. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:5011-5021. [PMID: 27157546 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00259e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly is well-known to occur in amphiphiles, and the totally hydrophobic ones are never reported to self-assemble. In this work we report for the first time that the latter can self-assemble into free-standing sheets and hollow spheres in toluene/methanol mixed solvents by modulating the solvent quality. The homopolymers studied in this work are polystyrene (PS), polyphenylacetylene (PPA), and poly(3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT), representing polymers with different rigidity. All the three form a homogenous solution in toluene, but self-assembly occurs in the toluene/methanol mixed solvents. Micrometer sized free-standing sheets were formed for PS, PPA, and P3HT at methanol volume fractions being 43%, 50%, and 67%, respectively, and hollow spheres were observed for PPA at higher methanol fractions of 75 and 90%. Under the latter solvent conditions, PS forms solid spheres, yet ill-defined aggregates and free-standing sheets coexist in the case of P3HT. This non-solvent induced self-assembly was explained by a delicate balance of two "opposing forces": van der Waals attractive and entropic repulsive forces generated between the segments of these homopolymers within a single chain, between two chains, and among more chains in the solvents of worsened quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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Swift T, Lapworth J, Swindells K, Swanson L, Rimmer S. pH responsive highly branched poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) with trihistidine or acid chain ends. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13139e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermally responsive highly branched poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)s (HB-PNIPAM) were prepared and end-functionalised to give polymers with acid or trihistidine end groups. The ionisation of the end groups affects the swelling of desolvated globules.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Swift
- Polymer and Biomaterials Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science
- University of Bradford
- Bradford
- UK
| | - J. Lapworth
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- UK
| | - K. Swindells
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- UK
| | - L. Swanson
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- UK
| | - S. Rimmer
- Polymer and Biomaterials Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science
- University of Bradford
- Bradford
- UK
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