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Yoshioka H, Aoki Y, Nonaka K, Yamada NL, Kobayashi M. Effect of molecular weight distribution on the thermal adhesion of polystyrene and PMMA brushes. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2
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Flemming P, Münch AS, Fery A, Uhlmann P. Constrained thermoresponsive polymers - new insights into fundamentals and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2123-2163. [PMID: 34476018 PMCID: PMC8381851 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, numerous stimuli-responsive polymers have been developed and investigated regarding their switching properties. In particular, thermoresponsive polymers, which form a miscibility gap with the ambient solvent with a lower or upper critical demixing point depending on the temperature, have been intensively studied in solution. For the application of such polymers in novel sensors, drug delivery systems or as multifunctional coatings, they typically have to be transferred into specific arrangements, such as micelles, polymer films or grafted nanoparticles. However, it turns out that the thermodynamic concept for the phase transition of free polymer chains fails, when thermoresponsive polymers are assembled into such sterically confined architectures. Whereas many published studies focus on synthetic aspects as well as individual applications of thermoresponsive polymers, the underlying structure-property relationships governing the thermoresponse of sterically constrained assemblies, are still poorly understood. Furthermore, the clear majority of publications deals with polymers that exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, with PNIPAAM as their main representative. In contrast, for polymer arrangements with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), there is only limited knowledge about preparation, application and precise physical understanding of the phase transition. This review article provides an overview about the current knowledge of thermoresponsive polymers with limited mobility focusing on UCST behavior and the possibilities for influencing their thermoresponsive switching characteristics. It comprises star polymers, micelles as well as polymer chains grafted to flat substrates and particulate inorganic surfaces. The elaboration of the physicochemical interplay between the architecture of the polymer assembly and the resulting thermoresponsive switching behavior will be in the foreground of this consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Flemming
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander S Münch
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68588, Lincoln, USA
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3
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Ueda T, Murakami D, Tanaka M. Effect of interfacial structure based on grafting density of poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) on blood compatibility. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 199:111517. [PMID: 33352490 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An excellent blood-compatible polymer, poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA), exhibits nanometer-scale phase-separated structures at the interface with water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and fibrinogen adsorption is suppressed, especially on the water-rich region. To understand the correlation between the interfacial structure based on the grafting density of PMEA and blood compatibility, grafted PMEA (gPMEA) surfaces with controlled density were prepared by immobilizing thiol-terminated PMEA on a gold substrate. The amount of adsorbed fibrinogen and the number of adhered platelets on gPMEAs decreased first with the increasing grafting density (σ), but increased after showed minimum at σ of approximately 0.11 chains/nm2. The interfacial structures of the gPMEA/PBS interface changed with grafting density, and the maximum area of water-rich region was obtained at σ = 0.11. The water contact angle at σ = 0.11 is smaller than that at the other grafting density. These results revealed that hydration to the polymer is very effective to suppress the platelet adhesion and water-rich region shows excellent blood compatibility on gPMEA surfaces. This work clearly indicated that the density of PMEA affects the interfacial structure and plays an important role in the blood compatibility of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ueda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daiki Murakami
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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4
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Senechal V, Saadaoui H, Vargas-Alfredo N, Rodriguez-Hernandez J, Drummond C. Weak polyelectrolyte brushes: re-entrant swelling and self-organization. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:7727-7738. [PMID: 32735003 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00810a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the combined influence of pH and ionic strength on the properties of brushes of a weak polyion, poly(acrylic acid), in conditions of grafting density close to the mushroom-brush crossover. By combining atomic force microscopy AFM and quartz crystal microbalance, we show that at low ionic strengths the conformational change of grafted polyions is non-monotonic with increasing pH due to the counterintuitive variation of the ionization degree. Thus, reentrant swelling of the polymer chains is observed with increasing pH. This effect is more important at low polymer grafting densities, when it is accompanied by in-plane heterogeneous distribution at intermediate pH values. In addition, we observed self-assembly on the polymer brush (formation of holes and islands) at pH values below pKa, due to the short-range attractive interaction between uncharged grafted chains. The sensitivity of the ionization of grafted chains to the physicochemical environment was also studied by measuring the interaction force between a silica tip and polymer brushes by atomic force microscopy. The dependence of the ionization of polyions on the presence of the tip points toward important charge regulation effects, in particular at pH values corresponding to partial ionization of the polyion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Senechal
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France. and Université de Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Hassan Saadaoui
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France. and Université de Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nelson Vargas-Alfredo
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Drummond
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UMR 5031, F-33600 Pessac, France. and Université de Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, F-33600 Pessac, France
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5
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Tanaka M, Kobayashi S, Murakami D, Aratsu F, Kashiwazaki A, Hoshiba T, Fukushima K. Design of Polymeric Biomaterials: The “Intermediate Water Concept”. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shingo Kobayashi
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daiki Murakami
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Aratsu
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Aki Kashiwazaki
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takashi Hoshiba
- Frontier Center for Organic Materials, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fukushima
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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Norizoe Y, Morita H. Conducting transition analysis of thin films composed of long flexible macromolecules: Percolation study. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2019; 42:115. [PMID: 31485858 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
By simulating percolation and critical phenomena of labelled species inside films composed of single-component linear homogeneous macromolecules using the molecular Monte Carlo method in 3 dimensions, we study the dependence of these conducting transition and critical phenomena upon both thermal movements, i.e. spontaneous mobility, and extra-molecular topological constraints of the molecules. Systems containing topological constraints and/or composed of immobile particles, e.g. lattice models and chemical gelation, were studied in conventional works on percolation. Coordinates of the randomly distributed particles in the conventional lattice models are limited to discrete lattice points. Moreover, each particle is spatially fixed at the distributed position, which results in a temporally unchanged network structure. Although each polymer in the chemical gels can spontaneously move in the continuous space, the network structure is fixed when cross-linking reaction ends. By contrast to these conventional systems, all the molecules in the present system freely move and spontaneously diffuse in the continuous space. The network structure of the present molecules continues changing dynamically. The percolation and critical phenomena of such dynamic network structures are examined here. We reveal that these phenomena also occur in the present system, and that both the universality class and percolation threshold are independent of the extra-molecular topological constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Norizoe
- Technology Research Association for Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (TASC) - Central 2-1, 1-1-1 Umezono, 305-8568, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) - Central 2-1, 1-1-1 Umezono, 305-8568, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Morita
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) - Central 2-1, 1-1-1 Umezono, 305-8568, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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7
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Murakami D, Mawatari N, Sonoda T, Kashiwazaki A, Tanaka M. Effect of the Molecular Weight of Poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) on Interfacial Structure and Blood Compatibility. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:2808-2813. [PMID: 30673282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The blood-compatible polymer poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) is composed of nanometer-scale interfacial structures because of the phase separation of the polymer and water at the PMEA/phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) interface. We synthesized PMEA with four different molecular weights (19, 30, 44, and 183 kg/mol) to investigate the effect of the molecular weight on the interfacial structures and blood compatibility. The amounts of intermediate water and fibrinogen adsorption were not affected by the molecular weight of PMEA. In contrast, the degree of denaturation of adsorbed fibrinogen molecules and platelet adhesion increased as the molecular weight increased. Atomic force microscopy observation revealed that the domain size of the microphase separation structures observed at the PMEA/PBS interfaces drastically (nearly 3 times in the mean area of a domain) changed with the molecular weight. PMEA with a lower molecular weight showed a smaller polymer-rich domain size, as expected on the basis of the microphase separation of polymer-rich and water-rich domains. The small domain size suppressed the aggregation and denaturation of adsorbed fibrinogen molecules because only a few fibrinogen molecules were adsorbed on a domain. Increasing the domain size enhanced the denaturation of adsorbed fibrinogen molecules. Controlling the interfacial structures is crucial for ensuring the blood compatibility of polymer interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Masaru Tanaka
- Frontier Center for Organic System Innovations , Yamagata University , 4-3-16 Jonan , Yonezawa , Yamagata 992-8510 , Japan
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8
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Rossner C, Letofsky-Papst I, Fery A, Lederer A, Kothleitner G. Thermoreversible Surface Polymer Patches: A Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:8622-8628. [PMID: 29958497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid core-shell type nanoparticles from gold nanoparticle cores and poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) shells were investigated with regard to their structural plasticity. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization was used to synthesize well-defined polymers that can be readily anchored onto the gold nanoparticle surface. The polymer shell morphologies were directly visualized in their native solution state at high resolution by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and the microscopic results were further corroborated by dynamic light scattering. Different environmental conditions and brush architectures are covered by our experiments, which leads to distinct thermally induced responses. These responses include constrained dewetting of the nanoparticle surface at temperatures above the lower critical solution temperature of poly( N-isopropylacrylamide), leading to surface polymer patches. This effect provides a novel approach toward breaking the symmetry of nanoparticle interactions, and we show first evidence for its impact on the formation of colloidal superstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Fery
- Cluster of Excellence Centre for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) , Technische Universität Dresden , D-01062 Dresden , Germany
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9
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Murakami D, Kitahara Y, Kobayashi S, Tanaka M. Thermosensitive Polymer Biocompatibility Based on Interfacial Structure at Biointerface. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1591-1597. [PMID: 33445316 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The interfacial structure of a thermosensitive biocompatible polymer, poly[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate] (PMe2MA), at the polymer/phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) interface was investigated by atomic force microscopy. A number of nanometer scale protrusions appeared at 37 °C and disappeared at 22 °C, reversibly. This structural change occurred above the lower critical solution temperature of PMe2MA in PBS (19 °C), indicating that the formation of protrusions was explained by the microphase separation of polymer and water at the interfacial region. The protein adsorption and platelet adhesion onto PMe2MA interface were drastically restrained at 22 °C compared to that at 37 °C. Detachment of NIH3T3 cells accompanied by the dissipation of protrusions on the PMe2MA interface was also demonstrated. These results indicate that the protrusions act as the scaffold for the protein adsorption and cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shingo Kobayashi
- Frontier Center for Organic System Innovations, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Frontier Center for Organic System Innovations, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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10
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Yu J, Jackson NE, Xu X, Brettmann BK, Ruths M, de Pablo JJ, Tirrell M. Multivalent ions induce lateral structural inhomogeneities in polyelectrolyte brushes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:eaao1497. [PMID: 29226245 PMCID: PMC5722652 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Subtle details about a polyelectrolyte's surrounding environment can dictate its structural features and potential applications. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), surface forces apparatus (SFA) measurements, and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are combined to study the structure of planar polyelectrolyte brushes [poly(styrenesulfonate), PSS] in a variety of solvent conditions. More specifically, AFM images provide a first direct visualization of lateral inhomogeneities on the surface of polyelectrolyte brushes collapsed in solutions containing trivalent counterions. These images are interpreted in the context of a coarse-grained molecular model and are corroborated by accompanying interaction force measurements with the SFA. Our findings indicate that lateral inhomogeneities are absent from PSS brush layers collapsed in a poor solvent without multivalent ions. Together, AFM, SFA, and our molecular model present a detailed picture in which solvophobic and multivalent ion-induced effects work in concert to drive strong phase separation, with electrostatic bridging of polyelectrolyte chains playing an essential role in the collapsed structure formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nicholas E. Jackson
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Blair K. Brettmann
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Marina Ruths
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Matthew Tirrell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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11
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Tebbe M, Galati E, Walker GC, Kumacheva E. Homopolymer Nanolithography. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1702043. [PMID: 28737259 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Future progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology necessitates further development of versatile, labor-, and cost-efficient surface patterning strategies. A new approach to nanopatterning is reported, which utilizes surface segregation of a smooth layer of an end-grafted homopolymer in a poor solvent. The variation in polymer grafting density yields a range of surface nanostructures, including randomly organized pinned spherical micelles, worm-like structures, networks, and porous films. The capability to use the polymer patterns for site-specific deposition of small molecules, polymers, or nanoparticles is shown. This versatile strategy enables patterning of curved surfaces with direct access to the substrate and no need in changing polymer composition to realize different surface patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Tebbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Galati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Gilbert C Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
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12
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Gleria I, Mocskos E, Tagliazucchi M. Minimum free-energy paths for the self-organization of polymer brushes. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2362-2370. [PMID: 28275766 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02725c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A methodology to calculate minimum free-energy paths based on the combination of a molecular theory and the improved string method is introduced and applied to study the self-organization of polymer brushes under poor solvent conditions. Polymer brushes in a poor solvent cannot undergo macroscopic phase separation due to the physical constraint imposed by the grafting points; therefore, they microphase separate forming aggregates. Under some conditions, the theory predicts that the homogeneous brush and the aggregates can exist as two different minima of the free energy. The theoretical methodology introduced in this work allows us to predict the minimum free-energy path connecting these two minima as well as the morphology of the system along the path. It is shown that the transition between the homogeneous brush and the aggregates may involve a free-energy barrier or be barrierless depending on the relative stability of the two morphologies and the chain length and grafting density of the polymer. In the case where a free-energy barrier exists, one of the morphologies is a metastable structure and, therefore, the properties of the brush as the quality of the solvent is cycled are expected to display hysteresis. The theory is also applied to study the adhesion/deadhesion transition between two opposing surfaces modified by identical polymer brushes and it is shown that this process may also require surpassing a free-energy barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Gleria
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Computación, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Mocskos
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Computación, Buenos Aires, Argentina and CONICET, Centro de Simulación Computacional para Aplicaciones Tecnológicas (CSC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario Tagliazucchi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química-Física, Buenos Aires, Argentina. and CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Gao K, Kearney LT, Howarter JA. Planar Phase Separation of Weak Polyelectrolyte Brushes in Poor Solvent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- School of Materials Engineering; Purdue University; 701 W Stadium Ave West Lafayette Indiana 47907
| | - Logan T. Kearney
- School of Materials Engineering; Purdue University; 701 W Stadium Ave West Lafayette Indiana 47907
| | - John A. Howarter
- School of Materials Engineering; Purdue University; 701 W Stadium Ave West Lafayette Indiana 47907
- Division of Environmental and Ecological Engineering; Purdue University; 500 Central Dr West Lafayette Indiana 47907
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14
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Murakami D, Kobayashi S, Tanaka M. Interfacial Structures and Fibrinogen Adsorption at Blood-Compatible Polymer/Water Interfaces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:2122-2126. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Murakami
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering, Kyushu University, CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shingo Kobayashi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering, Kyushu University, CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry
and Engineering, Kyushu University, CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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