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You S, Wei X, Liu R, Zhao C, Zhao M, Shi Q, Gong G, Wu Y. Suspension and emulsion aqueous cationic homopolymerization and copolymerization of cyclohexyl vinyl ether by B(C6F5)3 initiating system. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Bayat M, Gheidari D. Green Lewis Acid Catalysis in Organic Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Imam Khomeini International University Qazvin
| | - Davood Gheidari
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Guilan Rasht Iran
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3
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AlCl3 × OPh2-Co-initiated cationic polymerization of anethole: Facile access to high molecular weight polymers under mild conditions. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Ratthachag T, Buntasana S, Vilaivan T, Padungros P. Surfactant-mediated thioglycosylation of 1-hydroxy sugars in water. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:822-836. [PMID: 33403378 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thioglycosides are an important class of sugars, since they can be used as non-ionic biosurfactants, biomimetic glycosides, and building blocks for carbohydrate synthesis. Previously, Brønsted- or Lewis-acid-catalyzed dehydrative glycosylations between a 1-hydroxy sugar and a thiol have been reported to yield open-chain dithioacetal sugars as the major products instead of the desired thioglycosides. These dithioacetal sugars are by-products derived from the endocyclic bond cleavage of the thioglycosides. Herein, we report dehydrative glycosylation in water mediated by a Brønsted acid-surfactant combined catalyst (BASC). Glycosylations between 1-hydroxy furanosyl/pyranosyl sugars and primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic/aromatic thiols in the presence of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) provided the thioglycoside products in moderate to good yields. Microwave irradiation led to improvements in the yields and a shortening of the reaction time. Remarkably, open-chain dithioacetal sugars were not detected in the DBSA-mediated glycosylations in water. This method is a simple, convenient, and rapid approach to produce a library of thioglycosides without the requirement of anhydrous conditions. Moreover, this work also provides an excellent example of complementary reactivity profiles of glycosylation in organic solvents and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trichada Ratthachag
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supanat Buntasana
- Green Chemistry for Fine Chemical Productions STAR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Tirayut Vilaivan
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Panuwat Padungros
- Green Chemistry for Fine Chemical Productions STAR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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5
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Destephen A, Ballard N. On the limitations of cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers in aqueous dispersed media. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01046h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the effects of chain transfer to monomer and chain transfer to water on the molecular weight of polymers obtained by cationic polymerization in aqueous dispersed media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Destephen
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nicholas Ballard
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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6
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Dutra GVS, Silvério Neto W, Araújo PHHD, Sayer C, Silveira Neto BAD, Machado F. Cationic polymerization of styrene using iron-containing ionic liquid catalysts in an aqueous dispersed medium. POLIMEROS 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.04620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Destephen A, Lezama L, Ballard N. Lewis acid-surfactant complex catalyzed polymerization in aqueous dispersed media: cationic or radical polymerization? Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00363h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is presented that shows Lewis acid-surfactant complex catalyzed polymerization proceeds via a radical, not a cationic, mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Destephen
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Joxe Mari Korta Center
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - Luis Lezama
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU
- Bilbao
- Spain
| | - Nicholas Ballard
- POLYMAT
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Joxe Mari Korta Center
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
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8
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Schneider AF, Chen Y, Brook MA. Trace water affects tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane catalytic activity in the Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13599-13606. [PMID: 31455970 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02756d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Improved methods to control silicone synthesis are required due to the sensitivity of siloxane bonds to acid/base-mediated chain redistribution/depolymerization. The Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction employs tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane as an efficient catalyst (<0.1 mol%) for siloxane bond formation from hydro- and alkoxysilanes - typical reactions proceed in open flasks at room temperature within minutes. While advantageous under ideal conditions, the boron catalyst activity may be affected by age, storage conditions and various environmental factors, particularly humidity. Under conditions of high humidity it may be necessary to apply heat and/or use increased catalyst loading in the reactions; there is often an induction time. We examine induction times in the Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction as a function of water concentrations in the reagent or catalyst solution and show that water in the reagent solution or atmosphere is less problematic than water found in the catalyst stock solution. A relatively linear increase in induction time accompanied higher water concentrations in the catalyst solution - no such effect was observed when the water was in the reagent solution. Reaction rates in both scenarios were similar, i.e., not affected by the induction time. Improvements in the stability of catalyst solutions were observed when B(C6F5)3 was stored in low molecular weight silicone oils, and pre-complexed with HSi(OSiMe3)3. These outcomes are ascribed to the ability of HSi groups to outcompete water in binding with B(C6F5)3 to initiate reaction, unless the boron is pre-complexed with water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa F Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1, Canada.
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9
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Zhang J, Wu Y, Chen K, Zhang M, Gong L, Yang D, Li S, Guo W. Characteristics and Mechanism of Vinyl Ether Cationic Polymerization in Aqueous Media Initiated by Alcohol/B(C₆F₅)₃/Et₂O. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E500. [PMID: 30960484 PMCID: PMC6473351 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aqueous cationic polymerizations of vinyl ethers (isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE), 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether (CEVE), and n-butyl vinyl ether (n-BVE)) were performed for the first time by a CumOH/B(C₆F₅)₃/Et₂O initiating system in an air atmosphere. The polymerization proceeded in a reproducible manner through the careful design of experimental conditions (adding initiator, co-solvents, and surfactant or decreasing the reaction temperature), and the polymerization characteristics were systematically tested and compared in the suspension and emulsion. The significant difference with traditional cationic polymerization is that the polymerization rate in aqueous media using B(C₆F₅)₃/Et₂O as a co-initiator decreases when the temperature is lowered. The polymerization sites are located on the monomer/water surface. Density functional theory (DFT) was applied to investigate the competition between H₂O and alcohol combined with B(C₆F₅)₃ for providing a theoretical basis. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism for the aqueous cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers using CumOH/B(C₆F₅)₃/Et₂O was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, Beijing 102617, China.
| | - Yibo Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, Beijing 102617, China.
| | - Kaixuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, Beijing 102617, China.
| | - Liangfa Gong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, Beijing 102617, China.
| | - Shuxin Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, Beijing 102617, China.
| | - Wenli Guo
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials, Beijing 102617, China.
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10
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Zhang J, Wu Y, Li X, Yang D, Zhang M, Wang H, Shang Y, Ren P, Mu X, Li S, Guo W. Characteristics and Mechanism of Styrene Cationic Polymerization in Aqueous Media Initiated by Cumyl Alcohol/B(C 6F 5) 3. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Zhang
- College of Material Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yibo Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- College of Material Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Yuwei Shang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Ping Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Xin Mu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Shuxin Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
| | - Wenli Guo
- College of Material Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Key Lab of Special Elastomeric Composite Materials; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology; Beijing 102617 China
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11
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Cheng Y, Ou X, Ma J, Sun L, Ma ZH. A New Amphiphilic Brønsted Acid as Catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts Reactions of Indoles in Water. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street 430070 Wuhan Hongshan District China
| | - Xiongyu Ou
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street 430070 Wuhan Hongshan District China
| | - Jimei Ma
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street 430070 Wuhan Hongshan District China
| | - Linhao Sun
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street 430070 Wuhan Hongshan District China
| | - Zhong-Hua Ma
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences; Huazhong Agricultural University; No.1, Shizishan Street 430070 Wuhan Hongshan District China
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12
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Patrocinio VMB, Agner T, Dutra GVS, Machado F, Neto BAD, Araújo PHH, Sayer C. High Molecular Weight Polystyrene Obtained by Cationic Emulsion Polymerization Catalyzed by Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquid. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201800061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius M. B. Patrocinio
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040‐900 Brazil
| | - Tamara Agner
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040‐900 Brazil
| | - Gabriel V. S. Dutra
- Chemistry Institute (IQ‐UnB)University of Brasília Brasília DF 70904‐970 Brazil
| | - Fabricio Machado
- Chemistry Institute (IQ‐UnB)University of Brasília Brasília DF 70904‐970 Brazil
| | - Brenno A. D. Neto
- Chemistry Institute (IQ‐UnB)University of Brasília Brasília DF 70904‐970 Brazil
| | - Pedro H. H. Araújo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040‐900 Brazil
| | - Claudia Sayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food EngineeringFederal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040‐900 Brazil
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13
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Sang W, Yan Q. Electro-Controlled Living Cationic Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4907-4911. [PMID: 29508512 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cationic polymerizations have long been industrialized; however, stimulus-regulated cationic polymerization remains to be developed. An electrochemically controlled living cationic polymerization is presented for the first time. In the presence of external potential and organic-based electrocatalyst, a series of monomers can be polymerized under a cationic chain-transfer mechanism. The resulting polymers exhibit well-defined molecular mass, narrow dispersity, and good chain-end fidelity. By controlling the external potential to switch the electrocatalyst between its oxidized and reduced states, ON/OFF polymerization can be achieved. This method is a versatile way to a large range of monomers, including vinyl ether-type and p-substituted styrene-type monomers. Given the sustainability feature and broad interest of electrochemical synthetic techniques, we envisaged that this method would lead a new direction of external regulated living ionic polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Department of Macromolecular Engineering; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers; Department of Macromolecular Engineering; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
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15
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Hulnik MI, Vasilenko IV, Radchenko AV, Peruch F, Ganachaud F, Kostjuk SV. Aqueous cationic homo- and co-polymerizations of β-myrcene and styrene: a green route toward terpene-based rubbery polymers. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01378k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A green and cost-efficient approach for the synthesis of bio-based poly(β-myrcene) and poly(β-myrcene-co-styrene) via emulsion cationic polymerization is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim I. Hulnik
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220006 Minsk
- Belarus
| | - Irina V. Vasilenko
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220006 Minsk
- Belarus
| | - Alexei V. Radchenko
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques
- UMR 5629 CNRS/University of Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP
- 33607 Pessac Cedex
- France
| | - Frédéric Peruch
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques
- UMR 5629 CNRS/University of Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP
- 33607 Pessac Cedex
- France
| | | | - Sergei V. Kostjuk
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University
- 220006 Minsk
- Belarus
- INSA-Lyon
- IMP
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