1
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Tabandeh S, Ateeq T, Leon L. Drug Encapsulation via Peptide-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300440. [PMID: 37875787 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based polyelectrolyte complexes are biocompatible materials that can encapsulate molecules with different polarities due to their ability to be precisely designed. Here we use UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy to investigate the encapsulation of model drugs, doxorubicin (DOX) and methylene blue (MB) using a series of rationally designed polypeptides. For both drugs, we find an overall higher encapsulation efficiency with sequences that have higher charge density, highlighting the importance of ionic interactions between the small molecules and the peptides. However, comparing molecules with the same charge density, illustrated that the most hydrophobic sequence pairs had the highest encapsulation of both DOX and MB molecules. The phase behavior and stability of DOX-containing complexes did not change compared to the complexes without drugs. However, MB encapsulation caused changes in the stabilities of the complexes. The sequence pair with the highest charge density and hydrophobicity had the most dramatic increase in stability, which coincided with a phase change from liquid to solid. This study illustrates how multiple types of molecular interactions are required for efficient encapsulation of poorly soluble drugs and provides insights into the molecular design of delivery carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tabandeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, 12760 Pegasus Dr, Orlando, FL-32816, USA
| | - Tahoora Ateeq
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, 12760 Pegasus Dr, Orlando, FL-32816, USA
| | - Lorraine Leon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, 12760 Pegasus Dr, Orlando, FL-32816, USA
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Pkwy #400, Orlando, FL-32826, USA
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2
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Li M, Mirshafian R, Wang J, Mohanram H, Ahn KA, Hosseinzadeh S, Pervushin KV, Waite JH, Yu J. Compliant Clients: Catechols Exhibit Enhanced Solubility and Stability in Diverse Complex Coacervates. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4190-4198. [PMID: 37603820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte coacervates, with their greater-than-water density, low interfacial energy, shear thinning viscosity, and ability to undergo structural arrest, mediate the formation of diverse load-bearing macromolecular materials in living organisms as well as in industrial material fabrication. Coacervates, however, have other useful attributes that are challenging to study given the metastability of coacervate colloidal droplets and a lack of suitable analytical methods. We adopt solution electrochemistry and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements to obtain remarkable insights about coacervates as solvent media for low-molecular-weight catechols. When catechols are added to dispersions of coacervated polyelectrolytes, there are two significant consequences: (1) catechols preferentially partition up to 260-fold into the coacervate phase, and (2) coacervates stabilize catechol redox potentials by up to +200 mV relative to the equilibrium solution. The results suggest that the relationship between phase-separated polyelectrolytes and their client molecules is distinct from that existing in aqueous solution and has the potential for insulating many redox-unstable chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Razieh Mirshafian
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jining Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Harini Mohanram
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Kollbe Ando Ahn
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Shayan Hosseinzadeh
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Konstantin V Pervushin
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - J Herbert Waite
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 637553, Singapore
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3
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A mini-review on bio-inspired polymer self-assembly: single-component and interactive polymer systems. Emerg Top Life Sci 2022; 6:593-607. [PMID: 36254846 DOI: 10.1042/etls20220057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Biology demonstrates meticulous ways to control biomaterials self-assemble into ordered and disordered structures to carry out necessary bioprocesses. Empowering the synthetic polymers to self-assemble like biomaterials is a hallmark of polymer physics studies. Unlike protein engineering, polymer science demystifies self-assembly by purposely embedding particular functional groups into the backbone of the polymer while isolating others. The polymer field has now entered an era of advancing materials design by mimicking nature to a very large extend. For example, we can make sequence-specific polymers to study highly ordered mesostructures similar to studying proteins, and use charged polymers to study liquid-liquid phase separation as in membraneless organelles. This mini-review summarizes recent advances in studying self-assembly using bio-inspired strategies on single-component and multi-component systems. Sequence-defined techniques are used to make on-demand hybrid materials to isolate the effects of chirality and chemistry in synthetic block copolymer self-assembly. In the meantime, sequence patterning leads to more hierarchical assemblies comprised of only hydrophobic and hydrophilic comonomers. The second half of the review discusses complex coacervates formed as a result of the associative charge interactions of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. The tunable phase behavior and viscoelasticity are unique in studying liquid macrophase separation because the slow polymer relaxation comes primarily from charge interactions. Studies of bio-inspired polymer self-assembly significantly impact how we optimize user-defined materials on a molecular level.
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4
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Yekymov E, Attia D, Levi-Kalisman Y, Bitton R, Yerushalmi-Rozen R. Effects of Non-Ionic Micelles on the Acid-Base Equilibria of a Weak Polyelectrolyte. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091926. [PMID: 35567095 PMCID: PMC9100363 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Weak polyelectrolytes (WPEs) are widely used as pH-responsive materials, pH modulators and charge regulators in biomedical and technological applications that involve multi-component fluid environments. In these complex fluids, coupling between (often weak) interactions induced by micelles, nanoparticles and molecular aggregates modify the pKa as compared to that measured in single component solutions. Here we investigated the effect of coupling between hydrogen bonding and excluded volume interactions on the titration curves and pKa of polyacrylic acid (PAA) in solutions comprising PEO-based micelles (Pluronics and Brij-S20) of different size and volume fraction. Titration experiments of dilute, salt-free solutions of PAA (5 kDa, 30 kDa and 100 kDa) at low degree of polymer ionization (α < 0.25) drive spatial re-organization of the system, reduce the degree of ionization and consequentially increase the pKa by up to ~0.7 units. These findings indicate that the actual degree of ionization of WPEs measured in complex fluids is significantly lower (at a given pH) than that measured in single-component solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenee Yekymov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (E.Y.); (D.A.); (R.B.)
| | - David Attia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (E.Y.); (D.A.); (R.B.)
| | - Yael Levi-Kalisman
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ronit Bitton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (E.Y.); (D.A.); (R.B.)
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Rachel Yerushalmi-Rozen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (E.Y.); (D.A.); (R.B.)
- The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscience and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence:
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5
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Jacobs MI, Jira ER, Schroeder CM. Understanding How Coacervates Drive Reversible Small Molecule Reactions to Promote Molecular Complexity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:14323-14335. [PMID: 34856104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase-separated coacervate droplets give rise to membraneless compartments that play an important role in the spatial organization and reactivity in cells. Due to their molecularly crowded nature and ability to sequester biomolecules, coacervate droplets create distinct environments for enzymatic reaction kinetics and reaction mechanisms that markedly differ from bulk solution. In this work, we use a combination of experiments and quantitative modeling to understand how coacervate droplets promote reversible small molecule reaction chemistry. In particular, we study a model condensation reaction generating an unstable fluorescent imine in polyacrylic acid-polyethylene glycol coacervate droplets over a range of conditions. At equilibrium, the concentration of the imine product in coacervate droplets is approximately 140-fold larger than that in bulk solution, which arises due to preferential partitioning of reactants and products into coacervate droplets and a reaction equilibrium constant that is roughly threefold larger in coacervate droplets than in solution. A reaction-diffusion model is developed to quantitatively describe how competing reaction and partitioning equilibria govern the spatial distribution of the imine product inside coacervate droplets. Overall, our results show that compartmentalization stabilizes kinetically labile reaction products, which enables larger reactant concentrations in coacervate droplets compared to bulk solution. Broadly, these results provide an improved understanding of how biomolecular condensates promote multistep reaction pathways involving unstable reaction intermediates and suggest how coacervates provide a potential abiotic mechanism to promote molecular complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael I Jacobs
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Edward R Jira
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Charles M Schroeder
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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6
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Abbas M, Lipiński WP, Nakashima KK, Huck WTS, Spruijt E. A short peptide synthon for liquid-liquid phase separation. Nat Chem 2021; 13:1046-1054. [PMID: 34645986 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00788-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation of disordered proteins has emerged as a ubiquitous route to membraneless compartments in living cells, and similar coacervates may have played a role when the first cells formed. However, existing coacervates are typically made of multiple macromolecular components, and designing short peptide analogues capable of self-coacervation has proven difficult. Here we present a short peptide synthon for phase separation, made of only two dipeptide stickers linked via a flexible, hydrophilic spacer. These small-molecule compounds self-coacervate into micrometre-sized liquid droplets at sub-millimolar concentrations, which retain up to 75 wt% water. The design is general and we derive guidelines for the required sticker hydrophobicity and spacer polarity. To illustrate their potential as protocells, we create a disulfide-linked derivative that undergoes reversible compartmentalization controlled by redox chemistry. The resulting coacervates sequester and melt nucleic acids, and act as microreactors that catalyse two different anabolic reactions yielding molecules of increasing complexity. This provides a stepping stone for new coacervate-based protocells made of single peptide species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Abbas
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech P Lipiński
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karina K Nakashima
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilhelm T S Huck
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evan Spruijt
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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7
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Therapeutics-how to treat phase separation-associated diseases. Emerg Top Life Sci 2021; 4:307-318. [PMID: 32364240 PMCID: PMC7733670 DOI: 10.1042/etls20190176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation has drawn attention as many neurodegeneration or cancer-associated proteins are able to form liquid membraneless compartments (condensates) by liquid-liquid phase separation. Furthermore, there is rapidly growing evidence that disease-associated mutation or post-translational modification of these proteins causes aberrant location, composition or physical properties of the condensates. It is ambiguous whether aberrant condensates are always causative in disease mechanisms, however they are likely promising potential targets for therapeutics. The conceptual framework of liquid-liquid phase separation provides opportunities for novel therapeutic approaches. This review summarises how the extensive recent advances in understanding control of nucleation, growth and composition of condensates by protein post-translational modification has revealed many possibilities for intervention by conventional small molecule enzyme inhibitors. This includes the first proof-of-concept examples. However, understanding membraneless organelle formation as a physical chemistry process also highlights possible physicochemical mechanisms of intervention. There is huge demand for innovation in drug development, especially for challenging diseases of old age including neurodegeneration and cancer. The conceptual framework of liquid-liquid phase separation provides a new paradigm for thinking about modulating protein function and is very different from enzyme lock-and-key or structured binding site concepts and presents new opportunities for innovation.
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8
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van Lente J, Pazos Urrea M, Brouwer T, Schuur B, Lindhoud S. Complex coacervates as extraction media. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2021; 23:5812-5824. [PMID: 34456626 PMCID: PMC8366913 DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01880a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Various solvents such as ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, and aqueous two phase systems have been suggested as greener alternatives to existing extraction processes. We propose to add macroscopic complex coacervates to this list. Complex coacervates are liquid-like forms of polyion condensates and consist of a complex of oppositely charged polyions and water. Previous research focussing on the biological significance of these polyion-rich phases has shown that polyion condensates have the ability to extract certain solutes from water and back-extract them by changing parameters such as ionic strength and pH. In this study, we present the distribution coefficients of five commonly used industrial chemicals, namely lactic acid, butanol, and three types of lipase enzymes in poly(ethylenimine)/poly(acrylic acid) complex coacervates. It was found that the distribution coefficients can vary strongly upon variation of tunable parameters such as polyion ratio, ionic strength, polyion and compound concentrations, and temperature. Distribution coefficients ranged from approximately 2 to 50 depending on the tuning of the system parameters. It was also demonstrated that a temperature-swing extraction is possible, with back-extraction of butanol from complex coacervates with a recovery of 21.1%, demonstrating their potential as extraction media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéré van Lente
- Department of Molecules & Materials, University of Twente, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Drienerlolaan 5 7522 NB Enschede The Netherlands
- Nanobiophysics group, University of Twente, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Drienerlolaan 5 7522 NB Enschede The Netherlands
- Membrane Science & Technology cluster, University of Twente, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Drienerlolaan 5 7522 NB Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Monica Pazos Urrea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NO-7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Thomas Brouwer
- Sustainable Process Technology group, University of Twente, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Drienerlolaan 5 7522 NB Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Boelo Schuur
- Sustainable Process Technology group, University of Twente, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Drienerlolaan 5 7522 NB Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Lindhoud
- Department of Molecules & Materials, University of Twente, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Drienerlolaan 5 7522 NB Enschede The Netherlands
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9
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Wang J, Waltmann C, Umana-Kossio H, Olvera de la Cruz M, Torkelson JM. Heterogeneous Charged Complexes of Random Copolymers for the Segregation of Organic Molecules. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:882-891. [PMID: 34079903 PMCID: PMC8161480 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nature harnesses the disorder of intrinsically disordered proteins to organize enzymes and biopolymers into membraneless organelles. The heterogeneous nature of synthetic random copolymers with charged, polar, and hydrophobic groups has been exploited to mimic intrinsically disordered proteins, forming complexes with enzymatically active proteins and delivering them into nonbiological environments. Here, the properties of polyelectrolyte complexes composed of two random copolymer polyelectrolytes are studied experimentally and via simulation with the aim of exploiting such complexes for segregating organic molecules from water. The anionic polyelectrolyte contains hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains and forms self-assembled hydrophobic domains. The cationic polymer is a high-molecular-weight copolymer of hydrophilic and charged side groups and acts as a flocculant. We find that the polyelectrolyte complexes obtained with this anionic and cationic random copolymer system are capable of absorbing small cationic, anionic, and hydrophobic organic molecules, including perfluorooctanoic acid, a compound of great environmental and toxicologic concern. Importantly, these macroscopic complexes can be easily removed from water, thereby providing a simple approach for organic contaminant removal in aqueous media. MARTINI and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations explore how the microscale heterogeneity of these random copolymer complexes relates to their segregation functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Wang
- Dept.
of Materials Science and Engineering, Dept. of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Dept. of Chemistry, and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Curt Waltmann
- Dept.
of Materials Science and Engineering, Dept. of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Dept. of Chemistry, and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Han Umana-Kossio
- Dept.
of Materials Science and Engineering, Dept. of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Dept. of Chemistry, and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Monica Olvera de la Cruz
- Dept.
of Materials Science and Engineering, Dept. of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Dept. of Chemistry, and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - John M. Torkelson
- Dept.
of Materials Science and Engineering, Dept. of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Dept. of Chemistry, and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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10
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Kapelner RA, Yeong V, Obermeyer AC. Molecular determinants of protein-based coacervates. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.101407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Li J, Zhang Y, Chen X, Ma L, Li P, Yu H. Protein phase separation and its role in chromatin organization and diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111520. [PMID: 33765580 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the physical sciences, solid, liquid, and gas are the most familiar phase states, whose essence is their existence reflecting the different spatial distribution of molecular components. The biological molecules in the living cell also have differences in spatial distribution. The molecules organized in the form of membrane-bound organelles are well recognized. However, the biomolecules organized in membraneless compartments called biomolecular condensates remain elusive. The liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), as a new emerging scientific breakthrough, describes the biomolecules assembled in special distribution and appeared as membraneless condensates in the form of a new "phase" compared with the surrounding liquid milieu. LLPS provides an important theoretical basis for explaining the composition of biological molecules and related biological reactions. Mounting evidence has emerged recently that phase-separated condensates participate in various biological activities. This article reviews the occurrence of LLPS and underlying regulatory mechanisms for understanding how multivalent molecules drive phase transitions to form the biomolecular condensates. And, it also summarizes recent major progress in elucidating the roles of LLPS in chromatin organization and provides clues for the development of new innovative therapeutic strategies for related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Dr. Neher's Laboratory for innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Dr. Neher's Laboratory for innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Dr. Neher's Laboratory for innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- Dr. Neher's Laboratory for innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Pilong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Haijie Yu
- Dr. Neher's Laboratory for innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China.
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12
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Sahu S, Karan P, Mishra AK. Nature of Saccharide-Induced F127 Micellar Dehydration: An Insight with FDAPT (2-Formyl-5-(4'- N, N-dimethylaminophenyl)thiophene), a Multiparametric Fluorescent Probe. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:3067-3074. [PMID: 33650876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
FDAPT (2-formyl-5-(4'-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)thiophene) is an efficient environment-sensitive fluorescent probe, which senses the alteration of its microenvironment with six different fluorescent parameters, namely, emission intensity, wavelength, fluorescence anisotropy, and corresponding three time-dependent parameters fluorescence lifetime, time-resolved emission spectrum, and anisotropy decay. In the present work, the nature of saccharide-induced dehydration of a F127 polymeric micelle is investigated in detail with FDAPT emission. Using a multiparametric fluorescence approach, it is observed that the saccharide molecules not only decrease the critical micellization temperature of the F127 solution but also strongly alter the physical properties inside the micellar structures. The local polarity and fluidity significantly decrease in the saccharide-induced micelle as compared to the normal F127 micelle. The probe solvation dynamics study reveals that the water content in the core as well as corona domain diminishes significantly in the saccharide-induced micelle as compared to the normal micelle. More precisely, dehydration occurs more in the core region than in the corona region. Also, the saccharide-induced dehydration alters the relative size of the core and corona regions. The extent of dehydration varies with different saccharide molecules. It is also found that the dehydration efficiency order is trisaccharide (raffinose) > disaccharide (sucrose) > monosaccharide (glucose and fructose).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saugata Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Sardar Patel Road, Adyar, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pulak Karan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Sardar Patel Road, Adyar, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Sardar Patel Road, Adyar, Chennai 600036, India
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13
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Srivastava S, Levi AE, Goldfeld DJ, Tirrell MV. Structure, Morphology, and Rheology of Polyelectrolyte Complex Hydrogels Formed by Self-Assembly of Oppositely Charged Triblock Polyelectrolytes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samanvaya Srivastava
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Adam E. Levi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - David J. Goldfeld
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Matthew V. Tirrell
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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14
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Teo N, Jin C, Kulkarni A, Jana SC. Continuous fabrication of core-shell aerogel microparticles using microfluidic flows. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 561:772-781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Jing B, Ferreira M, Gao Y, Wood C, Li R, Fukuto M, Liu T, Zhu Y. Unconventional Complex Coacervation between Neutral Polymer and Inorganic Polyoxometalate in Aqueous Solution via Direct Water Mediation. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benxin Jing
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Manuela Ferreira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Yunyi Gao
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Christopher Wood
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Masafumi Fukuto
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Tianbo Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Yingxi Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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16
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van Lente J, Claessens MMA, Lindhoud S. Charge-Based Separation of Proteins Using Polyelectrolyte Complexes as Models for Membraneless Organelles. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3696-3703. [PMID: 31418555 PMCID: PMC6794638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Membraneless organelles are liquid compartments within cells with different solvent properties than the surrounding environment. This difference in solvent properties is thought to result in function-related selective partitioning of proteins. Proteins have also been shown to accumulate in polyelectrolyte complexes, but whether the uptake in these complexes is selective has not been ascertained yet. Here, we show the selective partitioning of two structurally similar but oppositely charged proteins into polyelectrolyte complexes. We demonstrate that these proteins can be separated from a mixture by altering the polyelectrolyte complex composition and released from the complex by lowering the pH. Combined, we demonstrate that polyelectrolyte complexes can separate proteins from a mixture based on protein charge. Besides providing deeper insight into the selective partitioning in membraneless organelles, potential applications for selective biomolecule partitioning in polyelectrolyte complexes include drug delivery or extraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéré
J. van Lente
- Department
of Nanobiophysics, and Membrane Science & Technology Cluster, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mireille M. A.
E. Claessens
- Department
of Nanobiophysics, and Membrane Science & Technology Cluster, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Lindhoud
- Department
of Nanobiophysics, and Membrane Science & Technology Cluster, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
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17
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Fan Y, Wang Y. Applications of small-angle X-ray scattering/small-angle neutron scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy to understand self-assembly of surfactants. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Nakashima KK, Vibhute MA, Spruijt E. Biomolecular Chemistry in Liquid Phase Separated Compartments. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:21. [PMID: 31001538 PMCID: PMC6456709 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical processes inside the cell take place in a complex environment that is highly crowded, heterogeneous, and replete with interfaces. The recently recognized importance of biomolecular condensates in cellular organization has added new elements of complexity to our understanding of chemistry in the cell. Many of these condensates are formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and behave like liquid droplets. Such droplet organelles can be reproduced and studied in vitro by using coacervates and have some remarkable features, including regulated assembly, differential partitioning of macromolecules, permeability to small molecules, and a uniquely crowded environment. Here, we review the main principles of biochemical organization in model membraneless compartments. We focus on some promising in vitro coacervate model systems that aptly mimic part of the compartmentalized cellular environment. We address the physicochemical characteristics of these liquid phase separated compartments, and their impact on biomolecular chemistry and assembly. These model systems enable a systematic investigation of the role of spatiotemporal organization of biomolecules in controlling biochemical processes in the cell, and they provide crucial insights for the development of functional artificial organelles and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evan Spruijt
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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19
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Zhao M, Wang C, Jiang H, Dawadi MB, Vogt BD, Modarelli DA, Zacharia NS. Polyelectrolyte-micelle coacervates: intrapolymer-dominant vs. interpolymer-dominant association, solute uptake and rheological properties. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:3043-3054. [PMID: 30901008 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of polyelectrolyte charge density, polyelectrolyte-to-surfactant ratio, and micelle species on coacervation were studied by turbidity, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential measurements to examine the coacervation of the weak polyelectrolyte branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) and oppositely charged sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles as well as BPEI and mixed micelles composed of SDS and poly(ethylene glycol) 4-nonylphenyl 3-sulfopropyl ether potassium salt (PENS). The results of dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements are discussed in terms of pH and BPEI-to-surfactant ratio. An intrapolymer-dominant to interpolymer-dominant association model for the BPEI-micelle coacervates was proposed based on the variation of size and zeta potential of coacervate particles by their BPEI-to-surfactant ratio. The partition coefficient of solutes into BPEI-micelle coacervates was determined using UV-vis measurements as a function of pH, BPEI-to-surfactant ratio, and mixed micelle composition. Both the hydrophobicity of solutes and micelles, as well as the association mode of coacervates, impact the solute uptake efficiency. Dynamic rheological measurements on the coacervates suggest that the rheological properties of the complex coacervates are impacted by the association mode of the coacervates as well as the charge density on BPEI chains during coacervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, 250 S. Forge St, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
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20
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McCall PM, Srivastava S, Perry SL, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Tirrell MV. Partitioning and Enhanced Self-Assembly of Actin in Polypeptide Coacervates. Biophys J 2019; 114:1636-1645. [PMID: 29642033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomolecules exist and function in cellular microenvironments that control their spatial organization, local concentration, and biochemical reactivity. Due to the complexity of native cytoplasm, the development of artificial bioreactors and cellular mimics to compartmentalize, concentrate, and control the local physico-chemical properties is of great interest. Here, we employ self-assembling polypeptide coacervates to explore the partitioning of the ubiquitous cytoskeletal protein actin into liquid polymer-rich droplets. We find that actin spontaneously partitions into coacervate droplets and is enriched by up to ∼30-fold. Actin polymerizes into micrometer-long filaments and, in contrast to the globular protein BSA, these filaments localize predominately to the droplet periphery. We observe up to a 50-fold enhancement in the actin filament assembly rate inside coacervate droplets, consistent with the enrichment of actin within the coacervate phase. Together these results suggest that coacervates can serve as a versatile platform in which to localize and enrich biomolecules to study their reactivity in physiological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M McCall
- Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Samanvaya Srivastava
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois
| | - Sarah L Perry
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David R Kovar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Margaret L Gardel
- Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Matthew V Tirrell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois.
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21
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Tabandeh S, Leon L. Engineering Peptide-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes with Increased Hydrophobicity. Molecules 2019; 24:E868. [PMID: 30823653 PMCID: PMC6429441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexation is a versatile platform for the design of self-assembled materials. Here we use rational design to create ionic hydrophobically-patterned peptides that allow us to precisely explore the role of hydrophobicity on electrostatic self-assembly. Polycations and polyanions were designed and synthesized with an alternating sequence of d- and l-chiral patterns of lysine or glutamic acid with either glycine, alanine or leucine due to their increasing hydrophobicity index, respectively. Two motifs were considered for the oppositely charged patterned peptides; one with equal residues of charged and uncharged amino acids and the other with increased charge density. Mass spectroscopy, circular dichroism, H- and F-NMR spectroscopy were used to characterize the polypeptides. Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed using the sequences were characterized using turbidity measurements, optical microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Our results show that the critical salt concentration, a key measure of PEC stability, increased with both increasing charge density as well as hydrophobicity. Furthermore, by increasing the hydrophobicity, the amount of PEC formed increased with temperature, contrary to purely ionic PECs. Lastly, we assessed the encapsulation behavior of these materials using a hydrophobic dye. Concluding that encapsulation efficiency increased with hydrophobic content of the complexes providing insight for future work on the application of these materials for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tabandeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Lorraine Leon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
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22
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Wu G, Liu X, Zhou P, Wang L, Hegazy M, Huang X, Huang Y. A facile approach for the reduction of 4‑nitrophenol and degradation of congo red using gold nanoparticles or laccase decorated hybrid inorganic nanoparticles/polymer-biomacromolecules vesicles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 94:524-533. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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23
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de Freitas AG, Muraro PI, Bortolotto T, Trindade SG, Schmidt V, Lopes LQ, Ninago M, Satti A, Ciolino A, Villar M, Giacomelli C. Facile one-pot synthesis and solution behavior of poly(acrylic acid)-block-polycaprolactone copolymers. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Meng X, Schiffman JD, Perry SL. Electrospinning Cargo-Containing Polyelectrolyte Complex Fibers: Correlating Molecular Interactions to Complex Coacervate Phase Behavior and Fiber Formation. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxi Meng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jessica D. Schiffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Sarah L. Perry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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25
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Zhao M, Zacharia NS. Protein encapsulation via polyelectrolyte complex coacervation: Protection against protein denaturation. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:163326. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Nicole S. Zacharia
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
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26
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Fares HM, Ghoussoub YE, Delgado JD, Fu J, Urban VS, Schlenoff JB. Scattering Neutrons along the Polyelectrolyte Complex/Coacervate Continuum. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi M. Fares
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Yara E. Ghoussoub
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Jose D. Delgado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Jingcheng Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Volker S. Urban
- Center for Structural Molecular Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Joseph B. Schlenoff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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27
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Effect of small molecules on the phase behavior and coacervation of aqueous solutions of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate). J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 518:216-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Li L, Srivastava S, Andreev M, Marciel AB, de Pablo JJ, Tirrell MV. Phase Behavior and Salt Partitioning in Polyelectrolyte Complex Coacervates. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Samanvaya Srivastava
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Marat Andreev
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Amanda B. Marciel
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Matthew V. Tirrell
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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29
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de Silva UK, Brown J, Lapitsky Y. Poly(allylamine)/tripolyphosphate coacervates enable high loading and multiple-month release of weakly amphiphilic anionic drugs: an in vitro study with ibuprofen. RSC Adv 2018; 8:19409-19419. [PMID: 35540986 PMCID: PMC9080659 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02588f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
When synthetic polyamines, such poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), are mixed with crosslink-forming multivalent anions, they can undergo complex coacervation. This phenomenon has recently been exploited in various applications, ranging from inorganic material synthesis, to underwater adhesion, to multiple-month release of small, water-soluble molecules. Here, using ibuprofen as a model drug molecule, we show that these coacervates may be especially effective in the long-term release of weakly amphiphilic anionic drugs. Colloidal amphiphile/polyelectrolyte complex dispersions are first prepared by mixing the amphiphilic drug (ibuprofen) with PAH. Pentavalent tripolyphosphate (TPP) ions are then added to these dispersions to form ibuprofen-loaded PAH/TPP coacervates (where the strongly-binding TPP displaces the weaker-bound ibuprofen from the PAH amine groups). The initial ibuprofen/PAH binding leads to extremely high drug loading capacities (LC-values), where the ibuprofen comprises up to roughly 30% of the coacervate mass. Conversely, the dense ionic crosslinking of PAH by TPP results in very slow release rates, where the release of ibuprofen (a small, water-soluble drug) is extended over timescales that exceed 6 months. When ibuprofen is replaced with strong anionic amphiphiles, however (i.e., sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate), the stronger amphiphile/polyelectrolyte binding disrupts PAH/TPP association and sharply increases the coacervate solute permeability. These findings suggest that: (1) as sustained release vehicles, PAH/TPP coacervates might be very attractive for the encapsulation and multiple-month release of weakly amphiphilic anionic payloads; and (2) strong amphiphile incorporation could be useful for tailoring PAH/TPP coacervate properties. Gel-like coacervates prepared through ionotropic gelation enable very high loading and multiple-month release of weakly amphiphilic small molecules. Conversely, strong amphiphile incorporation disrupts ionic crosslinking and strikingly alters the coacervate properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yakov Lapitsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Toledo
- Toledo
- USA
- School of Green Chemistry and Engineering
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