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Kleine A, Schubert US, Jäger M. Exploiting α-/ω-Reactivities during Polymerization for Controlled Heterotelechelic Poly(carbazole)s. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kleine
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Jäger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743 Jena, Germany
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2
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Zheng B, Yue Y, Ni J, Sun R, Min J, Wang J, Jiang L, Huo L. An end-capped strategy for crystalline polymer donor to improve the photovoltaic performance of non-fullerene solar cells. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Kobayashi S, Ashiya M, Yamamoto T, Tajima K, Yamamoto Y, Isono T, Satoh T. Suzuki-Miyaura Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation of Triolborate-Type Carbazole Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234168. [PMID: 34883672 PMCID: PMC8659485 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the Suzuki–Miyaura catalyst-transfer polycondensation (SCTP) of triolborate-type carbazole monomers, i.e., potassium 3-(6-bromo-9-(2-octyldodecyl)-9H-carbazole-2-yl)triolborate (M1) and potassium 2-(7-bromo-9-(2-octyldodecyl)-9H-carbazole-2-yl) triolborate (M2), as an efficient and versatile approach for precisely synthesizing poly[9-(2-octyldodecyl)-3,6-carbazole] (3,6-PCz) and poly[9-(2-octyldodecyl)-2,7-carbazole] (2,7-PCz), respectively. The SCTP of triolborate-type carbazole monomers was performed in a mixture of THF/H2O using an initiating system consisted of 4-iodobenzyl alcohol, Pd2(dba)3•CHCl3, and t-Bu3P. In the SCTP of M1, cyclic by-product formation was confirmed, as reported for the corresponding pinacolboronate-type monomer. By optimizing the reaction temperature and reaction time, we successfully synthesized linear end-functionalized 3,6-PCz for the first time. The SCTP of M2 proceeded with almost no side reaction, yielding 2,7-PCz with a functional initiator residue at the α-chain end. Kinetic and block copolymerization experiments demonstrated that the SCTP of M2 proceeded in a chain-growth and controlled/living polymerization manner. This is a novel study on the synthesis of 2,7-PCz via SCTP. By taking advantage of the well-controlled nature of this polymerization system, we demonstrated the synthesis of high-molecular-weight 2,7-PCzs (Mn = 5–38 kg mol−1) with a relatively narrow ÐM (1.35–1.48). Furthermore, we successfully synthesized fluorene/carbazole copolymers as well as 2,7-PCz-containing diblock copolymers, demonstrating the versatility of the present polymerization system as a novel synthetic strategy for well-defined polycarbazole-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saburo Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (S.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Mayoh Ashiya
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (S.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.Y.); (K.T.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Kenji Tajima
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.Y.); (K.T.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yasunori Yamamoto
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.Y.); (K.T.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Takuya Isono
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.Y.); (K.T.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (T.I.); (T.S.)
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan; (T.Y.); (K.T.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (T.I.); (T.S.)
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4
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Grimm AB, Wang K, Rheingold AL, Moore CE, Szieberth D, Nyulászi L, Protasiewicz JD. 2-Aryl-1,3-Benzoxaphospholes as Unwilling Participants for Catalytic Suzuki–Miyaura CC Coupling Reactions. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra B. Grimm
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Dénes Szieberth
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Nyulászi
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - John D. Protasiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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Maeda B, Mori G, Sakakibara Y, Yagi A, Murakami K, Itami K. Photo‐Induced Arylation of Carbazoles With Aryldiazonium Salts. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bumpei Maeda
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Genki Mori
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Japan Tobacco Inc. 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki Osaka 569-1125 Japan
| | - Yota Sakakibara
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Akiko Yagi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Kei Murakami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- JST-PRESTO 7 Gobancho, Chiyoda Tokyo 102-0076 Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Graduate School of Science Nagoya University, Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
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Sugita H, Ohta Y, Yokozawa T. Synthesis of cyclic aromatic polymer containing thiophene or pyridine by means of unstoichiometric Suzuki‐Miyaura cyclic polycondensation: Effect of the position of bromine of heteroarylenes on cyclic polycondensation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Sugita
- Department of Materials and Life ChemistryKanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Materials and Life ChemistryKanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department of Materials and Life ChemistryKanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama Japan
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Yang Y, Li K, Wang C, Zhan H, Cheng Y. Effect of a Pendant Acceptor on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Properties of Conjugated Polymers with Backbone-Donor/Pendant-Acceptor Architecture. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:574-581. [PMID: 30632280 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Three sets of conjugated polymers with backbone-donor/pendant-acceptor architectures, named PCzA3PyB, PCzAB2Py, and PCzAB3Py, are designed and synthesized. The three isomeric benzoylpyridine-based pendant acceptor groups are 6-benzoylpyridin-3-yl (3PyB), 4-((pyridin-2-yl)carbonyl)phenyl (B2Py) and 4-((pyridin-3-yl)carbonyl)phenyl (B3Py), whereas the identical backbone consists of 3,6-carbazolyl and 2,7-acridinyl rings. One acridine ring and each acceptor group constitute a definite thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) unit, incorporated into the main chain of the polymers through the 2,7-position of the acridine ring with the varied content. All of the polymers display legible TADF features with a short microsecond-scale delayed lifetime (0.56-1.62 μs) and a small singlet/triplet energy gap (0.10-0.19 eV). Progressively redshifted emissions are observed in the order PCzAB3Py, PCzA3PyB, and PCzAB2Py owing to the different substitution patterns of the pyridyl group. Photoluminescence quantum yields can be improved by regulating the molar content of the TADF unit in the range 0.5-50 %. The non-doped organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) fabricated by solution-processing technology emit yellow-green to orange light. The polymers with 5 mol % of the TADF unit exhibit excellent comprehensive electroluminescence performance, in which PCzAB2Py5 achieves a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 11.9 %, low turn-on voltage of 3.0 V, yellow emission with a wavelength of 573 nm and slow roll-off with EQE of 11.6 % at a luminance of 1000 cd m-2 and driving voltage of 5.5 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Kuofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Public Technical Service Center, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
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Mede T, Jäger M, Schubert US. "Chemistry-on-the-complex": functional Ru II polypyridyl-type sensitizers as divergent building blocks. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7577-7627. [PMID: 30246196 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium polypyridyl type complexes are potent photoactive compounds, and have found - among others - a broad range of important applications in the fields of biomedical diagnosis and phototherapy, energy conversion schemes such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and molecular assemblies for tailored photo-initiated processes. In this regard, the linkage of RuII polypyridyl-type complexes with specific functional moieties is highly desirable to enhance their inherent photophysical properties, e.g., with a targeting function to achieve cell selectivity, or with a dye or redox-active subunits for energy- and electron-transfer. However, the classical approach of performing ligand syntheses first and the formation of Ru complexes in the last steps imposes synthetic limitations with regard to tolerating functional groups or moieties as well as requiring lengthy convergent routes. Alternatively, the diversification of Ru complexes after coordination (termed "chemistry-on-the-complex") provides an elegant complementary approach. In addition to the Click chemistry concept, the rapidly developing synthesis and purification methodologies permit the preparation of Ru conjugates via amidation, alkylation and cross-coupling reactions. In this regard, recent developments in chromatography shifted the limits of purification, e.g., by using new commercialized surface-modified silica gels and automated instrumentation. This review provides detailed insights into applying the "chemistry-on-the-complex" concept, which is believed to stimulate the modular preparation of unpreceded molecular assemblies as well as functional materials based on Ru-based building blocks, including combinatorial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Mede
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Yang Y, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhan H, Cheng Y. Synthesis and electroluminescent performance of thermally activated delayed fluorescence-conjugated polymers with simple formylphenyl as pendant acceptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yike Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Shumeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130022 People's Republic of China
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Nagai D, Goto H. Effective Heterogeneous Catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling in Aqueous Media: Melamine Cyanurate Complex Containing Pd Species. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nagai
- Division of Molecular Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515
| | - Hiroki Goto
- Division of Molecular Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515
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Schroot R, Schlotthauer T, Dietzek B, Jäger M, Schubert US. Extending Long-lived Charge Separation Between Donor and Acceptor Blocks in Novel Copolymer Architectures Featuring a Sensitizer Core. Chemistry 2017; 23:16484-16490. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Schroot
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Tina Schlotthauer
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Photonic Technology (IPHT); Albert-Einstein-Straße 9 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Michael Jäger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena); Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
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12
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Cox PA, Reid M, Leach AG, Campbell AD, King EJ, Lloyd-Jones GC. Base-Catalyzed Aryl-B(OH) 2 Protodeboronation Revisited: From Concerted Proton Transfer to Liberation of a Transient Aryl Anion. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:13156-13165. [PMID: 28823150 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pioneering studies by Kuivila, published more than 50 years ago, suggested ipso protonation of the boronate as the mechanism for base-catalyzed protodeboronation of arylboronic acids. However, the study was limited to UV spectrophotometric analysis under acidic conditions, and the aqueous association constants (Ka) were estimated. By means of NMR, stopped-flow IR, and quenched-flow techniques, the kinetics of base-catalyzed protodeboronation of 30 different arylboronic acids has now been determined at pH > 13 in aqueous dioxane at 70 °C. Included in the study are all 20 isomers of C6HnF(5-n)B(OH)2 with half-lives spanning 9 orders of magnitude: <3 ms to 6.5 months. In combination with pH-rate profiles, pKa and ΔS⧧ values, kinetic isotope effects (2H, 10B, 13C), linear free-energy relationships, and density functional theory calculations, we have identified a mechanistic regime involving unimolecular heterolysis of the boronate competing with concerted ipso protonation/C-B cleavage. The relative Lewis acidities of arylboronic acids do not correlate with their protodeboronation rates, especially when ortho substituents are present. Notably, 3,5-dinitrophenylboronic acid is orders of magnitude more stable than tetra- and pentafluorophenylboronic acids but has a similar pKa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Cox
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Marc Reid
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Andrew G Leach
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University , Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, U.K
| | | | - Edward J King
- TgK Scientific Limited , 7 Long's Yard, St Margaret's Street, Bradford-on-Avon BA15 1DH, U.K
| | - Guy C Lloyd-Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
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