1
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Wang M, Li C, Napolitano S, Wang D, Liu G. Quantifying and Modeling the Crystallinity of Polymers Confined in Nanopores. ACS Macro Lett 2024:908-914. [PMID: 38990566 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
We propose a methodology to characterize the crystalline content of interfacial polymer layers in systems confined at the nanoscale level in a 2D geometry. Based on the crystallinity data of a set of polymers, we introduce a simple model to describe the gradient in crystallinity introduced by confining polymer chains in nanopores. Our model underscores the pivotal role that interfaces play in crystallization and unequivocally contradicts the existence of interfacial "dead" layers where crystallization cannot take place. Further, we verified that the organization of crystals near the pore walls resembles the macromolecular architecture of adsorbed layers, hinting at a strong interplay between crystallization and adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chun Li
- Laboratory of Polymer and Soft Matter Dynamics, Experimental Soft Matter and Thermal Physics (EST), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simone Napolitano
- Laboratory of Polymer and Soft Matter Dynamics, Experimental Soft Matter and Thermal Physics (EST), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dujin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Xu J, Guo X, Guo H, Zhang Y, Wang X. Exploring the Molecular Origin for the Long-Range Propagation of the Substrate Effect in Unentangled Poly(methyl methacrylate) Films. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4655. [PMID: 38139907 PMCID: PMC10748294 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The polymer/substrate interface plays a significant role in the dynamics of nanoconfined polymers because of its suppression on polymer mobility and its long-range propagation feature, while the molecular origin of the long-range substrate effect in unentangled polymer material is still ambiguous. Herein, we investigated the propagation distances of the substrate effect (h*) by a fluorinated tracer-labeled method of two unentangled polymer films supported on silicon substrates: linear and ring poly(methyl methacrylate) films with relatively low molecular weights. The results indicate that the value of h* has a molecular weight dependence of h*∝N (N is the degree of polymerization) in the unentangled polymer films, while h*∝N1/2 was presented as previously reported in the entangled films. A theoretical model, depending on the polymer/polymer intermolecular interaction, was proposed to describe the above long-range propagation behavior of the substrate effect and agrees with our experiment results very well. From the model, it revealed that the intermolecular friction determines the long-range propagation of the substrate effect in the unentangled system, but the intermolecular entanglement is the dominant role in entangled system. These results give us a deeper understanding of the long-range substrate effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Institute for School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (X.G.); (H.G.); (Y.Z.)
| | | | | | | | - Xinping Wang
- Institute for School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (X.G.); (H.G.); (Y.Z.)
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3
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Hajduk B, Jarka P, Bednarski H, Tański T. Variable Temperature Spectroscopic Ellipsometry as a Tool for Insight into the Optical Order in the P3HT:PC70BM and PC70BM Layers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3752. [PMID: 37765605 PMCID: PMC10535426 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Two combined ellipsometric techniques-variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) and variable temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry (VTSE)-were used as tools to study the surface order and dielectric properties of thin films of a poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) mixture with a fullerene derivative (6,6-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester) (PC70BM). Under the influence of annealing, a layer of the ordered PC70BM phase was formed on the surface of the blend films. The dielectric function of the ordered PC70BM was determined for the first time and used in the ellipsometric modeling of the physical properties of the P3HT:PC70BM blend films, such as their dielectric function and thickness. The applied ellipsometric optical model of the polymer-fullerene blend treats the components of the blend as a mixture of optically ordered and disordered phases, using the effective medium approximation for this purpose. The results obtained using the constructed model showed that a layer of the ordered PC70BM phase was formed on the surface of the layer of the polymer and fullerene mixture. Namely, as a result of thermal annealing, the thickness of the layer of the ordered fullerene phase increased, while the thickness of the underlying material layer decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hajduk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Paweł Jarka
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.J.); (T.T.)
| | - Henryk Bednarski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marie Curie-Skłodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Tański
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.J.); (T.T.)
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4
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Shimokita K, Yamamoto K, Miyata N, Nakanishi Y, Shibata M, Takenaka M, Yamada NL, Seto H, Aoki H, Miyazaki T. Neutron reflectivity study on the nanostructure of PMMA chains near substrate interfaces based on contrast variation accompanied with small molecule sorption. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2082-2089. [PMID: 36808205 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01482c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the case of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin films on a Si substrate, thermal annealing induces the formation of a layer of PMMA chains tightly adsorbed near the substrate interface, and the strongly adsorbed PMMA remains on the substrate, even after washing with toluene (hereinafter called adsorbed sample). Neutron reflectometry revealed that the concerned structure consists of three layers: an inner layer (tightly bound on the substrate), a middle layer (bulk-like), and an outer layer (surface) in the adsorbed sample. When an adsorbed sample was exposed to toluene vapor, it became clear that, between the solid adsorption layer (which does not swell) and bulk-like swollen layer, there was a "buffer layer" that could sorb more toluene molecules than the bulk-like layer. This buffer layer was found not only in the adsorbed sample but also in the standard spin-cast PMMA thin films on the substrate. When the polymer chains were firmly adsorbed and immobilized on the Si substrate, the freedom of the possible structure right next to the tightly bound layer was reduced, which restricted the relaxation of the conformation of the polymer chain strongly. The "buffer layer" was manifested by the sorption of toluene with different scattering length density contrasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Shimokita
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
| | - Noboru Miyata
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan.
| | - Yohei Nakanishi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Motoki Shibata
- Office of Society-Academia Collaboration for Innovation, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mikihito Takenaka
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Norifumi L Yamada
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan
| | - Hideki Seto
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aoki
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan
- Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Miyazaki
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1106, Japan.
- Office of Society-Academia Collaboration for Innovation, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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5
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Zhou Y, Zhang J, Huang J. Dynamic Propagation Depth in Substrate-Supported Polymer Films: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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6
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Ren W, Hong Y, Wei H, Xu J, Zhang C, Zhou X, Wang X. Structure of the Poly(methyl methacrylate) Adsorbed Layer Determined by the Surface Chemistry of the Substrate. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yongming Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huidong Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Cuiyun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xianjing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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7
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Multilayered nature in crystallization of polymer droplets studied by MD simulations: Orientation and entanglement. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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8
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Xu J, Wang X, Bian Z, Wu X, You J, Wang X. Surface crystalline structure of thin poly(l-lactide) films determined by the long-range substrate effect. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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9
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Nasseri R, Moresoli C, Yu A, Yuan Z, Xu CC. Effect of Interphase Properties on Isothermal and Non-isothermal Crystallization Behavior of Poly(lactic acid)/Acetylated Starch Blends. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:27851-27863. [PMID: 35990502 PMCID: PMC9386832 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effect of interphase properties on the crystallization behavior of blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/acetylated starch (AS) with different degrees of substitution (DSs) was investigated. Under isothermal crystallization conditions, the rate of crystallization was higher for PLA/DS0.5 and lower for PLA/DS1.5 and PLA/DS2.5 when compared to PLA. In contrast, non-isothermal crystallization behavior indicated a slower rate of crystallization of PLA/DS0.5 and a faster rate of crystallization of PLA/DS1.5 and PLA/DS2.5 compared to PLA at the highest cooling rate (5 °C/min). The potential relationship between crystallization behavior and interphase properties and interphase thickness and formation of rigid amorphous fraction in the interphase, was investigated. The formation of a rigid amorphous fraction in PLA/DS1.5 and a thick interphase in PLA/DS2.5 prevented the formation of crystals on the dispersed phase and interrupted the crystallization under isothermal conditions. Hydrogen bonding in the PLA/DS1.5 blend and hydrophobic interactions in the PLA/DS2.5 blend may facilitate the crystallization at high cooling rates under non-isothermal conditions. Small-angle X-ray scattering analysis revealed the presence of a smaller lamellar structure in PLA/AS blends. The largest amorphous phase among blends was observed for the PLA/DS1.5 blend, which can be attributed to the hydrogen bonding in the interphase region of this blend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Nasseri
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Moresoli
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aiping Yu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
- Waterloo
Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Waterloo, 200 University
Avenue West, Waterloo N2L
3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhongshun Yuan
- Institute
for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources, Department of
Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London N6A 5B9, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chunbao Charles Xu
- Institute
for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources, Department of
Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London N6A 5B9, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Xu J, Wang X, Chen L, Ao W, Zuo B, Zhang C, Wang X. Spatially Heterogeneous Dynamics in Supported Ultrathin Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Films Depend on the Thicknesses of the Film and the Adsorbed Layer. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wentao Ao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Cuiyun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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11
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Ren W, Wang X, Shi J, Xu J, Taneda H, Yamada NL, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K, Wang X. The role of the molecular weight of the adsorbed layer on a substrate in the suppressed dynamics of supported thin polystyrene films. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1997-2005. [PMID: 35195149 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00067a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The adsorbed layer on a solid surface plays a crucial role in the dynamics of nanoconfinement polymer materials. However, the influence of the adsorbed layer is complex, and clarifying this influence on the dynamics of confined polymers remains a major challenge. In this paper, SiO2-Si substrates with various thicknesses and adsorbed layers of PS with various molecular weights were used to reveal the effect of the adsorbed layer on the corresponding segmental dynamics of the supported thin PS films. Strongly suppressed segmental dynamics of thin PS films were observed for the films supported on thicker adsorbed layers or prepared using higher molecular weight. Neutron reflectivity revealed that the overlap region thickness between the adsorbed layer and the top overlayer increased with increasing thickness and molecular weight of the adsorbed layer, both of which correlate well with the distance over which the polystyrene dynamics were depressed by the adsorbed layer. The results show that the influencing distance of the adsorbed layer is related to the overlap zone formed between the adsorption layer and the upper thin film. The effect of the adsorbed layer molecular weight can be ascribed to the fact that large loops and long tails in the adsorbed layer result in stronger interpenetrations and entanglements between polymer chains in the adsorbed layer and in the overlayer, causing a stronger substrate effect and suppression of the segment dynamics of the supported thin PS films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Jiahui Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Hidenobu Taneda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Norifumi L Yamada
- Neutron Science Laboratory, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China.
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12
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Abstract
The lightweight and high-strength functional nanocomposites are important in many practical applications. Natural biomaterials with excellent mechanical properties provide inspiration for improving the performance of composite materials. Previous studies have usually focused on the bionic design of the material's microstructure, sometimes overlooking the importance of the interphase in the nanocomposite system. In this Perspective, we will focus on the construction and control of the interphase in confined space and the connection between the interphase and the macroscopic properties of the materials. We shall survey the current understanding of the critical size of the interphase and discuss the general rules of interphase formation. We hope to raise awareness of the interphase concept and encourage more experimental and simulation studies on this subject, with the aim of an optimal design and controllable preparation of polymer nanocomposite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology
of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
- School
of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- South
China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School
of Molecular Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials
and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
- Email
for J.Z.:
| | - Mingjie Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology
of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
- Email for M.L.:
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13
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Hajduk B, Bednarski H, Jarka P, Janeczek H, Godzierz M, Tański T. Thermal and optical properties of PMMA films reinforced with Nb 2O 5 nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22531. [PMID: 34795332 PMCID: PMC8602437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The article presents the thermal and physical properties of PMMA composite films with the addition of Nb2O5 nanoparticles. The addition of nanoparticles to PMMA mainly influenced the optical transmission and glass transition temperature of composite films compared to pure PMMA. It is clearly visible in the results of the conducted ellipsometric and differential scanning calorimetry tests. X-ray studies showed that the heat treatment of the samples resulted in the ordering of the polymer structure (flattening of the polymer chains). Examining the surface of the samples with scanning electron microscopy, it can be seen that Nb2O5 nanoparticles formed unusual, branched formations resembling "snowflakes".
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hajduk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marie Curie-Skłodowska str., 41-819, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - H Bednarski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marie Curie-Skłodowska str., 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
| | - P Jarka
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, 18a Konarskiego str., 41-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - H Janeczek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marie Curie-Skłodowska str., 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
| | - M Godzierz
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marie Curie-Skłodowska str., 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
| | - T Tański
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, 18a Konarskiego str., 41-100, Gliwice, Poland
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14
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Zha H, Wang Q, Wang X, Cangialosi D, Zuo B. Enhanced Free Surface Mobility Facilitates the Release of Free-Volume Holes in Thin-Film Polymer Glasses. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zha
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Daniele Cangialosi
- Centro de Física de Materiales, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, San Sebastian 20018, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, San Sebastian 20018, Spain
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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15
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Wang Z, Sun D, Wang X, Yang Y, Li Y, Zuo B, Huang J, Wang X. Enhanced Dynamics of PMMA Brushes Induced by the Chain Ends of a Flexible Polymer Chain. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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16
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Wu X, Xu J, Sun W, Hong Y, Zhang C, Zhang L, Wang X. Interfacial Effect in Supported Thin PET Films Covered with a Thin PPO Layer. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Weihan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yongming Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Cuiyun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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17
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Xu J, Lv C, Du B, Wang X, Tsui OKC. Effective Viscosity of Unentangled Random Copolymer Films of Styrene and 4-Methoxystyrene with Different Copolymer Compositions. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Binyang Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ophelia K. C. Tsui
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
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18
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Jiang N, Chen J, Yu T, Chao A, Kang L, Wu Y, Niu K, Li R, Fukuto M, Zhang D. Cyclic Topology Enhancing Structural Ordering and Stability of Comb-Shaped Polypeptoid Thin Films against Melt-Induced Dewetting. Macromolecules 2020; 53:7601-7612. [PMID: 32952217 PMCID: PMC7498153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of cyclic chain topology on the molecular ordering and thermal stability of comb-shaped polypeptoid thin films on silicon (Si) substrates. Cyclic and linear poly(N-decylglycine) (PNDG) bearing long n-decyl side chains were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of N-decylglycine-derived N-carboxyanhydrides. When the spin-coated thin films were subjected to thermal annealing at temperatures above the melting temperature (T > T m), the cyclic PNDG films exhibited significantly enhanced stability against melt-induced dewetting than the linear counterparts (l-PNDG). When recrystallized at temperatures below the crystallization temperature (T < T c), the homogeneous c-PNDG films exhibit enhanced crystalline ordering relative to the macroscopically dewetted l-PNDG films. Both cyclic and linear PNDG molecules adopt cis-amide conformations in the crystalline film, which transition into trans-amide conformations upon melting. A top-down solvent leaching treatment of both l/c-PNDG films revealed the formation of an irreversibly physisorbed monolayer with similar thickness (ca. 3 nm) on the Si substrate. The physisorbed monolayers are more disordered relative to the respective thicker crystalline films for both cyclic and linear PNDGs. Upon heating above T m, the adsorbed c-PNDG chains adopt trans-amide backbone conformation identical with the free c-PNDG molecules in the molten film. By contrast, the backbone conformations of l-PNDG chains in the adsorbed layers are notably different from those of the free chains in the molten film. We postulate that the conformational disparity between the chains in the physically adsorbed layers versus the free chains in the molten film is an important factor to account for the difference in the thermal stability of PNDG thin films. These findings highlight the use of cyclic chain topology to suppress the melt-induced dewetting in polymer thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naisheng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry
and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianxia Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Department of Chemistry
and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Albert Chao
- Department of Chemistry
and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Liying Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kangmin Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Masafumi Fukuto
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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19
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Hajduk B, Bednarski H, Domański M, Jarząbek B, Trzebicka B. Thermal Transitions in P3HT:PC60BM Films Based on Electrical Resistance Measurements. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1458. [PMID: 32629756 PMCID: PMC7407113 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present research on thermal transition temperature determination in poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT), [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC60BM), and their blends, which are materials that are conventionally used in organic optoelectronics. Here, for the first time the results of electrical resistance measurements are explored to detect thermal transitions temperatures, such as glass transition Tg and cold crystallization Tcc of the film. To confirm these results, the variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry studies of the same samples were performed. The thermal transitions temperatures obtained with electrical measurements are well suited to phase diagram, constructed on the basis of ellipsometry in our previous work. The data presented here prove that electrical resistance measurements alone are sufficient for qualitative thermal analysis, which lead to the identification of characteristic temperatures in P3HT:PC60BM films. Based on the carried studies, it can be expected that the determination of thermal transition temperatures by means of electrical resistance measurements will also apply to other semi-conducting polymer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hajduk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marie Curie-Skłodowska str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (H.B.); (M.D.); (B.J.)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Marie Curie-Skłodowska str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (H.B.); (M.D.); (B.J.)
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20
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Salatto D, Koga YT, Bajaj Y, Huang Z, Yavitt BM, Meng Y, Carrillo JMY, Sumpter BG, Nykypanchuk D, Taniguchi T, Endoh MK, Koga T. Generalized Protein-Repellent Properties of Ultrathin Homopolymer Films. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Salatto
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Yuto T. Koga
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yashasvi Bajaj
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Zhixing Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Benjamin M. Yavitt
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Yizhi Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Jan-Michael Y. Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bobby G. Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Dmytro Nykypanchuk
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura-Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Maya K. Endoh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Tadanori Koga
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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21
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Sun M, Zhang J, Tang D, Pan J, Kong X. Directed self-assembly structure of a diblock copolymer with homopolymer-grafted particles. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2018.1496247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minna Sun
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjun Zhang
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, People's Republic of China
| | - Dachun Tang
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, People's Republic of China
| | - Junxing Pan
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangming Kong
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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22
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Effect of tetrahydrofuran on poly(methyl methacrylate) and silica in the interfacial regions of polymer nanocomposites. Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-0375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Hajduk B, Bednarski H, Trzebicka B. Temperature-Dependent Spectroscopic Ellipsometry of Thin Polymer Films. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:3229-3251. [PMID: 32275433 PMCID: PMC7590969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Thin polymer films have found many important applications in organic electronics, such as active layers, protective layers, or antistatic layers. Among the various experimental methods suitable for studying the thermo-optical properties of thin polymer films, temperature-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry plays a special role as a nondestructive and very sensitive optical technique. In this Review Article, issues related to the physical origin of the dependence of ellipsometric angles on temperature are surveyed. In addition, the Review Article discusses the use of temperature-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry for studying phase transitions in thin polymer films. The benefits of studying thermal transitions using different cooling/heating speeds are also discussed. Furthermore, it is shown how the analysis and modeling of raw ellipsometric data can be used to determine the thermal properties of thin polymer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hajduk
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Henryk Bednarski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
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24
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Li Y, Lin D, Xu J, Zhou X, Zuo B, Tsui OKC, Zhang W, Wang X. Glass transition temperature of single-chain polystyrene particles end-grafted to oxide-coated silicon. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:064904. [PMID: 32061204 DOI: 10.1063/1.5140627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A method based on the PeakForce QNM atomic force microscopic (AFM) adhesion measurement is employed to investigate the glassy dynamics of polystyrene (PS) single-chain particles end-grafted to SiO2-Si substrates with different diameters, D0, of 3.4 nm-8.8 nm and molar masses, Mn, of 8-123 kg/mol. As temperature was increased, the adhesion force, Fad, experienced by the AFM tip on pulling off the single chains after loading demonstrated a stepwise increase at an elevated temperature, which we identified to be Tg based on previous works. Our result shows that Tg of our grafted single chains increases with Mn in a manner consistent with the Fox-Flory equation, but the coefficient quantifying the Mn dependence of Tg is only (36 ± 6)% the value of bulk PS. In addition, the value of Tg in the Mn → ∞ limit is about 25 °C below the bulk Tg but more than 15 °C above that of (untethered) PS nanoparticles with D0 ≈ 100 nm suspended in a solution. Our findings are consistent with Tg of our single chains being dominated by simultaneous effects of the interfaces, which depress Tg, and end-grafting, which enhances Tg. The latter is believed to exert its influence on the glass transition dynamics by a mechanism reliant on chain connectivity and does not vary with chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Decai Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xianjing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ophelia K C Tsui
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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25
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Li SJ, Qian HJ, Lu ZY. A simulation study on the glass transition behavior and relevant segmental dynamics in free-standing polymer nanocomposite films. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:4476-4485. [PMID: 31111851 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00267g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In polymer/nanoparticle composite (PNC) thin films, polymer chains experience strong confinement effects not only at the free surface area but also from nanoparticles (NPs). In this work, the influence of NP-polymer interaction and NP distribution on the polymer segmental dynamics and the glass transition behavior of PNC free-standing films are investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. We demonstrate that NPs will migrate to the film surface area and form an NP-concentrated layer when NP-polymer interactions are weak, while NPs are well dispersed in the bulk region when NP-polymer interactions are strong. In both cases, we find increases in the glass transition temperature Tg compared with the pure film without NPs, although with a different degree. The weakly interacting system has the same Tg as the pure bulk system without NPs. The NP layer formed at the surface area reduces both the mobility of the surface polymer beads and the mobility gradient in the film normal direction (MGFND), therefore resulting in an increase in the Tg which highlights the vital role of the mobile surface layer. In contrast, the NPs in the bulk region enlarge the MGFND. NPs have opposite influences on the polymer bead dynamic anisotropy when they interact weakly or strongly with polymers, weakened for the former and enhanced for the latter. These findings offer a clear picture of the segmental dynamics and glass transition behavior in free-standing PNC films with different NP-polymer interaction strengths. We hope these results will be helpful for the property design of related materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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26
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Zuo B, Zhou H, Davis MJB, Wang X, Priestley RD. Effect of Local Chain Conformation in Adsorbed Nanolayers on Confined Polymer Molecular Mobility. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:217801. [PMID: 31283350 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.217801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces play an important role in modifying the dynamics of polymers confined to the nanoscale. We demonstrate that the distance over which an interface suppresses molecular mobility in poly(styrene) thin films can be systematically increased by tens of nanometers by controlling the chain of conformation, i.e., the height of the loops in irreversibly adsorbed nanolayers. These effects arise from topological interaction between adsorbed and neighboring unadsorbed chains, respectively, which increase their motional coupling to facilitate the propagation of suppressed dynamics originating at the interface, thus highlighting the ability to manipulate interfacial effects by local conformation of chains in adsorbed nanolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mary J B Davis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Rodney D Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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27
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Zuo B, Wang F, Hao Z, He H, Zhang S, Priestley RD, Wang X. Influence of the Interfacial Effect on Polymer Thin-Film Dynamics Scaled by the Distance of Chain Mobility Suppression by the Substrate. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Fengliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhiwei Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haolin He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Rodney D. Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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28
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The Glass-Transition Temperature of Supported PMMA Thin Films with Hydrogen Bond/Plasmonic Interface. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11040601. [PMID: 30960584 PMCID: PMC6523344 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The interfacial effect is one of the significant factors in the glass-transition temperature (Tg) of the polymeric thin film system, competing against the free surface effect. Herein, the Tgs of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films with different thicknesses and substrates are studied by fluorescence measurements, focusing on the influence of interfacial effects on the Tgs. The strong interaction between PMMA and quartz substrate leads to increased Tgs with the decreased thickness of the film. The plasmonic silver substrate causes enhanced fluorescence intensity near the interface, resulting in the delayed reduction of the Tgs with the increasing film thickness. Moreover, as a proof of the interface-dependent Tgs, hydrogen bonds of PMMA/quartz and molecules orientation of PMMA/silver are explored by the Raman spectroscopy, and the interfacial interaction energy is calculated by the molecular dynamics simulation. In this study, we probe the inter-relationship between the interfacial interactions arising from the different substrates and the Tg behavior of polymer thin films.
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29
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Xu J, Zhang H, Li J, Zhang L, Zuo B, Tsui OKC, Wang X. Conformation-Sensitive Surface Dynamics in Thin Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Film. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haosong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ophelia K. C. Tsui
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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30
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Davis MJB, Zuo B, Priestley RD. Competing polymer-substrate interactions mitigate random copolymer adsorption. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:7204-7213. [PMID: 30131985 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01433g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Annealing a supported polymer film in the melt state, a common practice to relieve residual stresses and erase thermal history, can result in the development of an irreversibly adsorbed nanolayer. This layer of polymer chains physically adsorbed to the substrate interface has been shown to influence thin film properties such as viscosity and glass transition temperature. Its growth is attributed to many simultaneous interactions between individual monomer units and the substrate stabilizing chains against desorption. A better understanding of how these specific polymer-substrate interactions influence the growth of the adsorbed layer is needed, particularly given how strongly the properties of geometrically-confined polymeric systems are impacted by interfaces. Here, we use homopolymers and random copolymers of styrene and methyl methacrylate to form adsorbed layers and examine the influence of chemical composition and the resulting polymer-substrate interactions on adsorbed layer growth and structure. Ellipsometric measurements reveal a non-monotonic trend between composition and thickness of the adsorbed layers that is inconsistent with the behavior normally exhibited by random copolymers, being intermediate to their respective homopolymers. We examine this trend in terms of plateau thickness and growth kinetics at two different annealing temperatures and propose a mechanism for how different polymer-substrate interactions combine to influence adsorption when copolymer films are annealed. By introducing compositional heterogeneity, this mechanism extends the study of irreversible adsorption to complex chemistries and provides for a more general understanding of how annealing should be accounted for in the proper selection and processing of polymer thin films for applications in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary J B Davis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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31
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Hong Y, Li Y, Wang F, Zuo B, Wang X, Zhang L, Kawaguchi D, Tanaka K. Enhanced Thermal Stability of Polystyrene by Interfacial Noncovalent Interactions. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Fengliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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32
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Xu J, Li Y, Wu X, Zuo B, Wang X, Zhang W, Tsui OKC. Thickness of the Surface Mobile Layer with Accelerated Crystallization Kinetics in Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Films: Direct Measurement and Analysis. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ophelia K. C. Tsui
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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33
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Ren W, Wang Y, Chen X, Zuo B, Zhou X, Wang X. Segmental Relaxation Dynamics of the Core and Corona in a Single Dry Micelle. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhao Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xianjing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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