1
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El Basset W, Cornu R, Zaiter T, Jacquin L, Pellequer Y, Moulari B, Diab-Assaf M, Brunel F, Monteil V, Béduneau A. Impact of polyethylene nanoplastics on human intestinal cells. Nanotoxicology 2024; 18:499-510. [PMID: 39207115 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2024.2393643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Polyethylene (PE) is one of the most widely used plastics in the world. Its degradation leads to the production of small particles including microplastics and nanoplastics (NPs). Plastic particles' presence poses a health risk. The aim of this work was to investigate the toxicity of two model surfactant-free PE NPs prepared by polymerization of ethylene from cationic and anionic water-soluble initiators on human cell lines Caco-2 and HT29-MTX. After physicochemical characterization, their acute and subacute toxicity profile, including cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity, was evaluated on both cell lines. Results showed a size increase of PE NPs in culture medium. Zeta potential values close to -10 mV were no longer dependent on the initiator charge after adsorption of serum components in culture medium. However, the cellular toxicity of the cationic and anionic PE NPs was very different. A time-and-concentration dependent cytotoxic, oxidative, and genotoxic effects on Caco-2 cells were only observed for PE NPs prepared with cationic initiators. No toxicity was observed on HT29-MTX, likely due to the protective mucus layer. Genotoxicity correlated with oxidative stress of some PE NPs on Caco-2 cells was observed from a concentration of 0.1 mg.mL-1 after 48-h exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim El Basset
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Raphaël Cornu
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Taghrid Zaiter
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Léa Jacquin
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, CP2M UMR 5128, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yann Pellequer
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Brice Moulari
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- EDST, Pharmacology and Cancerology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fabrice Brunel
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, CP2M UMR 5128, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, CP2M UMR 5128, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Béduneau
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT, Besançon, France
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2
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Baffie F, Patias G, Shegiwal A, Brunel F, Monteil V, Verrieux L, Perrin L, Haddleton DM, D'Agosto F. Block Copolymers Based on Ethylene and Methacrylates Using a Combination of Catalytic Chain Transfer Polymerisation (CCTP) and Radical Polymerisation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25356-25364. [PMID: 34546635 PMCID: PMC9298203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two scalable polymerisation methods are used in combination for the synthesis of ethylene and methacrylate block copolymers. ω-Unsaturated methacrylic oligomers (MMAn ) produced by catalytic chain transfer (co)polymerisation (CCTP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) are used as reagents in the radical polymerisation of ethylene (E) in dimethyl carbonate solvent under relatively mild conditions (80 bar, 70 °C). Kinetic measurements and analyses of the produced copolymers by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques indicate that MMAn is involved in a degradative chain transfer process resulting in the formation of (MMA)n -b-PE block copolymers. Molecular modelling performed by DFT supports the overall reactivity scheme and observed selectivities. The effect of MMAn molar mass and composition is also studied. The block copolymers were characterised by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and their bulk behaviour studied by SAXS/WAXS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Baffie
- Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CPE LyonCNRS UMR 5128Laboratoire CP2MÉquipe PCM69616Villeurbanne, CEDEXFrance
| | - Georgios Patias
- University of WarwickDepartment of ChemistryGibbet HillCV4 7ALCoventryUK
| | - Ataulla Shegiwal
- University of WarwickDepartment of ChemistryGibbet HillCV4 7ALCoventryUK
| | - Fabrice Brunel
- Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CPE LyonCNRS UMR 5128Laboratoire CP2MÉquipe PCM69616Villeurbanne, CEDEXFrance
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CPE LyonCNRS UMR 5128Laboratoire CP2MÉquipe PCM69616Villeurbanne, CEDEXFrance
| | - Ludmilla Verrieux
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CPE LyonINSA-LyonCNRSUMR 5246ICBMS43 Bd du 11 Novembre 191869616VilleurbanneFrance
| | - Lionel Perrin
- Université de LyonUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1CPE LyonINSA-LyonCNRSUMR 5246ICBMS43 Bd du 11 Novembre 191869616VilleurbanneFrance
| | - David M. Haddleton
- University of WarwickDepartment of ChemistryGibbet HillCV4 7ALCoventryUK
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Université de LyonUniversité Lyon 1CPE LyonCNRS UMR 5128Laboratoire CP2MÉquipe PCM69616Villeurbanne, CEDEXFrance
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3
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Baffie F, Patias G, Shegiwal A, Brunel F, Monteil V, Verrieux L, Perrin L, Haddleton DM, D'Agosto F. Block Copolymers Based on Ethylene and Methacrylates Using a Combination of Catalytic Chain Transfer Polymerisation (CCTP) and Radical Polymerisation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Baffie
- Université de Lyon Université Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5128 Laboratoire CP2M Équipe PCM 69616 Villeurbanne, CEDEX France
| | - Georgios Patias
- University of Warwick Department of Chemistry Gibbet Hill CV4 7AL Coventry UK
| | - Ataulla Shegiwal
- University of Warwick Department of Chemistry Gibbet Hill CV4 7AL Coventry UK
| | - Fabrice Brunel
- Université de Lyon Université Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5128 Laboratoire CP2M Équipe PCM 69616 Villeurbanne, CEDEX France
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Université de Lyon Université Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5128 Laboratoire CP2M Équipe PCM 69616 Villeurbanne, CEDEX France
| | - Ludmilla Verrieux
- Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon INSA-Lyon CNRS UMR 5246 ICBMS 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Lionel Perrin
- Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CPE Lyon INSA-Lyon CNRS UMR 5246 ICBMS 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - David M. Haddleton
- University of Warwick Department of Chemistry Gibbet Hill CV4 7AL Coventry UK
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Université de Lyon Université Lyon 1 CPE Lyon CNRS UMR 5128 Laboratoire CP2M Équipe PCM 69616 Villeurbanne, CEDEX France
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4
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Bergerbit C, Baffie F, Wolpers A, Dugas P, Boyron O, Taam M, Lansalot M, Monteil V, D'Agosto F. Ethylene Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly (PISA) of Poly(ethylene oxide)‐
block
‐polyethylene Copolymers via RAFT. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Bergerbit
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Florian Baffie
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Arne Wolpers
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Pierre‐Yves Dugas
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Olivier Boyron
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Manel Taam
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon CNRS, UMR 5265 Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2) 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69616 Villeurbanne France
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5
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New, Aqueous Radical (Co)Polymerization of Olefins at Low Temperature and Pressure. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8060688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this communication, we describe our preliminary results for the development of a new method of ethylene and propene (co)polymerization at low pressure at room temperature, using cyclodextrin-assisted aqueous radical polymerization for the first time. For polypropylene homopolymerization, the cyclodextrin was entirely removed, and the partially soluble polymer was characterized. The purification of polyethylene was not complete, since the threaded cyclodextrins remained on the polymer chain, enhancing its solubility and enable to analyze the sample. With this environmentally benign method, polyolefines could be produced, for the first time. The estimated yield was low, and therefore the conditions should be further tuned for industrial application. This straightforward approach could also be applied to synthesize poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) copolymer with an ethylene content of 20 mol% and enhanced yield. Although the procedure in this stage of research has some limitations, the theory behind can later be applied to develop new, energy-efficient, and versatile industrial processes for olefin copolymerizations for a wide range of comonomers.
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6
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Bergerbit C, Baffie F, Wolpers A, Dugas PY, Boyron O, Taam M, Lansalot M, Monteil V, D'Agosto F. Ethylene Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA) of Poly(ethylene oxide)-block-polyethylene Copolymers via RAFT. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10385-10390. [PMID: 32196910 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with dithiocarbamate chain ends (PEO-SC(=S)-N(CH3 )Ph and PEO-SC(=S)-NPh2 , named PEO-1 and PEO-2, respectively) were used as macromolecular chain-transfer agents (macro-CTAs) to mediate the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of ethylene in dimethyl carbonate (DMC) under relatively mild conditions (80 °C, 80 bar). While only a slow consumption of PEO-1 was observed, the rapid consumption of PEO-2 led to a clean chain extension and the formation of a polyethylene (PE) segment. Upon polymerization, the resulting block copolymers PEO-b-PE self-assembled into nanometric objects according to a polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Bergerbit
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Florian Baffie
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arne Wolpers
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Dugas
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Boyron
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Manel Taam
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5265, Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes (C2P2), 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69616, Villeurbanne, France
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7
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Delorme J, Boyron O, Dugas PY, Dufils PE, Wilson DJ, Monteil V, D'Agosto F, Lansalot M. Poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene) particles prepared by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization in the presence of a hydrophilic RAFT/MADIX macromolecular chain transfer agent. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Poly(vinyl acetate-co-ethylene) latexes are prepared under a broad range of conditions by emulsion polymerization in the presence of a hydrophilic RAFT/MADIX macromolecular chain transfer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Delorme
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
| | - Olivier Boyron
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
| | | | | | - D. James Wilson
- Solvay Novecare
- Research and Innovation Centre – Paris
- 93306 Aubervilliers
- France
| | - Vincent Monteil
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
| | - Franck D'Agosto
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CPE Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5265
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8
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Siljanovska Petreska G, Auschra C, Paulis M. Confinement driven crystallization of ABA crystalline-soft-crystalline block copolymers synthesized via RAFT mediated miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Morgen TO, Krumova M, Luttikhedde H, Mecking S. Free-Radical Dispersion Polymerization of Ethylene with Laponite to Polyethylene–Clay Nanocomposite Particles. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias O. Morgen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marina Krumova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Mecking
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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