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Li T, Zhang M, He J, Ni P. Synthesis and Characterization of Graft Copolymers with Poly(ε-caprolactone) Side Chain Using Hydroxylated Poly(β-myrcene- co-α-methyl styrene). Molecules 2024; 29:2363. [PMID: 38792224 PMCID: PMC11124195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Graft copolymers have unique application scenarios in the field of high-performance thermoplastic elastomers, resins and rubbers. β-myrcene (My) is a biomass monomer derived from renewable plant resources, and its homopolymer has a low glass transition temperature and high elasticity. In this work, a series of tapered copolymers P(My-co-AMS)k (k = 1, 2, 3) were first synthesized in cyclohexane by one-pot anionic polymerization of My and α-methyl styrene (AMS) using sec-BuLi as the initiator. PAMS chain would fracture when heated at high temperature and could endow the copolymer with thermal degradation property. The effect of the incorporation of AMS unit on the thermal stability and glass transition temperature of polymyrcene main chain was studied. Subsequently, the double bonds in the linear copolymers were partially epoxidized and hydroxylated into hydroxyl groups to obtain hydroxylated copolymer, which was finally used to initiate the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) to synthesize the graft copolymer with PCL as the side chain. All these copolymers before and after modifications were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jinlin He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (T.L.); (M.Z.); (P.N.)
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2
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Shi Q, Zou J, Pan C, Fu Y, Supty MN, Sun J, Yi C, Hu J, Tan H. Study of the phase-transition behavior of (AB) 3 type star polystyrene- block-poly( n-butylacrylate) copolymers by the combination of rheology and SAXS. E-POLYMERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2022-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A series of three-armed star polystyrene-block-poly(n-butylacrylate) copolymers (PS-b-PBA)3 were synthesized to study the phase-transition behavior of the copolymers. The order-to-disorder transition temperature has been determined by oscillatory at different temperatures and dynamic temperature sweep at a fixed frequency. Moreover, the micro-phase separation in the block copolymers has been evaluated by time–temperature superposition, while the free volume and the active energy of the copolymers have been calculated. Interestingly, active energy decreased with the increase in the molecular weight of the PBA components. To further determine the order-to-disorder transition temperature precisely, small angle X-ray scattering was performed at different temperatures. These results confirm that the chain mobility of the star-shaped copolymers is strongly dependent on the arm molecular weight of the star polymers, which will be beneficial for the processing and material preparation of the block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, and Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan , 430200 , China
| | - Jiaqi Zou
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, and Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan , 430200 , China
| | - Chen Pan
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, and Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan , 430200 , China
| | - Yin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, and Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan , 430200 , China
| | - Mahfzun Nahar Supty
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, and Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan , 430200 , China
| | - Jiuxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, and Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan , 430200 , China
| | - Chunlong Yi
- China CAMA Engineering Wuhan University Design & Research Company Limited (Camce Whu Design & Research Co., Ltd) , Wuhan , 430000 , China
| | - Jingchuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, and Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan , 430200 , China
| | - Haiying Tan
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, and Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan , 430200 , China
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3
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Haque FM, Ishibashi JSA, Lidston CAL, Shao H, Bates FS, Chang AB, Coates GW, Cramer CJ, Dauenhauer PJ, Dichtel WR, Ellison CJ, Gormong EA, Hamachi LS, Hoye TR, Jin M, Kalow JA, Kim HJ, Kumar G, LaSalle CJ, Liffland S, Lipinski BM, Pang Y, Parveen R, Peng X, Popowski Y, Prebihalo EA, Reddi Y, Reineke TM, Sheppard DT, Swartz JL, Tolman WB, Vlaisavljevich B, Wissinger J, Xu S, Hillmyer MA. Defining the Macromolecules of Tomorrow through Synergistic Sustainable Polymer Research. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6322-6373. [PMID: 35133803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transforming how plastics are made, unmade, and remade through innovative research and diverse partnerships that together foster environmental stewardship is critically important to a sustainable future. Designing, preparing, and implementing polymers derived from renewable resources for a wide range of advanced applications that promote future economic development, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability are all central to these efforts. In this Chemical Reviews contribution, we take a comprehensive, integrated approach to summarize important and impactful contributions to this broad research arena. The Review highlights signature accomplishments across a broad research portfolio and is organized into four wide-ranging research themes that address the topic in a comprehensive manner: Feedstocks, Polymerization Processes and Techniques, Intended Use, and End of Use. We emphasize those successes that benefitted from collaborative engagements across disciplinary lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farihah M Haque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jacob S A Ishibashi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Claire A L Lidston
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1801, United States
| | - Huiling Shao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Frank S Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Alice B Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Geoffrey W Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1801, United States
| | - Christopher J Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Paul J Dauenhauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher J Ellison
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ethan A Gormong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Leslie S Hamachi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mengyuan Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hee Joong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christopher J LaSalle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Stephanie Liffland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Bryce M Lipinski
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1801, United States
| | - Yutong Pang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Riffat Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Xiayu Peng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yanay Popowski
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Emily A Prebihalo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yernaidu Reddi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Daylan T Sheppard
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jeremy L Swartz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William B Tolman
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Jane Wissinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Marc A Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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4
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Zografos A, Lynd NA, Bates FS, Hillmyer MA. Impact of Macromonomer Molar Mass and Feed Composition on Branch Distributions in Model Graft Copolymerizations. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1622-1628. [PMID: 35549140 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Graft polymers are useful in a versatile range of material applications. Understanding how changes to the grafted architecture, such as the grafting density (z), the side-chain degree of polymerization (Nsc), and the backbone degree of polymerization (Nbb), affect polymer properties is critical for accurately tuning material performance. For graft-through copolymerizations, changes to Nsc and z are controlled by the macromonomer degree of polymerization (NMM) and the initial fraction of the macromonomer in the feed (fMM0), respectively. We show that changes to these parameters can influence the copolymerization reactivity ratios and, in turn, impact the side-chain distribution along a graft polymer backbone. Poly((±)-lactide) macromonomers with NMM values as low as ca. 1 and as high as 72 were copolymerized with a small-molecule dimethyl ester norbornene comonomer over a range of fMM0 values (0.1 ≤ fMM0 ≤ 0.8) using ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Monomer conversion was determined using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the data were fit with terminal and nonterminal copolymerization models. The results from this work provide essential information for manipulating Nsc and z while maintaining synthetic control over the side-chain distribution for graft-through copolymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristotelis Zografos
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0132, United States
| | - Nathaniel A. Lynd
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1589, United States
| | - Frank S. Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0132, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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5
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Research on the viscous flow transition of styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer by Rheology. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Aoki D, Ajiro H. Clarification of the effects of topological isomers on the mechanical strength of comb polyurethane. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated the mechanical enhancement behavior of the comb polyurethanes by the topological isomer system between the linear and comb polyurethane. Also, we assumed the mechanical enhancement mechanism by the rheological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Aoki
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology
- Nara 630-0192
- Japan
| | - Hiroharu Ajiro
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology
- Nara 630-0192
- Japan
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7
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Sarkar R, Gowd EB, Ramakrishnan S. Precise control of grafting density in periodically grafted amphiphilic copolymers: an alternate strategy to fine-tune the lamellar spacing in the sub-10 nm regime. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00616e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By exactly locating pendant PEG550 segments at varying intervals along a hydrocarbon-rich polyester backbone, the lamellar dimension has been precisely tuned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Sarkar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
| | - E. Bhoje Gowd
- Material Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST)
- Thiruvananthapuram 695019
- India
| | - S. Ramakrishnan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560012
- India
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8
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Karavolias MG, Elder JB, Ness EM, Mahanthappa MK. Order-to-Disorder Transitions in Lamellar Melt Self-Assembled Core-Shell Bottlebrush Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1617-1622. [PMID: 35619390 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and melt self-assembly behaviors of densely grafted, core-shell bottlebrush (csBB) polymers derived from covalently linking narrow dispersity, symmetric composition ABA-type triblock polymers through their chain midpoints. Derived from sequential ring-opening polymerizations of ε-decalactone and rac-lactide initiated from 5-norbornene-2-exo,3-exo-dimethanol, poly(lactide-block-ε-decalactone-block-lactide) macromonomers (Mn = 9.2-17.8 kg/mol; Đ = 1.19-1.25) were enchained by living ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) into csBBs with backbone degrees of polymerization Nbb = 8-43. Temperature-dependent small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies indicate that the critical triblock arm degree of polymerization (Narm) required for melt segregation decreases with increasing Nbb, leading to reductions in the accessible ordered lamellar microdomain (d) spacings. We derive a phenomenological relationship between the critical triblock arm segregation strength at the order-disorder transition (χNarm)ODT and Nbb to enable the future design of microphase separated core-shell bottlebrushes, which self-assemble at sub-10 nm length scales for nanolithography and nanotemplating applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Karavolias
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jack B. Elder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Emily M. Ness
- Department of Chemistry, Pacific Lutheran University, Rieke Science
Center, 12180 Park Avenue S, Tacoma, Washington 98447, United States
| | - Mahesh K. Mahanthappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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9
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Haugan IN, Lee B, Maher MJ, Zografos A, Schibur HJ, Jones SD, Hillmyer MA, Bates FS. Physical Aging of Polylactide-Based Graft Block Polymers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Seamus D. Jones
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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10
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Li C, Zhang T, Yang Y, Tang P, Qiu F. Polymer Brushes Immersed in Two-Component Solvents with Pure Volume Exclusion: Effect of Solvent Molecular Shape. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:12927-12937. [PMID: 31460419 PMCID: PMC6682017 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymer brushes have wide application in surface modification. We study dense, short polymer brushes immersed in a mixing solvent under athermal conditions using the classical density functional theory. The brush polymer is short so that the equilibrium behavior of the brush deviates far from the scaling laws for infinite brush chains. The excluded volume interaction is the only interaction in the system. We compare the excluded volume effect of solvent molecules of different shapes. Two types of mixing solvents are considered: solvent composed of linear oligomers and monomers, or that of spherical particles and monomers. The effects of grafting density, solvent molecular size, and solvent number density on the brush height, the density profiles, the relative excess adsorption, and the brush-solvent interface width are systematically analyzed. In the adsorption aspect, the spherical particles have stronger ability than the linear oligomers do to penetrate through the brush layer and gather at the substrate. In the screening aspect, the oligomers are more capable of screening the excluded volume interaction between the brush chains than the spherical particles. The brush-solvent interface width decreases monotonically with increasing oligomer length, but it has a minimum with the increasing spherical particle size. Our research differentiates the attractive-interaction-induced phenomenon and the volume-exclusion-induced phenomenon in dense brush systems and exhibits the difference in the antifouling properties of the brushes contacting solvent molecules of different shapes.
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11
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Wang Q, Xiao A, Shen Z, Fan XH. Janus particles with tunable shapes prepared by asymmetric bottlebrush block copolymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01467a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Janus particles were prepared resulting from microphase separation between brush blocks with PS and PDMS side chains using asymmetric BBCPs. Through tuning the volume fraction of PS and the MW of the BBCP, the morphologies of Janus particles can be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Anqi Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Xing-He Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
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12
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Spencer RKW, Matsen MW. Field-theoretic simulations of bottlebrush copolymers. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:184901. [PMID: 30441915 DOI: 10.1063/1.5051744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional particle-based simulations struggle with large bottlebrush copolymers, consisting of many side chains grafted to a backbone. Field-theoretical simulations (FTS) allow us to overcome the computational demands in order to calculate their equilibrium behavior. We consider bottlebrushes where all grafts are symmetric diblock copolymers, focusing on the order-disorder transition (ODT) and the size of ordered domains. Increasing the number of grafts and decreasing the spacing between them both raise the transition temperature. The ODT and lamellar period asymptotically approach constants as the number of grafts increases. As the spacing between grafts becomes large, the bottlebrushes behave like diblock copolymers, and as it becomes small, they behave like starblock copolymers. In between, the period increases, reaching a maximum when the spacing is approximately 0.35 times the length of the grafts. A comparison of FTS with mean-field calculations allows us to assess the effect of compositional fluctuations. Fluctuations suppress ordering, while having little effect on the period, as is the case for diblock copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell K W Spencer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mark W Matsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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13
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Xie G, Martinez MR, Olszewski M, Sheiko SS, Matyjaszewski K. Molecular Bottlebrushes as Novel Materials. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:27-54. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael R. Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mateusz Olszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Sergei S. Sheiko
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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