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Zhu M, Zhu L. Rational Design of Diphenyldiacetylene-Based Fluorescent Materials Enabling a 365-nm Light-Initiated Topochemical Polymerization. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2048-2054. [PMID: 34075705 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Photopolymerization of diacetylenes usually requires stringent reaction conditions like high energy irradiation of 254-nm light or even γ-rays, which are generally harmful to the human body and thus mild conditions with lower energy irradiation are required. In this study, different diphenyldiacetylene (DPDA) derivatives were rationally designed followed by the investigation of their photopolymerization behavior. It was found that the para-substituted amino groups could render the absorption band of DPDA bathochromically shifted, ensuring a 365-nm light wavelength coverage. On this basis, an organogel system was constructed by chemically modifying cholesteryl and lipoic acid onto the DPDA moiety in aromatic solvents. Such uniform self-assemblies further facilitated to a rather high degree of polymerization by 365-nm irradiation. As a kind of fluorescent materials, the whole polymerization process of this system can be visualized by a photoluminescent signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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Hema K, Ravi A, Raju C, Sureshan KM. Polymers with advanced structural and supramolecular features synthesized through topochemical polymerization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5361-5380. [PMID: 34168781 PMCID: PMC8179609 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc07066a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers are an integral part of our daily life. Hence, there are constant efforts towards synthesizing novel polymers with unique properties. As the composition and packing of polymer chains influence polymer's properties, sophisticated control over the molecular and supramolecular structure of the polymer helps tailor its properties as desired. However, such precise control via conventional solution-state synthesis is challenging. Topochemical polymerization (TP), a solvent- and catalyst-free reaction that occurs under the confinement of a crystal lattice, offers profound control over the molecular structure and supramolecular architecture of a polymer and usually results in ordered polymers. In particular, single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) TP is advantageous as we can correlate the structure and packing of polymer chains with their properties. By designing molecules appended with suitable reactive moieties and utilizing the principles of supramolecular chemistry to align them in a reactive orientation, the synthesis of higher-dimensional polymers and divergent topologies has been achieved via TP. Though there are a few reviews on TP in the literature, an exclusive review showcasing the topochemical synthesis of polymers with advanced structural features is not available. In this perspective, we present selected examples of the topochemical synthesis of organic polymers with sophisticated structures like ladders, tubular polymers, alternating copolymers, polymer blends, and other interesting topologies. We also detail some strategies adopted for obtaining distinct polymers from the same monomer. Finally, we highlight the main challenges and prospects for developing advanced polymers via TP and inspire future directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntrapakam Hema
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram-695551 India
| | - Arthi Ravi
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram-695551 India
| | - Cijil Raju
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram-695551 India
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram-695551 India
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Khazi MI, Balachandra C, Shin G, Jang GH, Govindaraju T, Kim JM. Co-solvent polarity tuned thermochromic nanotubes of cyclic dipeptide-polydiacetylene supramolecular system. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35389-35396. [PMID: 35515666 PMCID: PMC9056892 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05656a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cooperative non-covalent interactions arising from structurally integrated multiple molecules have emerged as a powerful tool for the creation of functional supramolecular structures. Herein, we constructed cyclic dipeptide (CDP)–polydiacetylene (PDA) conjugate (CDP–DA) by introducing cyclo(l-Phe-l-Lys) to the linear 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid. Owing to extensive hydrogen bonding characteristics, together with structural chirality of cyclo(l-Phe-l-Lys) and strong π–π stacking diacetylenic template, CDP–DA generated supramolecular nanotubes. The structural visualization using scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed chloroform/methanol co-solvent polarity tuned morphological transformation of intrinsic lamellar assemblies into nanotubes comprising single-wall and multi-wall structure. The mechanistic understanding by X-ray diffraction patterns confirms bilayer organization in lamellar structure, which forms nanotubes via a gradual lamellar curling-to-scrolling process. The supramolecular CDP–DA nanotubes are transformed into the rigid covalently cross-linked blue-phase polydiacetylene (CDP–PDA) by UV irradiation. Very interestingly, the blue-phase nanotubes display reversible thermochromic changing temperature up to 150 °C with excellent repeatability over a dozen thermal cycles. This work provides an efficient strategy for precise morphological control and aiding the perspective for development in nanostructures for functional devices. Co-solvent controlled fabrication of thermo-responsive chromogenic nanotubes of a cyclic dipeptide–polydiacetylene supramolecular system.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chenikkayala Balachandra
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur P.O. Bengaluru Karnataka 560064 India
| | - Geon Shin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Gang-Hee Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur P.O. Bengaluru Karnataka 560064 India
| | - Jong-Man Kim
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea
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Lu Y, Zhu L. Topochemical polymerization of diphenyldiacetylene-based materials and the relevant application in photocatalysis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Jia X, Zhu M, Bian Q, Yue B, Zhuang Y, Wu B, Yu L, Ding J, Zhang J, Zhu L. Precisely Controlling Dimerization and Trimerization in Topochemical Reaction Templated by Biomacromolecules. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yaping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Junji Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
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Qian Z, Yuan T, Wang Q. Supramolecular hexagonal network based on a tritopic amine hydrochloride and a cucurbit[5]uril analogue. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Servalli M, Trapp N, Schlüter AD. Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal (SCSC) Linear Polymerization of a Desymmetrized Anthraphane. Chemistry 2018; 24:15003-15012. [PMID: 29984526 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this work we present one of the rare cases of single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) linear polymerizations, resulting in a novel ladder-type polymer. The polymerization is based on the photoinduced [4+4]-cycloaddition reactions between trifunctional anthracene-based monomers. The careful design of the monomer anthraphane-tri(OMe), results in perfectly stacked anthracene pairs in the crystal structure, with Schmidt's distances d=3.505-3.666 Å and shift s=1.109 Å, allowing a selective linear polymerization in quantitative yields and in a matter of minutes, without compromising the integrity of the single crystals. The obtained polyanthraphane-tri(OMe), reveals moreover a very interesting and unprecedented case of stereoisomerism, which is characteristic for polyanthraphanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Servalli
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Small Molecule Crystallography Center (SMoCC), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Dieter Schlüter
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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Lin Y, Ying YL, Gao R, Long YT. Single-Molecule Sensing with Nanopore Confinement: From Chemical Reactions to Biological Interactions. Chemistry 2018; 24:13064-13071. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of, Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of, Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of, Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & School of, Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
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