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Young HL, Gomez ED, Schaak RE. Thermally Induced Domain Migration and Interfacial Restructuring in Cation Exchanged ZnS-Cu 1.8S Heterostructured Nanorods. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23321-23333. [PMID: 37818621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Partial cation exchange reactions can be used to rationally design and synthesize heterostructured nanoparticles that are useful targets for applications in photocatalysis, nanophotonics, thermoelectrics, and medicine. Such reactions introduce intraparticle frameworks that define the spatial arrangements of different materials within a heterostructured nanoparticle, as well as the orientations and locations of their interfaces. Here, we show that upon heating to temperatures relevant to their synthesis and applications, the ZnS regions and Cu1.8S/ZnS interfaces of heterostructured ZnS-Cu1.8S nanorods migrate and restructure. We first use partial cation exchange reactions to synthesize a library of seven distinct samples containing various patches, bands, and tips of ZnS embedded within Cu1.8S nanorods. Upon annealing in solution or in air, ex situ TEM analysis shows evidence that the ZnS domains migrate in different ways, depending upon their sizes and locations. Using differential scanning calorimetry, we correlate the threshold temperature for ZnS migration to the superionic transition temperature of Cu1.8S, which facilitates rapid diffusion throughout the nanorods. We then use in situ thermal TEM to study the evolution of individual ZnS-Cu1.8S nanorods upon heating. We find that ZnS domain migration occurs through a ripening process that minimizes small patches with higher-energy interfaces in favor of larger bands and tips having lower-energy interfaces, as well as through restructuring of higher-energy Cu1.8S/ZnS interfaces. Notably, Cu1.8S nanorods containing multiple patches of ZnS thermally transform into ZnS-Cu1.8S heterostructured nanorods having ZnS tips and/or central bands, which provides mechanistic insights into how these commonly observed products form during synthesis.
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Lee CU, Chin KCH, Boydston AJ. Additive Manufacturing by Heating at a Patterned Photothermal Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16072-16078. [PMID: 36939689 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Direct additive manufacturing (AM) of commercial silicones is an unmet need with high demand. We report a new technology, heating at a patterned photothermal interface (HAPPI), which achieves AM of commercial thermoset resins without any chemical modifications. HAPPI integrates desirable aspects of stereolithography with the thermally driven chemical modalities of commercial silicone formulations. In this way, HAPPI combines the geometric advantages of vat photopolymerization with the materials properties of, for example, injection molded silicones. We describe the realization of the new technology, HAPPI printing using a commercial Sylgard 184 polydimethylsiloxane resin, comparative analyses of material properties, and demonstration of HAPPI in targeted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Uk Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kyle C H Chin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Andrew J Boydston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Phillips SJ, Ginder NC, Lear BJ. Rapid Photothermal Synthesis of Polyurethane from Blocked Isocyanates. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Nathaniel C. Ginder
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Lear
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Reyes-Mateo K, Marquet J, Hernando J, Sebastián RM. Photothermal polymerization of benzoxazines. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00635a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Visible irradiation of mixtures of benzoxazine monomers and metal salt catalysts leads to extensive photothermal polymerization, which allows the preparation of complex polybenzoxazine features via photolithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Reyes-Mateo
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Marquet
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Hernando
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Sebastián
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Cruz SS, Tanygin V, Lear BJ. Asymmetries in the Electronic Properties of Spheroidal Metallic Nanoparticles, Revealed by Conduction Electron Spin Resonance and Surface Plasmon Resonance. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4490-4503. [PMID: 33646754 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using electron spin resonance spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the morphological asymmetries present in small spheroidal metallic nanoparticles give rise to asymmetries in the behavior of electrons held in states near the metal's Fermi energy. We find that the effects of morphological asymmetries for these spheroidal systems are more important than the effects of size distributions when explaining the asymmetry in electronic behavior. This is found to be true for all the particles examined, which were made from Cu, Ag, Pd, Ir, Pt, and Au, bearing dodecanethiolate ligands. In the case of the Ag particles, we also demonstrate that the same model used to account for morphological effects in the electron spin resonance spectra can be used to account for small asymmetries present in the plasmon spectrum. This result demonstrates that the electronic properties of even small particles are tunable via morphological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santina S Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Vadim Tanygin
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Benjamin J Lear
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Zhang H, Yang S, Yang Z, Wang D, Han J, Li C, Zhu C, Xu J, Zhao N. An Extremely Stretchable and Self-Healable Supramolecular Polymer Network. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:4499-4507. [PMID: 33433191 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The construction of a single polymer network with extreme stretchability, relatively high mechanical strength, and fast and facile autonomous room-temperature self-healing capability still remains a challenge. Herein, supramolecular polymer networks are fabricated by synergistically incorporating metal-ligand and hydrogen bonds in poly(propylene glycol) (PPG). The representative specimen, PPG-Im-MDA-1.5-0.25-Cu, shows a combination of notable mechanical properties involving an extreme stretching ratio of 346 ± 14× and a Young's modulus of 2.10 ± 0.14 MPa, which are superior to the previously reported extremely stretchable polymeric materials. Notably, the destroyed specimen can fully recover mechanical performances within 1 h. The tunability of mechanical properties and self-healing capability has been actualized by merely tailoring the content of a chain extender. The application of the as-prepared supramolecular PPG network in constructing a flexible and self-healable conductor has been demonstrated. This strategy provides some insights for preparing extremely stretchable and self-healable polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shijia Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhusheng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Juanjuan Han
- Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Cuihua Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Caizhen Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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