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Li PX, Zhang ZY, Cui JY, Wu SH, Liu Y, Ren HT, Han X. Satisfactory Tensile Strength and Strain of Recyclable Polyurethane with a Trimaleimide Structure for Thermal Self-Healing and Anticorrosive Coatings. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:12250-12263. [PMID: 38818891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Bismaleimide (BMI) is often used as the cross-linking reagent in Diels-Alder (D-A)-type intrinsic self-healing materials (DISMs) to promote the connectivity of damaged surfaces based on reversible D-A bond formation on the molecular scale. Until now, although DISMs have exhibited great potential in the applications of various sensors, electronic skin, and artificial muscles, it is still difficult to prepare DISMs with satisfactory self-healing abilities and high tensile strengths and strains at the same time, thus largely limiting their applications in self-healing anticorrosive coatings. Herein, symmetrical trimaleimide (TMI) was successfully synthesized, and trimaleimide-structured D-A self-healing polyurethane (TMI-DA-PU) was prepared via the reversible D-A reaction (cycloaddition of furan and maleimide). As a DISM, TMI-DA-PU exhibits apparently higher self-healing efficiency (98.7%), tensile strength (25.4 MPa), and strain (1378%) compared to bismaleimide-structured D-A self-healing polyurethane (BMI-DA-PU) (self-healing efficiency, 90.2%; tensile strength, 19.3 MPa; strain, 1174%). In addition, TMI-DA-PU shows a high recycling efficiency (>95%) after 4 cycles of recycling. A series of characterizations indicate that TMI provides more monoene rings as the self-healing sites, forms denser cross-linked structures compared to BMI, and is, thus, more appropriate to be used for DISM applications. Moreover, the barrier abilities of coatings can be semi-quantitatively expressed by the impedance value at 0.01 Hz (|Z|0.01 Hz). The |Z|0.01 Hz value of the TMI-DA-PU coating is 3.93 × 109 Ω cm2 on day 0, which is significantly higher than that of the BMI-DA-PU coating (6.76 × 108 Ω cm2 on day 0), indicating that the denser rigid cross-linked structure of TMI results in the small porosity in the TMI-DA-PU coating, thus effectively improving the anticorrosion performance. The construction of DISMs with the structure of TMI demonstrates immense potential in self-healing anticorrosive coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Xiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yang Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ying Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Song-Hai Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Tao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
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Liu G, Larson RG, Li L, Luo H, He X, Niu Y, Li G. Influence of Chain Entanglement on Rheological and Mechanical Behaviors of Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Current Self-Healing Binders for Energetic Composite Material Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010428. [PMID: 36615616 PMCID: PMC9823830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Energetic composite materials (ECMs) are the basic materials of polymer binder explosives and composite solid propellants, which are mainly composed of explosive crystals and binders. During the manufacturing, storage and use of ECMs, the bonding surface is prone to micro/fine cracks or defects caused by external stimuli such as temperature, humidity and impact, affecting the safety and service of ECMs. Therefore, substantial efforts have been devoted to designing suitable self-healing binders aimed at repairing cracks/defects. This review describes the research progress on self-healing binders for ECMs. The structural designs of these strategies to manipulate macro-molecular and/or supramolecular polymers are discussed in detail, and then the implementation of these strategies on ECMs is discussed. However, the reasonable configuration of robust microstructures and effective dynamic exchange are still challenges. Therefore, the prospects for the development of self-healing binders for ECMs are proposed. These critical insights are emphasized to guide the research on developing novel self-healing binders for ECMs in the future.
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Cao D, Nie F, Liu M, Sun X, Wang B, Wang F, Li N, Wang B, Ma Z, Pan L, Li Y. Crosslinked anion exchange membranes prepared from highly reactive polyethylene and polypropylene intermediates. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hou Y, Liu H, Peng Y, Zhang J, Huang G, Wu Q, Wu J. A fast self-healing and mechanical-enhanced polyurethane via Cu-pyridine coordination. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Zhang X, Lu X, Huang D, Ding Y, Li J, Dai Z, Sun L, Li J, Wei X, Wei J, Li Y, Zhang K. Ultra-Tough Polylactide/Bromobutyl Rubber-Based Ionomer Blends via Reactive Blending Strategy. Front Chem 2022; 10:923174. [PMID: 35783218 PMCID: PMC9244537 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.923174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of ultra-toughened sustainable blends were prepared from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and bromobutyl rubber-based ionomers (i-BIIRs) via reactive blending, in which dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and Joncryl®ADR-4440 (ADR) were used as reactive blending additives. The miscibility, phase morphology and mechanical property of the PLA/i-BIIRs blends were thoroughly investigated through DMA, SEM, tensile and impact tests. The influence of different ionic groups and the effects of DCP and ADR on the compatibility between the phases, phase structure and mechanical properties were analyzed. The introduction of the imidazolium-based ionic groups and the reactive agents enable the i-BIIRs play multiple roles as effective compatibilizers and toughening agents, leading to improved interfacial compatibility and high toughness of the blends. The mechanical properties test showed that the PLA/i-BIIRs blends exhibit excellent toughness: impact strength and the elongation at break of AR-OH(30)+AD reached 95 kJ/m2 and 286%, respectively. The impact fracture surface showed the large-scale plastic deformation of the PLA matrix in the blends, resulting in greatly absorbing the impact energy. The results proved that simultaneously applying reactive blend and multiple intermolecular interactions methods is an effective toughening strategy for toughening modification of the PLA blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingli Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinshan Li
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Dai
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Sun
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Li
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Kunyu Zhang, , ; Yang Li,
| | - Kunyu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Kunyu Zhang, , ; Yang Li,
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Ravula S, O’Harra KE, Watson KA, Bara JE. Poly(ionic liquid)s with Dicationic Pendants as Gas Separation Membranes. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:264. [PMID: 35323740 PMCID: PMC8954690 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Poly(norbornene)s and poly(ionic liquid)s are two different classes of attractive materials, which are known for their structural tunability and thermal stabilities, and have been extensively studied as gas separation membranes. The incorporation of ionic liquids (ILs) into the poly(norbornene) through post-polymerization has resulted in unique materials with synergistic properties. However, direct polymerization of norbornene-containing IL monomers as gas separation membranes are limited. To this end, a series of norbornene-containing imidazolium-based mono- and di-cationic ILs (NBM-mIm and NBM-DILs) with different connectivity and spacer lengths were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. Subsequently, the poly(NBM-mIm) with bistriflimide [Tf2N-] and poly([NBM-DILs][Tf2N]2) comprising homo-, random-, and block- (co)polymers were synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization using the air-stable Grubbs second-generation catalyst. Block copolymers (BCPs), specifically, [NBM-mIM][Tf2N] and [NBM-ImCnmIm] [Tf2N]2 (n = 4 and 6) were synthesized at two different compositions, which generated high molecular weight polymers with decent solubility relative to homo- and random (co)polymers of [NBM-DILs] [Tf2N]2. The prepared BCPs were efficiently analyzed by a host of analytical tools, including 1H-NMR, GPC, and WAXD. The successfully BCPs were cast into thin membranes ranging from 47 to 125 μm and their gas (CO2, N2, CH4, and H2) permeations were measured at 20 °C using a time-lag apparatus. These membranes displayed modest CO2 permeability in a non-linear fashion with respect to composition and a reverse trend in CO2/N2 permselectivity was observed, as a usual trade-off behavior between permeability and permselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Ravula
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; (S.R.); (K.E.O.)
| | - Kathryn E. O’Harra
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; (S.R.); (K.E.O.)
| | - Keith A. Watson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA;
| | - Jason E. Bara
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; (S.R.); (K.E.O.)
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Qin J, Li X, Lv Q, He M, Chen M, Xu Y, Chen X, Yu J. Selective dispersion of neutral nanoplates and the interfacial structure of copolymers based on coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:5950-5959. [PMID: 34046651 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00352f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The selective dispersion of neutral nanoplates (NNP) and the control of the interfacial structure of copolymers are challenging. In this work, we employ coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) to investigate the dispersion of NNP and the interfacial structure. The introduction of NNP significantly changes the interfacial structure and formation mechanism of diblock copolymers (DBCP), which is related to the matrix phase, distribution, composition, and length of two different chain segments (A and B) in AmBn-DBCP. The phase-weak groups that have a poor interaction with NNP will stack easily, whereas the stacking degree for the phase-rich groups that have a strong interaction with NNP decreases due to the addition of NNP. The interaction between two phases will be enhanced, which is favorable for the formation of a random network structure. Due to the strong interaction of the phase-rich groups with NNP, the NNP change the accumulation types of phase-weak groups and enhances the combination of two chain segments in favor of the formation of a cylindrical micelle-like structure. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that layered double hydroxide (LDH) orientationally distributes in the acrylic acid chain segments in ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) random copolymers, which is in agreement with the theoretical simulation results. This proves that the selective dispersion of LDH in copolymers affects their interfacial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qin
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China. and Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou Province, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou Province, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qing Lv
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou Province, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min He
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Mengyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou Province, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou Province, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaolang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China. and National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550058, China
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9
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Qi D, Zhang K, Tian G, Jiang B, Huang Y. Stretchable Electronics Based on PDMS Substrates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2003155. [PMID: 32830370 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable electronics, which can retain their functions under stretching, have attracted great interest in recent decades. Elastic substrates, which bear the applied strain and regulate the strain distribution in circuits, are indispensable components in stretchable electronics. Moreover, the self-healing property of the substrate is a premise to endow stretchable electronics with the same characteristics, so the device may recover from failure resulting from large and frequent deformations. Therefore, the properties of the elastic substrate are crucial to the overall performance of stretchable devices. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is widely used as the substrate material for stretchable electronics, not only because of its advantages, which include stable chemical properties, good thermal stability, transparency, and biological compatibility, but also because of its capability of attaining designer functionalities via surface modification and bulk property tailoring. Herein, the strategies for fabricating stretchable electronics on PDMS substrates are summarized, and the influence of the physical and chemical properties of PDMS, including surface chemical status, physical modulus, geometric structures, and self-healing properties, on the performance of stretchable electronics is discussed. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities of stretchable electronics based on PDMS substrates are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianpeng Qi
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Kuiyuan Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Gongwei Tian
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yudong Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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Yang FJ, Liu QF, Wu XB, He YY, Shu XG, Huang J. High ionic conduction, toughness and self-healing poly(ionic liquid)-based electrolytes enabled by synergy between flexible units and counteranions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35687-35694. [PMID: 35493141 PMCID: PMC9043274 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04553a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer electrolytes offer great potential for emerging wearable electronics. However, the development of a polymer electrolyte that has high ionic conductivity, stretchability and security simultaneously is still a considerable challenge. Herein, we reported an effective approach for fabricating high-performance poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) copolymer (denoted as PIL-BA) electrolytes by the interaction between flexible units (butyl acrylate) and counteranions. The introduction of butyl acrylate units and bis(trifluoromethane-sulfonyl)imide (TFSI−) counteranions can significantly enhance the mobility of polymer chains, resulting in the effective improvement of ion transport, toughness and self-healability. As a result, the PIL-BA copolymer-based electrolytes containing TFSI− counterions achieved the highest ionic conductivity of 2.71 ± 0.17 mS cm−1, 1129% of that of a PIL homopolymer electrolyte containing Cl− counterions. Moreover, the PIL-BA copolymer-based electrolytes also exhibit ultrahigh tensile strain of 1762% and good self-healable capability. Such multifunctional polymer electrolytes can potentially be applied for safe and stable wearable electronics. Polymer electrolytes offer great potential for emerging wearable electronics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Jie Yang
- College Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Qing Feng Liu
- College Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Bing Wu
- College Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yu Yi He
- College Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xu Gang Shu
- College Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jin Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
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Sun ST, Wang H, Huang D, Ding YL, Zhang Y, Song DP, Zhang KY, Pan L, Li YS. Refractive Index Engineering as a Novel Strategy toward Highly Transparent and Tough Sustainable Polymer Blends. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Choi UH, Price TL, Schoonover DV, Gibson HW, Colby RH. The Effect of Oligo(oxyethylene) Moieties on Ion Conduction and Dielectric Properties of Norbornene-Based Imidazolium Tf 2N Ionic Liquid Monomers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Hyeok Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Terry L. Price
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Daniel V. Schoonover
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Harry W. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Ralph H. Colby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Li Z, Shi S, Yang F, Cao D, Zhang K, Wang B, Ma Z, Pan L, Li Y. Supertough and Transparent Poly(lactic acid) Nanostructure Blends with Minimal Stiffness Loss. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:13148-13157. [PMID: 32548501 PMCID: PMC7288571 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This contribution is an attempt to explore the effectiveness of a series of newly obtained thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) as a toughening agent for modifying poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The TPEs, including ionically modified isotactic polypropylene-graft-PLA (iPP-g-PLA) copolymers with explicit graft length, graft density, and ionic group content, and an iPP-g-PLA copolymer with a very high molecular weight and explicit graft density, were elaborately designed and synthesized. The semicrystal or rubbery copolymer backbone originated from iPP was designed to improve the toughness and maintain a relatively high strength, while the grafted PLA side chain was to ensure a high level of compatibility with the PLA matrix. To obtain further enhancement in interfacial reinforcement, the imidazolium-based ionic group was also added during graft onto reaction. All of these graft copolymers were identified with randomly distributed PLA branches, bearing a very high molecular weight ((33-398) × 104) and very high PLA content (57.3-89.3 wt %). Unprecedentedly, with a very small amount of newly designed TPE, the modified PLA blends exhibited a significantly increased elongation at break (up to about 190%) and simultaneously retained the very high stiffness and excellent transparency. The nanometer-scale phase-separated particles with good compatibility and refractive index matching to the PLA matrix were demonstrated to play a crucial role in the excellent performance. The findings suggested that the newly designed iPP-g-PLA copolymers are very economic, promising, and effective modifying agents for developing highly transparent and tough PLA-based sustainable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Li
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuwen Shi
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dafu Cao
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kunyu Zhang
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin
Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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Yu WW, Xu WZ, Xia JH, Wei YC, Liao S, Luo MC. Toughening natural rubber by the innate sacrificial network. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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