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Berl AJ, Sklar JH, Yun YJ, Kalow JA. Side-Chain Engineering in Hydrophilic n-Type π-Conjugated Polymers for Enhanced Reactivity. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:503-509. [PMID: 37011181 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Minor changes to side chains in conjugated polymers (CPs) can have pronounced effects on polymer properties by altering backbone planarity, solubility, and interaction with ions. Here, we report the photocontrolled synthesis of hydrophilic CPs from Grignard monomers and find that switching from alkyl to oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) side chains changes their photoreactivity. Specifically, installing hydrophilic side chains on the same monomer core yields higher molecular weight polymers and allows polymerization to proceed with lower-energy red light. Additionally, we discover a side chain decomposition pathway for N-OEG monomers, which are prevalent in CP research. Decomposition can be overcome by adding an extra methylene unit in the side chains without compromising polymer molecular weight or hydrophilicity. Importantly, this polymerization does not require transition metal catalysts and is a promising approach to the preparation of n-type conjugated block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Berl
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jonathan H Sklar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Young Ju Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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2
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Li L, Zhan H, Chen S, Zhao Q, Peng J. Interrogating the Effect of Block Sequence on Cocrystallization, Microphase Separation, and Charge Transport in All-Conjugated Triblock Copolymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qingqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Kim P, Kim EY, Han SG, Lee J, Kang S, Park C, Cho K, Moon HC, Kim JK. Enhanced Vertical Hole Mobility through End-on Chain Orientation of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based Diblock Copolymers by Microphase Separation. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philgon Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hybrid Nano Materials by High-Level Architectural Design of Block Copolymer, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hybrid Nano Materials by High-Level Architectural Design of Block Copolymer, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Gyo Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyong Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hybrid Nano Materials by High-Level Architectural Design of Block Copolymer, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukwon Kang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hybrid Nano Materials by High-Level Architectural Design of Block Copolymer, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaneui Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Chul Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kon Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hybrid Nano Materials by High-Level Architectural Design of Block Copolymer, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Yin Y, Chen S, Zhu S, Li L, Zhai D, Huang D, Peng J. Tailoring Cocrystallization and Microphase Separation in Rod–Rod Block Copolymers for Field-Effect Transistors. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuyin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dalong Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dongqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Chen S, Li L, Zhai D, Yin Y, Shang X, Ni B, Peng J. Cocrystallization-Promoted Charge Mobility in All-Conjugated Diblock Copolymers for High-Performance Field-Effect Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:58094-58104. [PMID: 33334099 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The cocrystallization method that combines various constituents into cocrystals yields the newly formed materials with significantly enhanced charge transport properties. However, this strategy has not been greatly utilized in all-conjugated block copolymers (BCPs). Herein, we scrutinize the relationship between cocrystals and charge mobilities in all-conjugated BCPs (i.e., poly(3-butylthiophene)-block-poly(3-hexylthiophene); denoted P3BT-b-P3HT) by tuning their molecular weights and thermal annealing process. All the rod-rod BCPs form cocrystals with high charge mobilities than P3BT and P3HT homopolymers and P3BT/P3HT blend, imparting the cocrystal-facilitated charge transport because of the synergy of two conjugated components. Upon 150 °C treatment, their crystallinities increase and their charge mobilities at 15k, 18k, and 28k increase slightly. In contrast, P3BT-b-P3HT-12k shows decreased charge mobilities. It is due to the preferential increase of crystal size and order through the π-π stacking direction in the former while through the alkyl stacking direction in the latter. Intriguingly, when these P3BT-b-P3HT cocrystals experience two-step thermal treatment, P3BT-b-P3HT-12k retains its cocrystalline structure, while microphase separation of P3BT and P3HT occurs in P3BT-b-P3HT-15k, 18k, and 28k with different degrees. All P3BT-b-P3HT BCPs exhibit decreased charge mobilities. This study demonstrates the cocrystallization-promoted charge mobility in all-conjugated BCPs, which may facilitate their application in a wide range of optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dalong Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xin Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bijun Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Juan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Xiao LL, Zhou X, Yue K, Guo ZH. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Conjugated Block Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E110. [PMID: 33383927 PMCID: PMC7796117 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, conjugated polymers (CPs) have drawn great attention due to their excellent conductivity and charge mobility, rendering them broad applications in organic electronics. Controlling over the morphologies and nanostructures of CPs is very important to improve the performance of CP-based devices, which is still a tremendously difficult task. Conjugated block copolymers (cBCPs), composed of different CP blocks or CP coupled with coiled polymeric blocks, not only maintain the advantages of high conductivity and mobility but also demonstrate features of morphological versatility and tunability. Due to the strong π-π interaction and crystallinity of the conjugated backbones, the self-assembly behaviors of cBCPs are very complicated and largely remain to be explored. In this tutorial review, we first summarize the general synthetic methods for different types of cBCPs. Then, recent studies on the self-assembly behaviors of cBCPs are discussed, with an emphasis on the structural factors that affect the morphologies of cBCPs both in bulk and thin film states. Finally, we briefly provide our outlook on the future research of the self-assembly of cBCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Xiao
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (L.-L.X.); (X.Z.); (K.Y.)
| | - Xu Zhou
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (L.-L.X.); (X.Z.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kan Yue
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (L.-L.X.); (X.Z.); (K.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zi-Hao Guo
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (L.-L.X.); (X.Z.); (K.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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7
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Tian Z, Li J, Li C, Jiang X, Guo Y, Xiao C, Li W. A Naphthalenediimide-Based Polymer Acceptor with Multidirectional Orientations via Double-Cable Design. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrong Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Li
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, P. R. China
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