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Toàn NM, Vágner A, Nagy G, Ország G, Nagy T, Csikos C, Váradi B, Sajtos GZ, Kapus I, Szoboszlai Z, Szikra D, Trencsényi G, Tircsó G, Garai I. [ 52Mn]Mn-BPPA-Trastuzumab: A Promising HER2-Specific PET Radiotracer. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8261-8270. [PMID: 38690886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a novel radiotracer using trastuzumab and the long-lived [52Mn]Mn isotope for HER2-targeted therapy selection and monitoring. A new Mn(II) chelator, BPPA, synthesized from a rigid bispyclen platform possessing a picolinate pendant arm, formed a stable and inert Mn(II) complex with favorable relaxation properties. BPPA was converted into a bifunctional chelator (BFC), conjugated to trastuzumab, and labeled with [52Mn]Mn isotope. In comparison to DOTA-GA-trastuzumab, the BPPA-trastuzumab conjugate exhibits a labeling efficiency with [52Mn]Mn approximately 2 orders of magnitude higher. In female CB17 SCID mice bearing 4T1 (HER2-) and MDA-MB-HER2+ (HER2+) xenografts, [52Mn]Mn-BPPA-trastuzumab demonstrated superior uptake in HER2+ cells on day 3, with a 3-4 fold difference observed on day 7. Overall, the hexadentate BPPA chelator proves to be exceptional in binding Mn(II). Upon coupling with trastuzumab as a BFC ligand, it becomes an excellent imaging probe for HER2-positive tumors. [52Mn]Mn-BPPA-trastuzumab enables an extended imaging time window and earlier detection of HER2-positive tumors with superior tumor-to-background contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngô Minh Toàn
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Medical Imaging Clinic, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | | | | | | | - Tamás Nagy
- Medical Imaging Clinic, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Scanomed Ltd., Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Csaba Csikos
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Medical Imaging Clinic, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Balázs Váradi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Gergő Zoltán Sajtos
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - István Kapus
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | | | - Dezső Szikra
- Medical Imaging Clinic, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Scanomed Ltd., Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Medical Imaging Clinic, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Scanomed Ltd., Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Gyula Tircsó
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Garai
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Medical Imaging Clinic, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
- Scanomed Ltd., Debrecen H-4032, Hungary
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Maier KB, Rust LN, Kupara CI, Woods M. Diastereoselective Synthesis of α-Aryl-Substituted LnDOTA Chelates from Achiral Starting Materials by Deracemization Under Mild Conditions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301887. [PMID: 37519104 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Substituted derivatives of the DOTA framework are of general interest to alter chelate properties and facilitate the conjugation of chelates to other molecular structures. However, the scope of substituents that can be introduced into the α-position has traditionally been limited by the availability of a suitable enantiopure starting materials to facilitate a stereoselective synthesis. Tetra-substituted DOTA derivatives with phenyl and benzoate substituents in the α-position have been prepared. Initial syntheses used enantiopure starting materials but did not afford enantiopure products. This indicates that the integrity of the stereocenters was not preserved during synthesis, despite the homo-chiral diastereoisomer being the major reaction product. The homochiral diastereoisomer could be produced as the major or sole reaction product when starting from racemic or even achiral materials. Deracemization was found to occur during chelation through the formation of an enolate stabilized by the aryl substituent. This general ability of aryl groups to enable deracemization greatly increases the range of substituents that can be introduced into DOTA-type ligands with diastereochemical selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karley B Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University 1719, SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Lauren N Rust
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University 1719, SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Charlene I Kupara
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University 1719, SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Mark Woods
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University 1719, SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 1381 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Liu J, Guo X, Wen L, Wang L, Liu F, Song G, Zhu H, Zhou N, Yang Z. Comparison of renal clearance of [ 18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH and [ 18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH in mice and breast cancer patients. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2775-2786. [PMID: 37093312 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A novel HER2 affibody-based molecular probe, [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH, was developed for reducing renal uptake, evaluated, and compared with [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH. METHODS In preclinical studies, micro-PET/CT was performed using HER2-positive gastric cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDX) model at 0.5-1 (dynamic), 2, 4, and 6 h post-injection. For blocking experiment, 0.5 mg cold affibody was co-injected with probes. Biodistribution were performed on HER2-positive PDX models at 2 h post-injection. For clinical study, PET/CT images were acquired at 2 h and 4 h after injection of 231.29 ± 17.77 MBq [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH or [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH in five breast cancer patients (4 HER2-positive and 1 HER2-low). Standardized uptake values (SUVs) were measured in tumors and source-organs for semi-quantitative analysis. The OLINDA/EXM software (version 1.2) was used to calculate the radiation doses. RESULTS [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH and [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH were stably labeled with [18F]F, with high binding specificity and affinity to HER2. Micro-PET/CT of both tracers could clearly visualize HER2-positive PDX tumors with high uptake of 16.24 ± 1.74% ID/g and 14.39 ± 2.45% ID/g at 2 h post-injection. The renal accumulation of [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH was significantly lower than that of [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH (5.16 ± 0.22% ID/g vs. 158.73 ± 5.44% ID/g at 2 h, p < 0.0001). In the clinical study, both [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH and [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH demonstrated favorable tumor targeting and image contrast. [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH showed a higher SUVmax in both primary tumor and metastases, and a significantly higher target-to-nontarget ratio in metastases than [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH. Moreover, [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH had lower renal accumulation (43.56 ± 7.88 vs. 79.81 ± 3.81 at 2 h, p < 0.0001; 33.23 ± 6.89 vs. 78.63 ± 4.00 at 4 h, p < 0.0001) as well as a significantly lower renal absorbed dose than [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH (0.4450 ± 0.1117 mGy/MBq vs. 0.8030 ± 0.1604 mGy/MBq, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH tended to provide better image contrast than [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH with a higher target-to-nontarget ratio in detection of metastases. Notably, [18F]AlF-RESCA-HER2-BCH had lower renal accumulation than [18F]AlF-NOTA-HER2-BCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wen
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Futao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Guohong Song
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Breast Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Nina Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
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Larkina M, Plotnikov E, Bezverkhniaia E, Shabanova Y, Tretyakova M, Yuldasheva F, Zelchan R, Schulga A, Konovalova E, Vorobyeva A, Garousi J, Gräslund T, Belousov M, Tolmachev V, Deyev S. Comparative Preclinical Evaluation of Peptide-Based Chelators for the Labeling of DARPin G3 with 99mTc for Radionuclide Imaging of HER2 Expression in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13443. [PMID: 36362226 PMCID: PMC9653920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive radionuclide imaging of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) expression in breast, gastroesophageal, and ovarian cancers may stratify patients for treatment using HER2-targeted therapeutics. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) are a promising type of targeting probe for radionuclide imaging. In clinical studies, the DARPin [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 labeled using a peptide-based chelator His-Glu-His-Glu-His-Glu ((HE)3), provided clear imaging of HER2 expressing breast cancer 2-4 h after injection. The goal of this study was to evaluate if the use of cysteine-containing peptide-based chelators Glu-Glu-Glu-Cys (E3C), Gly-Gly-Gly-Cys (G3C), and Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser-Cys connected via a (Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser)3-linker (designated as G3-(G3S)3C) would further improve the contrast of imaging using 99mTc-labeled derivatives of G3. The labeling of the new variants of G3 provided a radiochemical yield of over 95%. Labeled G3 variants bound specifically to human HER2-expressing cancer cell lines with affinities in the range of 1.9-5 nM. Biodistribution of [99mTc]Tc-G3-G3C, [99mTc]Tc-G3-(G3S)3C, and [99mTc]Tc-G3-E3C in mice was compared with the biodistribution of [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3. It was found that the novel variants provide specific accumulation in HER2-expressing human xenografts and enable discrimination between tumors with high and low HER2 expression. However, [99mTc]Tc-(HE)3-G3 provided better contrast between tumors and the most frequent metastatic sites of HER2-expressing cancers and is therefore more suitable for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Larkina
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Plotnikov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Bezverkhniaia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yulia Shabanova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maria Tretyakova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Feruza Yuldasheva
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Roman Zelchan
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 11417 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 11417 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikhail Belousov
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergey Deyev
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Kwon D, Zhang Z, Zeisler J, Kuo HT, Lin KS, Benard F. Reducing the Kidney Uptake of High Contrast CXCR4 PET Imaging Agents via Linker Modifications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071502. [PMID: 35890397 PMCID: PMC9316317 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is highly expressed in many subtypes of cancers, notably in several kidney-based malignancies. We synthesized, labeled, and assessed a series of radiotracers based on a previous high contrast PET imaging radiopharmaceutical [68Ga]Ga-BL02, with modifications to its linker and metal chelator, in order to improve its tumor-to-kidney contrast ratio. Methods: Based on the design of BL02, a piperidine-based cationic linker (BL06) and several anionic linkers (tri-Aad (BL17); tri-D-Glu (BL20); tri-Asp (BL25); and tri-cysteic acid (BL31)) were substituted for the triglutamate linker. Additionally, the DOTA chelator was swapped for a DOTAGA chelator (BL30). Each radiotracer was labeled with 68Ga and evaluated in CXCR4-expressing Daudi xenograft mice with biodistribution and/or PET imaging studies. Results: Of all the evaluated radiotracers, [68Ga]Ga-BL31 showed the most promising biodistribution profile, with a lower kidney uptake compared to [68Ga]Ga-BL02, while retaining the high imaging contrast capabilities of [68Ga]Ga-BL02. [68Ga]Ga-BL31 also compared favorably to [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor, with superior imaging contrast in all non-target organs. The other anionic linker-based radiotracers showed either equivocal or worse contrast ratios compared to [68Ga]Ga-BL02; however, [68Ga]Ga-BL25 also showed lower kidney uptake, as compared to that of [68Ga]Ga-BL02. Meanwhile, [68Ga]Ga-BL06 had high non-target organ uptake and relatively lower tumor uptake, while [68Ga]Ga-BL30 showed significantly increased kidney uptake and similar tumor uptake values. Conclusions: [68Ga]Ga-BL31 is an optimized CXCR4-targeting radiopharmaceutical with lower kidney retention that has clinical potential for PET imaging and radioligand therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kwon
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (D.K.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.-T.K.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Zhengxing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (D.K.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.-T.K.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Jutta Zeisler
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (D.K.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.-T.K.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Hsiou-Ting Kuo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (D.K.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.-T.K.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (D.K.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.-T.K.); (K.-S.L.)
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Francois Benard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (D.K.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.); (H.-T.K.); (K.-S.L.)
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-604-675-8206
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Hu X, Li D, Fu Y, Zheng J, Feng Z, Cai J, Wang P. Advances in the Application of Radionuclide-Labeled HER2 Affibody for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:917439. [PMID: 35785201 PMCID: PMC9240272 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.917439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a highly expressed tumor marker in epithelial ovarian cancer, and its overexpression is considered to be a potential factor of poor prognosis. Therefore, monitoring the expression of HER2 receptor in tumor tissue provides favorable conditions for accurate localization, diagnosis, targeted therapy, and prognosis evaluation of cancer foci. Affibody has the advantages of high affinity, small molecular weight, and stable biochemical properties. The molecular probes of radionuclide-labeled HER2 affibody have recently shown broad application prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer; the aim is to introduce radionuclides into the cancer foci, display systemic lesions, and kill tumor cells through the radioactivity of the radionuclides. This process seamlessly integrates the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Current research and development of new molecular probes of radionuclide-labeled HER2 affibody should focus on overcoming the deficiencies of non-specific uptake in the kidney, bone marrow, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, and on reducing the background of the image to improve image quality. By modifying the amino acid sequence; changing the hydrophilicity, surface charge, and lipid solubility of the affibody molecule; and using different radionuclides, chelating agents, and labeling conditions to optimize the labeling method of molecular probes, the specific uptake of molecular probes at tumor sites will be improved, while reducing radioactive retention in non-target organs and obtaining the best target/non-target value. These measures will enable the clinical use of radionuclide-labeled HER2 affibody molecular probes as soon as possible, providing a new clinical path for tumor-specific diagnosis, targeted therapy, and efficacy evaluation. The purpose of this review is to describe the application of radionuclide-labeled HER2 affibody in the imaging and treatment of ovarian cancer, including its potential clinical value and dilemmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Zunyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi, China
| | - Yujie Fu
- Research and Development Department, Jiangsu Yuanben Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zunyi, China
| | - Jiashen Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zelong Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiong Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Jiong Cai, ; Pan Wang,
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Jiong Cai, ; Pan Wang,
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Su H, Liu W, Chu T. Synthesis and bioevaluation of radioiodated nitroimidazole-based hypoxia imaging agents containing different charged substituents. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Miller C, Rousseau J, Ramogida CF, Celler A, Rahmim A, Uribe CF. Implications of physics, chemistry and biology for dosimetry calculations using theranostic pairs. Theranostics 2022; 12:232-259. [PMID: 34987643 PMCID: PMC8690938 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Theranostics is an emerging paradigm that combines imaging and therapy in order to personalize patient treatment. In nuclear medicine, this is achieved by using radiopharmaceuticals that target identical molecular targets for both imaging (using emitted gamma rays) and radiopharmaceutical therapy (using emitted beta, alpha or Auger-electron particles) for the treatment of various diseases, such as cancer. If the therapeutic radiopharmaceutical cannot be imaged quantitatively, a “theranostic pair” imaging surrogate can be used to predict the absorbed radiation doses from the therapeutic radiopharmaceutical. However, theranostic dosimetry assumes that the pharmacokinetics and biodistributions of both radiopharmaceuticals in the pair are identical or very similar, an assumption that still requires further validation for many theranostic pairs. In this review, we consider both same-element and different-element theranostic pairs and attempt to determine if factors exist which may cause inaccurate dose extrapolations in theranostic dosimetry, either intrinsic (e.g. chemical differences) or extrinsic (e.g. injecting different amounts of each radiopharmaceutical) to the radiopharmaceuticals. We discuss the basis behind theranostic dosimetry and present common theranostic pairs and their therapeutic applications in oncology. We investigate general factors that could create alterations in the behavior of the radiopharmaceuticals or the quantitative accuracy of imaging them. Finally, we attempt to determine if there is evidence showing some specific pairs as suitable for theranostic dosimetry. We show that there are a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors which can significantly alter the behavior among pairs of radiopharmaceuticals, even if they belong to the same chemical element. More research is needed to determine the impact of these factors on theranostic dosimetry estimates and on patient outcomes, and how to correctly account for them.
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Zhou Z, McDougald D, Meshaw R, Balyasnikova I, Zalutsky MR, Vaidyanathan G. Labeling single domain antibody fragments with 18F using a novel residualizing prosthetic agent - N-succinimidyl 3-(1-(2-(2-(2-(2-[ 18F]fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-5-(guanidinomethyl)benzoate. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 100-101:24-35. [PMID: 34146837 PMCID: PMC8448961 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Labeling single domain antibody fragments (sdAbs) with 18F is an attractive strategy for immunoPET. Earlier, we developed a residualizing label, N-succinimidyl 3-((4-(4-fluorobutyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-5-(guanidinomethyl)benzoate ([18F]RL-I), synthesized via a click reaction for labeling sdAbs with 18F, that has attractive features but suffered from modest radiochemical yields and suboptimal hydrophobicity. Herein, we have evaluated the potential utility of an analogous agent, N-succinimidyl 3-(1-(2-(2-(2-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-5-(guanidinomethyl)benzoate ([18F]SFETGMB; [18F]RL-III) designed to address these limitations. METHODS [18F]RL-III was synthesized by the click reaction between 3-((2,3-bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)guanidino)methyl)-5-ethynylbenzoate and 1-azido-2-(2-(2-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethane and subsequent deprotection. The anti-HER2 sdAbs 5F7 and 2Rs15d were labeled by conjugation with [18F]RL-III and compared in a paired-label fashion to the sdAbs labeled using N-succinimidyl 4-guanidinomethyl-3-[125I]iodobenzoate ([125I]SGMIB) or N-succinimidyl 3-guanidinomethyl-5-[125I]iodobenzoate (iso-[125I]SGMIB). The 18F-labeled sdAbs were evaluated in vitro using HER2-expressing breast and ovarian carcinoma cells (BT474/BT474M1 and SKOV-3) and in vivo in athymic mice bearing subcutaneous SKOV-3 or BT474 xenografts. PET imaging of athymic mice bearing either subcutaneous BT474 or intracranial BT474M1Br-Fluc xenografts after administration of [18F]RL-III-5F7 also was performed. RESULTS Radiochemical yields for the synthesis of Boc2-[18F]RL-III (21.5 ± 3.4%) were significantly higher than reported for Boc2-[18F]RL-I. The overall radiochemical yields for the synthesis of [18F]RL-III-2Rs15d and [18F]RL-III-5F7 from aqueous [18F]fluoride were 1.7 ± 0.7% and 3.8 ± 2.3%, respectively. Both sdAbs, labeled using [18F]RL-III, retained affinity and immunoreactivity to HER2. Uptake and internalization of [18F]RL-III-5F7 in HER2-expressing cells was higher than that seen for [18F]RL-III-2Rs15d. Although different xenograft models were used, [18F]RL-III-2Rs15d showed relatively high uptake in a number of normal tissues, while uptake of [18F]RL-III-5F7 was mainly in tumor and kidneys with minimal background activity. Concordant with the necropsy experiments, microPET imaging with [18F]RL-III-5F7 in the BT474 subcutaneous model demonstrated clear delineation of the tumor (12.2 ± 5.1% ID/g) with minimal background activity except in kidneys. A tumor uptake (max) of 0.98%ID/g and a tumor-to-normal brain ratio of 9.8:1 were observed for [18F]RL-III-5F7 in the intracranial model. CONCLUSIONS Although higher radiochemical yields than that reported for [18F]RL-I were obtained, considerable improvements are needed for this method to be of practical utility. Despite clear tumor delineation with [18F]RL-III-5F7 as early as 1 h, high activity levels in the kidneys remain a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Darryl McDougald
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca Meshaw
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Irina Balyasnikova
- The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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10
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Suman SK, Subramanian S, Mukherjee A. Combination radionuclide therapy: A new paradigm. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 98-99:40-58. [PMID: 34029984 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Targeted molecular radionuclide therapy (MRT) has shown its potential for the treatment of cancers of multiple origins. A combination therapy strategy employing two or more distinct therapeutic approaches in cancer management is aimed at circumventing tumor resistance by simultaneously targeting compensatory signaling pathways or bypassing survival selection mutations acquired in response to individual monotherapies. Combination radionuclide therapy (CRT) is a newer application of the concept, utilizing a combination of radiolabeled molecular targeting agents with chemotherapy and beam radiation therapy for enhanced therapeutic index. Encouraging results are reported with chemotherapeutic agents in combination with radiolabeled targeting molecules for cancer therapy. With increasing awareness of the various survival and stress response pathways activated after radionuclide therapy, different holistic combinations of MRT agents with radiosensitizers targeting such pathways have also been explored. MRT has also been studied in combination with beam radiotherapy modalities such as external beam radiation therapy and carbon ion radiation therapy to enhance the anti-tumor response. Nanotechnology aids in CRT by bringing together multiple monotherapies on a single nanostructure platform for treating cancers in a more precise or personalized way. CRT will be a key player in managing cancers if correctly tailored to the individual patient profile. The success of CRT lies in an in-depth understanding of the radiobiological principles and pathways activated in response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishu Kant Suman
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Suresh Subramanian
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Archana Mukherjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India.
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11
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Slania SL, Das D, Lisok A, Du Y, Jiang Z, Mease RC, Rowe SP, Nimmagadda S, Yang X, Pomper MG. Imaging of Fibroblast Activation Protein in Cancer Xenografts Using Novel (4-Quinolinoyl)-glycyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine-Based Small Molecules. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4059-4070. [PMID: 33730493 PMCID: PMC8214312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has become a favored target for imaging and therapy of malignancy. We have synthesized and characterized two new (4-quinolinoyl)-glycyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine-based small molecules for imaging of FAP, QCP01 and [111In]QCP02, using optical and single-photon computed tomography/CT, respectively. Binding of imaging agents to FAP was assessed in six human cancer cell lines of different cancer types: glioblastoma (U87), melanoma (SKMEL24), prostate (PC3), NSCLC (NCIH2228), colorectal carcinoma (HCT116), and lung squamous cell carcinoma (NCIH226). Mouse xenograft models were developed with FAP-positive U87 and FAP-negative PC3 cells to test pharmacokinetics and binding specificity in vivo. QCP01 and [111In]QCP02 demonstrated nanomolar inhibition of FAP at Ki values of 1.26 and 16.20 nM, respectively. Both were selective for FAP over DPP-IV, a related serine protease. Both enabled imaging of FAP-expressing tumors specifically in vivo. [111In]QCP02 showed high uptake at 18.2 percent injected dose per gram in the U87 tumor at 30 min post-administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Slania
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Deepankar Das
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Ala Lisok
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Yong Du
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Zirui Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Ronnie C Mease
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Steven P Rowe
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Xing Yang
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
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12
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Prado VS, Leitao RCF, Silva F, Gano L, Santos IC, Marques FLN, Paulo A, Deflon VM. Gallium and indium complexes with new hexadentate bis(semicarbazone) and bis(thiosemicarbazone) chelators. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:1631-1640. [PMID: 33480908 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of two new hexadentate potentially tetra-anionic acyclic chelators, an N2O4-donor bis(semicarbazone) (H4bsc) and an N2O2S2-donor bis(thiosemicarbazone) (H4btsc), is described. Coordination reactions of the ligands with gallium and indium precursors were investigated and yielded the complexes [Ga(Hbsc)] (1) and [In(Hbtsc)] (2), respectively. Ligands and complexes structures were confirmed by several techniques, including FTIR, NMR (1H, 13C, COSY, HSQC), ESI(+)-MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The radioactive congeners [67Ga(Hbsc)] (1*) and [111In(Hbtsc)] (2*) were also synthesized and their radiolabeling yield and radiochemical purity were certified by HPLC and ITLC analyses. Biodistribution assays in groups of CD-1 mice showed a high uptake of both radiocomplexes in liver and intestine where 1* presented higher retention. In vitro and in vivo assays revealed higher stability of 1* compared with 2*, namely in the blood. The results suggest that radiocomplex 1* is a candidate for further investigation as it could be prepared in high yields (>95%), at low temperature (20-25 °C) and at fast reaction time (15 min), which are very desirable synthesis conditions for potential new radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana S Prado
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Renan C F Leitao
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Silva
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Lurdes Gano
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Isabel C Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Fabio L N Marques
- Laboratório de Medicina Nuclear (LIM-43), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, CEP 05403-911 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - António Paulo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Victor M Deflon
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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13
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Li L, Kuo HT, Wang X, Merkens H, Colpo N, Radchenko V, Schaffer P, Lin KS, Bénard F, Orvig C. tBu 4octapa-alkyl-NHS for metalloradiopeptide preparation. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7605-7619. [PMID: 32459231 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00845a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The peptide is an important class of biological targeting molecule; herein, a new bifunctional octadentate non-macrocyclic H4octapa, tBu4octapa-alkyl-NHS, which is compatible with solid-phase peptide synthesis and thus useful for radiopeptide preparation, has been synthesized. To preserve denticity, the alkyl-N-hydroxylsuccinimide linker was covalently attached to the methylene-carbon on one of the acetate arms, yielding a chiral carbon center. According to density-functional theory (DFT) calculations using [Lu(octapa-alkyl-benzyl-ester)]- as a simulation model, the chirality has minimal effects on the complex geometry; regardless of the S-/R-stereochemistry, DFT calculations revealed two possible geometric isomers, distorted bicapped trigonal antiprism (DBTA) and distorted square antiprism (DSA), due to the asymmetry in the chelator. To evaluate the biological behavior of the new bifunctionalization, two well-studied PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen)-targeting peptidomimetics of varying hydrophobicity were chosen as proof-of-principle targeting vector molecules. Radiolabeling both bioconjugates with lutetium-177 was highly efficient at room temperature in 15 min at micromolar chelator concentration pH = 7. Both the in vitro serum challenge and the lanthanum(iii) challenge studies revealed complex lability, and notably, progressive bone accumulation was only observed with the more hydrophobic linker (i.e. H4octapa-alkyl-PSMA617). This in vivo result informs potential alterations exerted by the linker on the complex geometry and stability, with an appropriate biological targeting vector adopted for such evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Li
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada. and Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Hsiou-Ting Kuo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Xiaozhu Wang
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Helen Merkens
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Nadine Colpo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6 T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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14
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Tsurubuchi T, Shirakawa M, Kurosawa W, Matsumoto K, Ubagai R, Umishio H, Suga Y, Yamazaki J, Arakawa A, Maruyama Y, Seki T, Shibui Y, Yoshida F, Zaboronok A, Suzuki M, Sakurai Y, Tanaka H, Nakai K, Ishikawa E, Matsumura A. Evaluation of a Novel Boron-Containing α-D-Mannopyranoside for BNCT. Cells 2020; 9:E1277. [PMID: 32455737 PMCID: PMC7290312 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a unique anticancer technology that has demonstrated its efficacy in numerous phase I/II clinical trials with boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH) used as 10B delivery agents. However, continuous drug administration at high concentrations is needed to maintain sufficient 10B concentration within tumors. To address the issue of 10B accumulation and retention in tumor tissue, we developed MMT1242, a novel boron-containing α-d-mannopyranoside. We evaluated the uptake, intracellular distribution, and retention of MMT1242 in cultured cells and analyzed biodistribution, tumor-to-normal tissue ratio and toxicity in vivo. Fluorescence imaging using nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD)-labeled MMT1242 and inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were performed. The effectiveness of BNCT using MMT1242 was assessed in animal irradiation studies at the Kyoto University Research Reactor. MMT1242 showed a high uptake and broad intracellular distribution in vitro, longer tumor retention compared to BSH and BPA, and adequate tumor-to-normal tissue accumulation ratio and low toxicity in vivo. A neutron irradiation study with MMT1242 in a subcutaneous murine tumor model revealed a significant tumor inhibiting effect if injected 24 h before irradiation. We therefore report that 10B-MMT1242 is a candidate for further clinical BNCT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Tsurubuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (F.Y.); (K.N.); (E.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Makoto Shirakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (F.Y.); (K.N.); (E.I.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Fukuyama, 1 Sanzo, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama 729-0292, Japan
| | - Wataru Kurosawa
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Kayo Matsumoto
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Risa Ubagai
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hiroshi Umishio
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yasuyo Suga
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Junko Yamazaki
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Akihiro Arakawa
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yutaka Maruyama
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Takuya Seki
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yusuke Shibui
- Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzukichō, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan; (W.K.); (K.M.); (R.U.); (H.U.); (Y.S.); (J.Y.); (A.A.); (Y.M.); (T.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Fumiyo Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (F.Y.); (K.N.); (E.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Alexander Zaboronok
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (F.Y.); (K.N.); (E.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2 Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.S.); (H.T.)
| | - Yoshinori Sakurai
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2 Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.S.); (H.T.)
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2 Asashiro-Nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.S.); (H.T.)
| | - Kei Nakai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (F.Y.); (K.N.); (E.I.); (A.M.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (F.Y.); (K.N.); (E.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Akira Matsumura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (F.Y.); (K.N.); (E.I.); (A.M.)
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15
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Rinne SS, Dahlsson Leitao C, Saleh-Nihad Z, Mitran B, Tolmachev V, Ståhl S, Löfblom J, Orlova A. Benefit of Later-Time-Point PET Imaging of HER3 Expression Using Optimized Radiocobalt-Labeled Affibody Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061972. [PMID: 32183096 PMCID: PMC7139902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HER3-binding affibody molecules are a promising format for visualization of HER3 expression. Cobalt-55, a positron-emitting isotope, with a half-life of 17.5 h, allows for next-day imaging. We investigated the influence of the charge of the radiocobalt–chelator complex on the biodistribution of anti-HER3 affibody molecule (HE)3-ZHER3 and compared the best radiocobalt-labeled variant with a recently optimized gallium-labeled variant. Affibody conjugates (HE)3-ZHER3-X (X = NOTA, NODAGA, DOTA, DOTAGA) were labeled with [57Co]Co (surrogate for 55Co). Affinity measurements, binding specificity and cellular processing were studied in two HER3-expressing cancer cell lines. Biodistribution was studied 3 and 24 h post-injection (pi) in mice with HER3-expressing BxPC-3 xenografts and compared to [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-NODAGA. Micro-single-photon emission tomography/computed tomography (microSPECT/CT) and micro-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (microPET/CT) imaging was performed 3 and 24 h pi. Stably labeled conjugates bound to HER3 with subnanomolar affinity. [57Co]Co-(HE)3-ZHER3-DOTA had the best tumor retention and a significantly lower concentration in blood than other conjugates, leading to superior tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-liver ratios 24 h pi. Compared to [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-NODAGA 3 h pi, [57Co]Co-(HE)3-ZHER3-DOTA provided superior imaging contrast in liver 24 h pi. Concluding, the composition and charge of the [57Co]Co–chelator complex influenced the uptake in tumors and normal tissue. [57Co]Co-(HE)3-ZHER3-DOTA provided the best imaging properties among the cobalt-labeled conjugates. Delayed imaging of HER3 expression with [57Co]Co-(HE)3-ZHER3-DOTA improved imaging contrast compared to early-time-point imaging with [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-NODAGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charles Dahlsson Leitao
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zahra Saleh-Nihad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bogdan Mitran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Stefan Ståhl
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Löfblom
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 83 Uppsala, Sweden
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Affibody Molecules as Targeting Vectors for PET Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030651. [PMID: 32168760 PMCID: PMC7139392 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Affibody molecules are small (58 amino acids) engineered scaffold proteins that can be selected to bind to a large variety of proteins with a high affinity. Their small size and high affinity make them attractive as targeting vectors for molecular imaging. High-affinity affibody binders have been selected for several cancer-associated molecular targets. Preclinical studies have shown that radiolabeled affibody molecules can provide highly specific and sensitive imaging on the day of injection; however, for a few targets, imaging on the next day further increased the imaging sensitivity. A phase I/II clinical trial showed that 68Ga-labeled affibody molecules permit an accurate and specific measurement of HER2 expression in breast cancer metastases. This paper provides an overview of the factors influencing the biodistribution and targeting properties of affibody molecules and the chemistry of their labeling using positron emitters.
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17
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Increase in negative charge of 68Ga/chelator complex reduces unspecific hepatic uptake but does not improve imaging properties of HER3-targeting affibody molecules. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17710. [PMID: 31776413 PMCID: PMC6881397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 3 (HER3) is a common mechanism to bypass HER-targeted cancer therapy. Affibody-based molecular imaging has the potential for detecting and monitoring HER3 expression during treatment. In this study, we compared the imaging properties of newly generated 68Ga-labeled anti-HER3 affibody molecules (HE)3-ZHER3-DOTA and (HE)3-ZHER3-DOTAGA with previously reported [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-NODAGA. We hypothesized that increasing the negative charge of the gallium-68/chelator complex would reduce hepatic uptake, which could lead to improved contrast of anti-HER3 affibody-based PET-imaging of HER3 expression. (HE)3-ZHER3-X (X = DOTA, DOTAGA) were produced and labeled with gallium-68. Binding of the new conjugates was specific in HER3 expressing BxPC-3 and DU145 human cancer cells. Biodistribution and in vivo specificity was studied in BxPC-3 xenograft bearing Balb/c nu/nu mice 3 h pi. DOTA- and DOTAGA-containing conjugates had significantly higher concentration in blood than [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-NODAGA. Presence of the negatively charged 68Ga-DOTAGA complex reduced the unspecific hepatic uptake, but did not improve overall biodistribution of the conjugate. [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-DOTAGA and [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-NODAGA had similar tumor-to-liver ratios, but [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-NODAGA had the highest tumor uptake and tumor-to-blood ratio among the tested conjugates. In conclusion, [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-ZHER3-NODAGA remains the favorable variant for PET imaging of HER3 expression.
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18
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Garousi J, Huizing FJ, Vorobyeva A, Mitran B, Andersson KG, Leitao CD, Frejd FY, Löfblom J, Bussink J, Orlova A, Heskamp S, Tolmachev V. Comparative evaluation of affibody- and antibody fragments-based CAIX imaging probes in mice bearing renal cell carcinoma xenografts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14907. [PMID: 31624303 PMCID: PMC6797765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a cancer-associated molecular target for several classes of therapeutics. CAIX is overexpressed in a large fraction of renal cell carcinomas (RCC). Radionuclide molecular imaging of CAIX-expression might offer a non-invasive methodology for stratification of patients with disseminated RCC for CAIX-targeting therapeutics. Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies and their fragments are actively investigated for imaging of CAIX expression. Promising alternatives are small non-immunoglobulin scaffold proteins, such as affibody molecules. A CAIX-targeting affibody ZCAIX:2 was re-designed with the aim to decrease off-target interactions and increase imaging contrast. The new tracer, DOTA-HE3-ZCAIX:2, was labeled with 111In and characterized in vitro. Tumor-targeting properties of [111In]In-DOTA-HE3-ZCAIX:2 were compared head-to-head with properties of the parental variant, [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-HE3-ZCAIX:2, and the most promising antibody fragment-based tracer, [111In]In-DTPA-G250(Fab’)2, in the same batch of nude mice bearing CAIX-expressing RCC xenografts. Compared to the 99mTc-labeled parental variant, [111In]In-DOTA-HE3-ZCAIX:2 provides significantly higher tumor-to-lung, tumor-to-bone and tumor-to-liver ratios, which is essential for imaging of CAIX expression in the major metastatic sites of RCC. [111In]In-DOTA-HE3-ZCAIX:2 offers significantly higher tumor-to-organ ratios compared with [111In]In-G250(Fab’)2. In conclusion, [111In]In-DOTA-HE3-ZCAIX:2 can be considered as a highly promising tracer for imaging of CAIX expression in RCC metastases based on our results and literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fokko J Huizing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bogdan Mitran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ken G Andersson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles Dahlsson Leitao
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Y Frejd
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John Löfblom
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Bussink
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sandra Heskamp
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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19
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Navarro AS, Le Bihan T, Le Saëc P, Bris NL, Bailly C, Saï-Maurel C, Bourgeois M, Chérel M, Tripier R, Faivre-Chauvet A. TE1PA as Innovating Chelator for 64Cu Immuno-TEP Imaging: A Comparative in Vivo Study with DOTA/NOTA by Conjugation on 9E7.4 mAb in a Syngeneic Multiple Myeloma Model. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2393-2403. [PMID: 31386357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Following the successful synthesis of a C-functionalized version of the TE1PA ligand, a monopicolinate cyclam, we looked to demonstrate its in vivo properties versus DOTA and NOTA, after conjugation on the 9E7.4 rat antibody, an IgG2a against CD138 murine, which has relevant properties for multiple myeloma targeting. For each ligand, different conjugation approaches had been considered to select the most appropriate for the comparative study. The p-SCN-Bn-TE1PA, NHS-DOTA, and p-SCN-Bn-NOTA were finally chosen for conjugation and radiolabeling tests. For in vivo comparison, we used a model of subcutaneous grafted mice with 5T33 tumor cells. In vitro tests and immuno-PET study highlighted 64Cu-9E7.4-p-SCN-Bn-NOTA as the least attractive. Further competitive biodistribution and hepatic metabolic studies at 2, 24, and 48 h post-injection (100 μg radiolabeled with 10 MBq of 64Cu) were then performed with the 64Cu-9E7.4-p-SCN-Bn-TE1PA and 64Cu-9E7.4-NHS-DOTA. Results show a better in vivo resistance of 64Cu-9E7.4-p-SCN-Bn-TE1PA to transchelation compared to 64Cu-9E7.4-NHS-DOTA, especially at later times. This was confirmed with 64Cu-9E7.4-p-SCN-Bn-NOTA at 48 h PI. 64Cu-9E7.4-p-SCN-Bn-TE1PA also demonstrated an excellent hepatic clearance. 64Cu-9E7.4-p-SCN-Bn-TE1PA displayed an overall superiority compared to 64Cu-9E7.4-NHS-DOTA and 64Cu-9E7.4-p-SCN-Bn-NOTA in terms of in vivo stability, reinforcing the usefulness of the p-SCN-Bn-TE1PA ligand for 64Cu immuno-PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Navarro
- CRCINA, INSERM 1232-CNRS ERL 6001, University of Angers, University of Nantes , 8 quai Moncousu , 44007 Nantes , France.,University Hospital , 44000 Nantes , France
| | - Thomas Le Bihan
- Univ Brest , UMR-CNRS CEMCA 6521, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu , 29200 Brest , France
| | - Patricia Le Saëc
- CRCINA, INSERM 1232-CNRS ERL 6001, University of Angers, University of Nantes , 8 quai Moncousu , 44007 Nantes , France
| | - Nathalie Le Bris
- Univ Brest , UMR-CNRS CEMCA 6521, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu , 29200 Brest , France
| | - Clément Bailly
- CRCINA, INSERM 1232-CNRS ERL 6001, University of Angers, University of Nantes , 8 quai Moncousu , 44007 Nantes , France.,University Hospital , 44000 Nantes , France
| | - Catherine Saï-Maurel
- CRCINA, INSERM 1232-CNRS ERL 6001, University of Angers, University of Nantes , 8 quai Moncousu , 44007 Nantes , France.,University Hospital , 44000 Nantes , France
| | - Mickaël Bourgeois
- CRCINA, INSERM 1232-CNRS ERL 6001, University of Angers, University of Nantes , 8 quai Moncousu , 44007 Nantes , France.,University Hospital , 44000 Nantes , France.,Cyclotron ARRONAX , 1 rue ARONNAX, CS 10112 , 44817 Saint-Herblain , France
| | - Michel Chérel
- CRCINA, INSERM 1232-CNRS ERL 6001, University of Angers, University of Nantes , 8 quai Moncousu , 44007 Nantes , France.,Cyclotron ARRONAX , 1 rue ARONNAX, CS 10112 , 44817 Saint-Herblain , France.,Nuclear Medicine , ICO Cancer Center , Boulevard Jacques Monod , 44805 Saint-Herblain , France
| | - Raphaël Tripier
- Univ Brest , UMR-CNRS CEMCA 6521, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu , 29200 Brest , France
| | - Alain Faivre-Chauvet
- CRCINA, INSERM 1232-CNRS ERL 6001, University of Angers, University of Nantes , 8 quai Moncousu , 44007 Nantes , France.,University Hospital , 44000 Nantes , France
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20
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Molecular Design of HER3-Targeting Affibody Molecules: Influence of Chelator and Presence of HEHEHE-Tag on Biodistribution of 68Ga-Labeled Tracers. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051080. [PMID: 30832342 PMCID: PMC6429182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Affibody-based imaging of HER3 is a promising approach for patient stratification. We investigated the influence of a hydrophilic HEHEHE-tag ((HE)3-tag) and two different gallium-68/chelator-complexes on the biodistribution of Z08698 with the aim to improve the tracer for PET imaging. Affibody molecules (HE)3-Z08698-X and Z08698-X (X = NOTA, NODAGA) were produced and labeled with gallium-68. Binding specificity and cellular processing were studied in HER3-expressing human cancer cell lines BxPC-3 and DU145. Biodistribution was studied 3 h p.i. in Balb/c nu/nu mice bearing BxPC-3 xenografts. Mice were imaged 3 h p.i. using microPET/CT. Conjugates were stably labeled with gallium-68 and bound specifically to HER3 in vitro and in vivo. Association to cells was rapid but internalization was slow. Uptake in tissues, including tumors, was lower for (HE)3-Z08698-X than for non-tagged variants. The neutral [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA complex reduced the hepatic uptake of Z08698 compared to positively charged [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-conjugated variants. The influence of the chelator was more pronounced in variants without (HE)3-tag. In conclusion, hydrophilic (HE)3-tag and neutral charge of the [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA complex promoted blood clearance and lowered hepatic uptake of Z08698. [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-Z08698-NODAGA was considered most promising, providing the lowest blood and hepatic uptake and the best imaging contrast among the tested variants.
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21
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Rinne SS, Leitao CD, Mitran B, Bass TZ, Andersson KG, Tolmachev V, Ståhl S, Löfblom J, Orlova A. Optimization of HER3 expression imaging using affibody molecules: Influence of chelator for labeling with indium-111. Sci Rep 2019; 9:655. [PMID: 30679757 PMCID: PMC6345776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36827-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide molecular imaging of human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) expression using affibody molecules could be used for patient stratification for HER3-targeted cancer therapeutics. We hypothesized that the properties of HER3-targeting affibody molecules might be improved through modification of the radiometal-chelator complex. Macrocyclic chelators NOTA (1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N''-triacetic acid), NODAGA (1-(1,3-carboxypropyl)-4,7-carboxymethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane), DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid), and DOTAGA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododececane,1-(glutaric acid)-4,7,10-triacetic acid) were conjugated to the C-terminus of anti-HER3 affibody molecule Z08698 and conjugates were labeled with indium-111. All conjugates bound specifically and with picomolar affinity to HER3 in vitro. In mice bearing HER3-expressing xenografts, no significant difference in tumor uptake between the conjugates was observed. Presence of the negatively charged 111In-DOTAGA-complex resulted in the lowest hepatic uptake and the highest tumor-to-liver ratio. In conclusion, the choice of chelator influences the biodistribution of indium-111 labeled anti-HER3 affibody molecules. Hepatic uptake of anti-HER3 affibody molecules could be reduced by the increase of negative charge of the radiometal-chelator complex on the C-terminus without significantly influencing the tumor uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charles Dahlsson Leitao
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bogdan Mitran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tarek Z Bass
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ken G Andersson
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Ståhl
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Löfblom
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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22
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Preliminary PET/CT Imaging with Somatostatin Analogs [ 68Ga]DOTAGA-TATE and [ 68Ga]DOTAGA-TOC. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 19:878-884. [PMID: 28349291 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-017-1072-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Somatostatin receptor positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography (SSTR-PET/CT) is a well-established technique for staging and detection of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Ga-68-labeled DOTA-conjugated octreotide analogs are the privileged radiotracers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of NETs. Hence, we were interested in assessing the influence of promising, newer variant DOTAGA on the hydrophilicity, pharmacokinetics, and lesion pick-up of somatostatin analogs. Herein, the potential of ([68Ga]DOTAGA, Tyr3, Thr8) octreotide ([68Ga]DOTAGA-TATE) and ([68Ga]DOTAGA, Tyr3) octreotide ([68Ga]DOTAGA-TOC) as NET imaging agents has been investigated. PROCEDURES Amenability of [68Ga]DOTAGA-(TATE/TOC) to kit-type formulation has been demonstrated. Biodistribution studies were carried out in normal rats at 1 h post-injection (p.i.). [68Ga]DOTAGA-(TATE/TOC) PET/CT scans were carried out in patients (70-170 MBq, 1 h p.i.) with histologically confirmed well-differentiated NETs. RESULTS [68Ga]DOTAGA-TATE exhibited hydrophilicity similar to [68Ga]DOTA-TATE (log P = -3.51 vs -3.69) whereas [68Ga]DOTAGA-TOC was more hydrophilic than [68Ga]DOTA-TOC (log P = -3.27 vs -2.93). [68Ga]DOTAGA-TATE and [68Ga]DOTA-TATE showed almost identical blood and kidney uptake in normal rats whereas significantly fast clearance (p < 0.05) of [68Ga]DOTAGA-TATE was observed from other non-specific organs (liver, lungs, spleen, intestine). [68Ga]DOTAGA-TOC also demonstrated rapid clearance from blood and kidneys (p < 0.05) in comparison to [68Ga]DOTA-TOC. The metastatic lesions in NET patients were well identified by [68Ga]DOTAGA-TATE and [68Ga]DOTAGA-TOC. CONCLUSION The phenomenal analogy was observed between [68Ga]DOTAGA-TATE and [68Ga]DOTA-TATE as well as between [68Ga]DOTAGA-TOC and [68Ga]DOTA-TOC in biodistribution studies in rats. The good lesion detection ability of the two radiotracers indicates their potential as NET imaging radiotracers.
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23
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Lindbo S, Garousi J, Mitran B, Vorobyeva A, Oroujeni M, Orlova A, Hober S, Tolmachev V. Optimized Molecular Design of ADAPT-Based HER2-Imaging Probes Labeled with 111In and 68Ga. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2674-2683. [PMID: 29865791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Radionuclide molecular imaging is a promising tool for visualization of cancer associated molecular abnormalities in vivo and stratification of patients for specific therapies. ADAPT is a new type of small engineered proteins based on the scaffold of an albumin binding domain of protein G. ADAPTs have been utilized to select and develop high affinity binders to different proteinaceous targets. ADAPT6 binds to human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) with low nanomolar affinity and can be used for its in vivo visualization. Molecular design of 111In-labeled anti-HER2 ADAPT has been optimized in several earlier studies. In this study, we made a direct comparison of two of the most promising variants, having either a DEAVDANS or a (HE)3DANS sequence at the N-terminus, conjugated with a maleimido derivative of DOTA to a GSSC amino acids sequence at the C-terminus. The variants (designated DOTA-C59-DEAVDANS-ADAPT6-GSSC and DOTA-C61-(HE)3DANS-ADAPT6-GSSC) were stably labeled with 111In for SPECT and 68Ga for PET. Biodistribution of labeled ADAPT variants was evaluated in nude mice bearing human tumor xenografts with different levels of HER2 expression. Both variants enabled clear discrimination between tumors with high and low levels of HER2 expression. 111In-labeled ADAPT6 derivatives provided higher tumor-to-organ ratios compared to 68Ga-labeled counterparts. The best performing variant was DOTA-C61-(HE)3DANS-ADAPT6-GSSC, which provided tumor-to-blood ratios of 208 ± 36 and 109 ± 17 at 3 h for 111In and 68Ga labels, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lindbo
- School of Engineering in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH) , Division of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology , Uppsala University , 751 85 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Bogdan Mitran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Uppsala University , 751 23 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology , Uppsala University , 751 85 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Maryam Oroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology , Uppsala University , 751 85 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Uppsala University , 751 23 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Sophia Hober
- School of Engineering in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH) , Division of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology , Uppsala University , 751 85 Uppsala , Sweden
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24
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Tolmachev V, Grönroos TJ, Yim CB, Garousi J, Yue Y, Grimm S, Rajander J, Perols A, Haaparanta-Solin M, Solin O, Ferdani R, Orlova A, Anderson CJ, Karlström AE. Molecular design of radiocopper-labelled Affibody molecules. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6542. [PMID: 29695813 PMCID: PMC5916907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24785-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of long-lived positron emitters 64Cu or 61Cu for labelling of Affibody molecules may improve breast cancer patients’ stratification for HER-targeted therapy. Previous animal studies have shown that the use of triaza chelators for 64Cu labelling of synthetic Affibody molecules is suboptimal. In this study, we tested a hypothesis that the use of cross-bridged chelator, CB-TE2A, in combination with Gly-Glu-Glu-Glu spacer for labelling of Affibody molecules with radiocopper would improve imaging contrast. CB-TE2A was coupled to the N-terminus of synthetic Affibody molecules extended either with a glycine (designation CB-TE2A-G-ZHER2:342) or Gly-Glu-Glu-Glu spacer (CB-TE2A-GEEE-ZHER2:342). Biodistribution and targeting properties of 64Cu-CB-TE2A-G-ZHER2:342 and 64Cu-CB-TE2A-GEEE-ZHER2:342 were compared in tumor-bearing mice with the properties of 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1, which had the best targeting properties in the previous study. 64Cu-CB-TE2A-GEEE-ZHER2:342 provided appreciably lower uptake in normal tissues and higher tumor-to-organ ratios than 64Cu-CB-TE2A-G-ZHER2:342 and 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1. The most pronounced was a several-fold difference in the hepatic uptake. At the optimal time point, 6 h after injection, the tumor uptake of 64Cu-CB-TE2A-GEEE-ZHER2:342 was 16 ± 6%ID/g and tumor-to-blood ratio was 181 ± 52. In conclusion, a combination of the cross-bridged CB-TE2A chelator and Gly-Glu-Glu-Glu spacer is preferable for radiocopper labelling of Affibody molecules and, possibly, other scaffold proteins having high renal re-absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Tove J Grönroos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Cheng-Bin Yim
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Grimm
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Rajander
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Perols
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Merja Haaparanta-Solin
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olof Solin
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carolyn J Anderson
- Departments of Medicine, Radiology, Bioengineering and Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
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25
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Garousi J, Lindbo S, Mitran B, Buijs J, Vorobyeva A, Orlova A, Tolmachev V, Hober S. Comparative evaluation of tumor targeting using the anti-HER2 ADAPT scaffold protein labeled at the C-terminus with indium-111 or technetium-99m. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14780. [PMID: 29116215 PMCID: PMC5676751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15366-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
ABD-Derived Affinity Proteins (ADAPTs) is a novel class of engineered scaffold proteins derived from an albumin-binding domain of protein G. The use of ADAPT6 derivatives as targeting moiety have provided excellent preclinical radionuclide imaging of human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) tumor xenografts. Previous studies have demonstrated that selection of nuclide and chelator for its conjugation has an appreciable effect on imaging properties of scaffold proteins. In this study we performed a comparative evaluation of the anti-HER2 ADAPT having an aspartate-glutamate-alanine-valine-aspartate-alanine-asparagine-serine (DEAVDANS) N-terminal sequence and labeled at C-terminus with 99mTc using a cysteine-containing peptide based chelator, glycine-serine-serine-cysteine (GSSC), and a similar variant labeled with 111In using a maleimido derivative of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelator. Both 99mTc-DEAVDANS-ADAPT6-GSSC and 111In-DEAVDANS-ADAPT6-GSSC-DOTA accumulated specifically in HER2-expressing SKOV3 xenografts. The tumor uptake of both variants did not differ significantly and average values were in the range of 19–21%ID/g. However, there was an appreciable variation in uptake of conjugates in normal tissues that resulted in a notable difference in the tumor-to-organ ratios. The 111In-DOTA label provided 2–6 fold higher tumor-to-organ ratios than 99mTc-GSSC and is therefore the preferable label for ADAPTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Garousi
- Institute for Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sarah Lindbo
- School of Biotechnology, Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bogdan Mitran
- Division of Molecular Imaging, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jos Buijs
- Institute for Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Institute for Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Orlova
- Division of Molecular Imaging, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Institute for Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sophia Hober
- School of Biotechnology, Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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Goux M, Becker G, Gorré H, Dammicco S, Desselle A, Egrise D, Leroi N, Lallemand F, Bahri MA, Doumont G, Plenevaux A, Cinier M, Luxen A. Nanofitin as a New Molecular-Imaging Agent for the Diagnosis of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Over-Expressing Tumors. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2361-2371. [PMID: 28825794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR) is involved in cell growth and proliferation and is over-expressed in malignant tissues. Although anti-EGFR-based immunotherapy became a standard of care for patients with EGFR-positive tumors, this strategy of addressing cancer tumors by targeting EGFR with monoclonal antibodies is less-developed for patient diagnostic and monitoring. Indeed, antibodies exhibit a slow blood clearance, which is detrimental for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. New molecular probes are proposed to overcome such limitations for patient monitoring, making use of low-molecular-weight protein scaffolds as alternatives to antibodies, such as Nanofitins with better pharmacokinetic profiles. Anti-EGFR Nanofitin B10 was reformatted by genetic engineering to exhibit a unique cysteine moiety at its C-terminus, which allows the development of a fast and site-specific radiolabeling procedure with 18F-4-fluorobenzamido-N-ethylamino-maleimide (18F-FBEM). The in vivo tumor targeting and imaging profile of the anti-EGFR Cys-B10 Nanofitin was investigated in a double-tumor xenograft model by static small-animal PET at 2 h after tail-vein injection of the radiolabeled Nanofitin 18F-FBEM-Cys-B10. The image showed that the EGFR-positive tumor (A431) is clearly delineated in comparison to the EGFR-negative tumor (H520) with a significant tumor-to-background contrast. 18F-FBEM-Cys-B10 demonstrated a significantly higher retention in A431 tumors than in H520 tumors at 2.5 h post-injection with a A431-to-H520 uptake ratio of 2.53 ± 0.18 and a tumor-to-blood ratio of 4.55 ± 0.63. This study provides the first report of Nanofitin scaffold used as a targeted PET radiotracer for in vivo imaging of EGFR-positive tumor, with the anti-EGFR B10 Nanofitin used as proof-of-concept. The fast generation of specific Nanofitins via a fully in vitro selection process, together with the excellent imaging features of the Nanofitin scaffold, could facilitate the development of valuable PET-based companion diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harmony Gorré
- Affilogic SAS , 21 rue La Noue Bras de Fer, 44200 Nantes, France
| | | | - Ariane Desselle
- Affilogic SAS , 21 rue La Noue Bras de Fer, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Egrise
- Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles , 8 Rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium.,Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natacha Leroi
- GIGA-Cancer, Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, University of Liège , Avenue de l'Hopital, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Gilles Doumont
- Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles , 8 Rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Mathieu Cinier
- Affilogic SAS , 21 rue La Noue Bras de Fer, 44200 Nantes, France
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Davies G, Rolle AM, Maurer A, Spycher PR, Schillinger C, Solouk-Saran D, Hasenberg M, Weski J, Fonslet J, Dubois A, Boschetti F, Denat F, Gunzer M, Eichner M, Ryder LS, Jensen M, Schibli R, Pichler BJ, Wiehr S, Thornton CR. Towards Translational ImmunoPET/MR Imaging of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Humanised Monoclonal Antibody JF5 Detects Aspergillus Lung Infections In Vivo. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:3398-3414. [PMID: 28912884 PMCID: PMC5596432 DOI: 10.7150/thno.20919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a life-threatening lung disease of hematological malignancy or bone marrow transplant patients caused by the ubiquitous environmental fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Current diagnostic tests for the disease lack sensitivity as well as specificity, and culture of the fungus from invasive lung biopsy, considered the gold standard for IPA detection, is slow and often not possible in critically ill patients. In a previous study, we reported the development of a novel non-invasive procedure for IPA diagnosis based on antibody-guided positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (immunoPET/MRI) using a [64Cu]DOTA-labeled mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb), mJF5, specific to Aspergillus. To enable translation of the tracer to the clinical setting, we report here the development of a humanised version of the antibody (hJF5), and pre-clinical imaging of lung infection using a [64Cu]NODAGA-hJF5 tracer. The humanised antibody tracer shows a significant increase in in vivo biodistribution in A. fumigatus infected lungs compared to its radiolabeled murine counterpart [64Cu]NODAGA-mJF5. Using reverse genetics of the pathogen, we show that the antibody binds to the antigenic determinant β1,5-galactofuranose (Galf) present in a diagnostic mannoprotein antigen released by the pathogen during invasive growth in the lung. The absence of the epitope Galf in mammalian carbohydrates, coupled with the enhanced imaging capabilities of the hJF5 antibody, means that the [64Cu]NODAGA-hJF5 tracer developed here represents an ideal candidate for the diagnosis of IPA and translation to the clinical setting.
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28
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Cleeren F, Lecina J, Ahamed M, Raes G, Devoogdt N, Caveliers V, McQuade P, Rubins DJ, Li W, Verbruggen A, Xavier C, Bormans G. Al 18F-Labeling Of Heat-Sensitive Biomolecules for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging. Theranostics 2017; 7:2924-2939. [PMID: 28824726 PMCID: PMC5562226 DOI: 10.7150/thno.20094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) using radiolabeled biomolecules is a translational molecular imaging technology that is increasingly used in support of drug development. Current methods for radiolabeling biomolecules with fluorine-18 are laborious and require multistep procedures with moderate labeling yields. The Al18F-labeling strategy involves chelation in aqueous medium of aluminum mono[18F]fluoride ({Al18F}2+) by a suitable chelator conjugated to a biomolecule. However, the need for elevated temperatures (100-120 °C) required for the chelation reaction limits its widespread use. Therefore, we designed a new restrained complexing agent (RESCA) for application of the AlF strategy at room temperature. Methods. The new chelator RESCA was conjugated to three relevant biologicals and the constructs were labeled with {Al18F}2+ to evaluate the generic applicability of the one-step Al18F-RESCA-method. Results. We successfully labeled human serum albumin with excellent radiochemical yields in less than 30 minutes and confirmed in vivo stability of the Al18F-labeled protein in rats. In addition, we efficiently labeled nanobodies targeting the Kupffer cell marker CRIg, and performed µPET studies in healthy and CRIg deficient mice to demonstrate that the proposed radiolabeling method does not affect the functional integrity of the protein. Finally, an affibody targeting HER2 (PEP04314) was labeled site-specifically, and the distribution profile of (±)-[18F]AlF(RESCA)-PEP04314 in a rhesus monkey was compared with that of [18F]AlF(NOTA)-PEP04314 using whole-body PET/CT. Conclusion. This generic radiolabeling method has the potential to be a kit-based fluorine-18 labeling strategy, and could have a large impact on PET radiochemical space, potentially enabling the development of many new fluorine-18 labeled protein-based radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Cleeren
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joan Lecina
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Muneer Ahamed
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- VIB Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vicky Caveliers
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul McQuade
- Translational Biomarkers, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Daniel J Rubins
- Translational Biomarkers, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Wenping Li
- Translational Biomarkers, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Alfons Verbruggen
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Catarina Xavier
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guy Bormans
- Laboratory for Radiopharmaceutical research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Altai M, Westerlund K, Velletta J, Mitran B, Honarvar H, Karlström AE. Evaluation of affibody molecule-based PNA-mediated radionuclide pretargeting: Development of an optimized conjugation protocol and 177Lu labeling. Nucl Med Biol 2017; 54:1-9. [PMID: 28810153 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have previously developed a pretargeting approach for affibody-mediated cancer therapy based on PNA-PNA hybridization. In this article we have further developed this approach by optimizing the production of the primary agent, ZHER2:342-SR-HP1, and labeling the secondary agent, HP2, with the therapeutic radionuclide 177Lu. We also studied the biodistribution profile of 177Lu-HP2 in mice, and evaluated pretargeting with 177Lu-HP2 in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The biodistribution profile of 177Lu-HP2 was evaluated in NMRI mice and compared to the previously studied 111In-HP2. Pretargeting using 177Lu-HP2 was studied in vitro using the HER2-expressing cell lines BT-474 and SKOV-3, and in vivo in mice bearing SKOV-3 xenografts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Using an optimized production protocol for ZHER2:342-SR-HP1 the ligation time was reduced from 15h to 30min, and the yield increased from 45% to 70%. 177Lu-labeled HP2 binds specifically in vitro to BT474 and SKOV-3 cells pre-treated with ZHER2:342-SR-HP1. 177Lu-HP2 was shown to have a more rapid blood clearance compared to 111In-HP2 in NMRI mice, and the measured radioactivity in blood was 0.22±0.1 and 0.68±0.07%ID/g for 177Lu- and 111In-HP2, respectively, at 1h p.i. In contrast, no significant difference in kidney uptake was observed (4.47±1.17 and 3.94±0.58%ID/g for 177Lu- and 111In-HP2, respectively, at 1h p.i.). Co-injection with either Gelofusine or lysine significantly reduced the kidney uptake for 177Lu-HP2 (1.0±0.1 and 1.6±0.2, respectively, vs. 2.97±0.87%ID/g in controls at 4h p.i.). 177Lu-HP2 accumulated in SKOV-3 xenografts in BALB/C nu/nu mice when administered after injection of ZHER2:342-SR-HP1. Without pre-injection of ZHER2:342-SR-HP1, the uptake of 177Lu-HP2 was about 90-fold lower in tumor (0.23±0.08 vs. 20.7±3.5%ID/g). The tumor-to-kidney radioactivity accumulation ratio was almost 5-fold higher in the group of mice pre-injected with ZHER2:342-SR-HP1. In conclusion, 177Lu-HP2 was shown to be a promising secondary agent for affibody-mediated tumor pretargeting in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Altai
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristina Westerlund
- Division of Protein Technology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Justin Velletta
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bogdan Mitran
- Division of Molecular Imaging, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hadis Honarvar
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amelie Eriksson Karlström
- Division of Protein Technology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Ståhl S, Gräslund T, Eriksson Karlström A, Frejd FY, Nygren PÅ, Löfblom J. Affibody Molecules in Biotechnological and Medical Applications. Trends Biotechnol 2017; 35:691-712. [PMID: 28514998 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Affibody molecules are small (6.5-kDa) affinity proteins based on a three-helix bundle domain framework. Since their introduction 20 years ago as an alternative to antibodies for biotechnological applications, the first therapeutic affibody molecules have now entered clinical development and more than 400 studies have been published in which affibody molecules have been developed and used in a variety of contexts. In this review, we focus primarily on efforts over the past 5 years to explore the potential of affibody molecules for medical applications in oncology, neurodegenerative, and inflammation disorders, including molecular imaging, receptor signal blocking, and delivery of toxic payloads. In addition, we describe recent examples of biotechnological applications, in which affibody molecules have been exploited as modular affinity fusion partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ståhl
- Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Fredrik Y Frejd
- Unit of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Affibody AB, Gunnar Asplunds Allé 24, SE-171 69 Solna, Sweden
| | - Per-Åke Nygren
- Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Löfblom
- Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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Xu Y, Bai Z, Huang Q, Pan Y, Pan D, Wang L, Yan J, Wang X, Yang R, Yang M. PET of HER2 Expression with a Novel 18FAl Labeled Affibody. J Cancer 2017; 8:1170-1178. [PMID: 28607591 PMCID: PMC5463431 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) is abundant in a wide variety of tumors and associated with the poor prognosis. Radiolabeled affibodies are potential candidates for detecting HER2-positive lesions. However, laborious multiple-step synthetic procedure and high abdomen background may hinder the widespread use. Herein, cysteinylated ZHER2:342 modified with a new hydrophilic linker (denoted as MZHER2:342) was designed and labeled using 18FAl-NOTA strategies. The biologic efficacy of the novel tracer and its feasibilities for in vivo monitoring HER2 levels were also investigated in xenograft models with different HER2 expressions. Method: MZHER2:342 was conjugated with MAL-NOTA under standard reaction conditions. The affibody molecule was then radiolabeled with 18FAl complex. The binding specificity of the tracer, 18FAl-NOTA-MAL-MZHER2:342, with HER2 was primarily characterized via in vitro studies. MicroPET imaging were performed in nude mice bearing tumors (SKOV-3, JIMT-1 and MCF-7) after injection. The HER2 levels of xenografts were determined using Western blotting analysis. Results:18FAl-NOTA-MAL-MZHER2:342 can be efficiently produced within 30 min with a non-decaycorrected yield of about 10% and a radiochemical purity of more than 95%. In vitro experiments revealed that the modified affibody retained the specific affinity to HER2. PET imaging showed that SKOV-3 and JIMT-1 xenografts were clearly visualized with excellent contrast and low abdomen backgrounds. On the contrary, the signals of MCF-7 tumor were difficult to visualize. The ROI values ranged from16.54±2.69% ID/g for SKOV-3 to 8.42±1.20 %ID/g for JIMT-1 tumors at 1h postinjection respectively. Poor uptake was observed from MCF-7 tumors with 1.71±0.34% ID/g at the same time point. Besides, a significant linear correlation between % ID/g values and relative HER2 expression levels was also found. Conclusions:18FAl-NOTA-MAL-MZHER2:342 is a promising tracer for in vivo detecting HER2 status with the advantages of facile synthesis and favorable pharmacokinetics. It may be useful in differential diagnosis, molecularly targeted therapy and prognosis of the cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.,Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Zhicheng Bai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Qianhuan Huang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yunyun Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Runlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
| | - Min Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.,Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214063, China
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Comparative Evaluation of Anti-HER2 Affibody Molecules Labeled with 64Cu Using NOTA and NODAGA. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:8565802. [PMID: 29097939 PMCID: PMC5612711 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8565802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Imaging using affibody molecules enables discrimination between breast cancer metastases with high and low expression of HER2, making appropriate therapy selection possible. This study aimed to evaluate if the longer half-life of 64Cu (T1/2 = 12.7 h) would make 64Cu a superior nuclide compared to 68Ga for PET imaging of HER2 expression using affibody molecules. The synthetic ZHER2:S1 affibody molecule was conjugated with the chelators NOTA or NODAGA and labeled with 64Cu. The tumor-targeting properties of 64Cu-NOTA-ZHER2:S1 and 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1 were evaluated and compared with the targeting properties of 68Ga-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1 in mice. Both 64Cu-NOTA-ZHER2:S1 and 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1 demonstrated specific targeting of HER2-expressing xenografts. At 2 h after injection of 64Cu-NOTA-ZHER2:S1, 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1, and 68Ga-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1, tumor uptakes did not differ significantly. Renal uptake of 64Cu-labeled conjugates was dramatically reduced at 6 and 24 h after injection. Notably, radioactivity uptake concomitantly increased in blood, lung, liver, spleen, and intestines, which resulted in decreased tumor-to-organ ratios compared to 2 h postinjection. Organ uptake was lower for 64Cu-NODAGA-ZHER2:S1. The most probable explanation for this biodistribution pattern was the release and redistribution of renal radiometabolites. In conclusion, monoamide derivatives of NOTA and NODAGA may be suboptimal chelators for radiocopper labeling of anti-HER2 affibody molecules and, possibly, other scaffold proteins with high renal uptake.
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Garousi J, Lindbo S, Honarvar H, Velletta J, Mitran B, Altai M, Orlova A, Tolmachev V, Hober S. Influence of the N-Terminal Composition on Targeting Properties of Radiometal-Labeled Anti-HER2 Scaffold Protein ADAPT6. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2678-2688. [PMID: 27740752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radionuclide-imaging-based stratification of patients to targeted therapies makes cancer treatment more personalized and therefore more efficient. Albumin-binding domain derived affinity proteins (ADAPTs) constitute a novel group of imaging probes based on the scaffold of an albumin-binding domain (ABD). To evaluate how different compositions of the N-terminal sequence of ADAPTs influence their biodistribution, a series of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-binding ADAPT6 derivatives with different N-terminal sequences were created: GCH6DANS (2), GC(HE)3DANS (3), GCDEAVDANS (4), and GCVDANS(5). These were compared with the parental variant: GCSS(HE)3DEAVDANS (1). All variants were site-specifically conjugated with a maleimido-derivative of a DOTA chelator and labeled with 111In. Binding to HER2-expressing cells in vitro, in vivo biodistribution as well as targeting properties of the new variants were compared with properties of the 111In-labeled parental ADAPT variant 1 (111In-DOTA-1). The composition of the N-terminal sequence had an apparent influence on biodistribution of ADAPT6 in mice. The use of a hexahistidine tag in 111In-DOTA-2 was associated with elevated hepatic uptake compared to the (HE)3-containing counterpart, 111In-DOTA-3. All new variants without a hexahistidine tag demonstrated lower uptake in blood, lung, spleen, and muscle compared to uptake in the parental variant. The best new variants, 111In-DOTA-3 and 111In-DOTA-5, provided tumor uptakes of 14.6 ± 2.4 and 12.5 ± 1.3% ID/g at 4 h after injection, respectively. The tumor uptake of 111In-DOTA-3 was significantly higher than the uptake of the parental 111In-DOTA-1 (9.1 ± 2.0% ID/g). The tumor-to-blood ratios of 395 ± 75 and 419 ± 91 at 4 h after injection were obtained for 111In-DOTA-5 and 111In-DOTA-3, respectively. In conclusion, the N-terminal sequence composition affects the biodistribution and targeting properties of ADAPT-based imaging probes, and its optimization may improve imaging contrast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sarah Lindbo
- Department of Protein Technology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hadis Honarvar
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Justin Velletta
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bogdan Mitran
- Division of Molecular Imaging, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University , SE-75181 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mohamed Altai
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Orlova
- Division of Molecular Imaging, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University , SE-75181 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University , SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sophia Hober
- Department of Protein Technology, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Honarvar H, Müller C, Cohrs S, Haller S, Westerlund K, Karlström AE, van der Meulen NP, Schibli R, Tolmachev V. Evaluation of the first 44Sc-labeled Affibody molecule for imaging of HER2-expressing tumors. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 45:15-21. [PMID: 27837664 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Affibody molecules are small (58 amino acids) high-affinity proteins based on a tri-helix non-immunoglobulin scaffold. A clinical study has demonstrated that PET imaging using Affibody molecules labeled with 68Ga (T½=68min) can visualize metastases of breast cancer expressing human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) and provide discrimination between tumors with high and low expression level. This may help to identify breast cancer patients benefiting from HER2-targeting therapies. The best discrimination was at 4h post injection. Due to longer half-life, a positron-emitting radionuclide 44Sc (T½=4.04h) might be a preferable label for Affibody molecules for imaging at several hours after injection. METHODS A synthetic second-generation anti-HER2 Affibody molecule ZHER2:2891 was labeled with 44Sc via a DOTA-chelator conjugated to the N-terminal amino group. Binding specificity, affinity and cellular processing 44Sc-DOTA-ZHER2:2891 and 68Ga-DOTA-ZHER2:2891 were compared in vitro using HER2-expressing cells. Biodistribution and imaging properties of 44Sc-DOTA-ZHER2:2891 and 68Ga-DOTA-ZHER2:2891 were evaluated in Balb/c nude mice bearing HER2-expression xenografts. RESULTS The labeling yield of 98±2% and specific activity of 7.8GBq/μmol were obtained. The conjugate demonstrated specific binding to HER2-expressing SKOV3.ip cells in vitro and to SKOV3.ip xenografts in nude mice. The distribution of radioactivity at 3h post injection was similar for 44Sc-DOTA-ZHER2:2891 and 68Ga-DOTA-ZHER2:2891, but the blood clearance of the 44Sc-labeled variant was slower and the tumor-to-blood ratio was reduced (15±2 for 44Sc-DOTA-ZHER2:2891 vs 46±9 for 68Ga-DOTA-ZHER2:2891). At 6h after injection of 44Sc-DOTA-ZHER2:2891 the tumor uptake was 8±2% IA/g and the tumor-to-blood ratio was 51±8. Imaging using small-animal PET/CT demonstrated that 44Sc-DOTA-ZHER2:2891 provides specific and high-contrast imaging of HER2-expressing xenografts. CONCLUSION The 44Sc- DOTA-ZHER2:2891 Affibody molecule is a promising probe for imaging of HER2-expression in malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Honarvar
- Institute for Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.
| | - Susan Cohrs
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Haller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Westerlund
- Division of Protein Technology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amelie Eriksson Karlström
- Division of Protein Technology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas P van der Meulen
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Institute for Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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