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Xin J, Lu X, Cao J, Wu W, Liu Q, Wang D, Zhou X, Ding D. Fluorinated Organic Polymers for Cancer Drug Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2404645. [PMID: 38678386 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of cancer therapy, the spotlight is on nanoscale pharmaceutical delivery systems, especially polymer-based nanoparticles, for their enhanced drug dissolution, extended presence in the bloodstream, and precision targeting achieved via surface engineering. Leveraging the amplified permeation and retention phenomenon, these systems concentrate therapeutic agents within tumor tissues. Nonetheless, the hurdles of systemic toxicity, biological barriers, and compatibility with living systems persist. Fluorinated polymers, distinguished by their chemical idiosyncrasies, are poised for extensive biomedical applications, notably in stabilizing drug metabolism, augmenting lipophilicity, and optimizing bioavailability. Material science heralds the advent of fluorinated polymers that, by integrating fluorine atoms, unveil a suite of drug delivery merits: the hydrophobic traits of fluorinated alkyl chains ward off lipid or protein disruption, the carbon-fluorine bond's stability extends the drug's lifecycle in the system, and a lower alkalinity coupled with a diminished ionic charge bolsters the drug's ability to traverse cellular membranes. This comprehensive review delves into the utilization of fluorinated polymers for oncological pharmacotherapy, elucidating their molecular architecture, synthetic pathways, and functional attributes, alongside an exploration of their empirical strengths and the quandaries they encounter in both experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Xin
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Weihui Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Deping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, and First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen, Futian), and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Cai JH, Zhu XZ, Guo PY, Rose P, Liu XT, Liu X, Zhu YZ. Recent updates in click and computational chemistry for drug discovery and development. Front Chem 2023; 11:1114970. [PMID: 36825226 PMCID: PMC9941707 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1114970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug discovery is a costly and time-consuming process with a very high failure rate. Recently, click chemistry and computer-aided drug design (CADD) represent popular areas for new drug development. Herein, we summarized the recent updates in click and computational chemistry for drug discovery and development including clicking to effectively synthesize druggable candidates, synthesis and modification of natural products, targeted delivery systems, and computer-aided drug discovery for target identification, seeking out and optimizing lead compounds, ADMET prediction as well as compounds synthesis, hopefully, inspires new ideas for novel drug development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Hong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xuan Zhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Peng Yue Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Rose
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Yi Zhun Zhu,
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3
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Chen Z, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Huang S, Zhang Z, Feng X, Zeng L, Lin D, Wang L, Song H. Hypoxia-ameliorated photothermal manganese dioxide nanoplatform for reversing doxorubicin resistance. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1133011. [PMID: 36909187 PMCID: PMC9998484 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1133011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a huge hurdle in tumor therapy. Tumor hypoxia contributes to chemotherapy resistance by inducing the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway. To reduce tumor hypoxia, novel approaches have been devised, providing significant importance to reverse therapeutic resistance and improve the effectiveness of antitumor therapies. Herein, the nanosystem of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-templated manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoparticles (BSA/MnO2 NPs) loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) (DOX-BSA/MnO2 NPs) developed in our previous report was further explored for their physicochemical properties and capacity to reverse DOX resistance because of their excellent photothermal and tumor microenvironment (TME) response effects. The DOX-BSA/MnO2 NPs showed good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. Meanwhile, DOX-BSA/MnO2 NPs could greatly affect DOX pharmacokinetic properties, with prolonged circulation time and reduced cardiotoxicity, besides enhancing accumulation at tumor sites. DOX-BSA/MnO2 NPs can interact with H2O2 and H+ in TME to form oxygen and exhibit excellent photothermal effect to further alleviate hypoxia due to MnO2, reversing DOX resistance by down-regulating HIF-1α expression and significantly improving the antitumor efficiency in DOX-resistant human breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7/ADR) tumor model. The hypoxia-ameliorated photothermal MnO2 platform is a promising strategy for revering DOX resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zaizhong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xianquan Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ding Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiaxing Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Lie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Song
- Department of Pharmacy, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
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4
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Fabrication, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of doxorubicin-coupled chitosan oligosaccharide nanoparticles. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Xue Y, Bai H, Peng B, Tieu T, Jiang J, Hao S, Li P, Richardson M, Baell J, Thissen H, Cifuentes A, Li L, Voelcker NH. Porous Silicon Nanocarriers with Stimulus-Cleavable Linkers for Effective Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200076. [PMID: 35306736 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) are widely utilized as drug carriers due to their excellent biocompatibility, large surface area, and versatile surface chemistry. However, the dispersion in pore size and biodegradability of pSiNPs arguably have hindered the application of pSiNPs for controlled drug release. Here, a step-changing solution to this problem is described involving the design, synthesis, and application of three different linker-drug conjugates comprising anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and different stimulus-cleavable linkers (SCLs) including the photocleavable linker (ortho-nitrobenzyl), pH-cleavable linker (hydrazone), and enzyme-cleavable linker (β-glucuronide). These SCL-DOX conjugates are covalently attached to the surface of pSiNP via copper (I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC, i.e., click reaction) to afford pSiNP-SCL-DOXs. The mass loading of the covalent conjugation approach for pSiNP-SCL-DOX reaches over 250 µg of DOX per mg of pSiNPs, which is notably twice the mass loading achieved by noncovalent loading. Moreover, the covalent conjugation between SCL-DOX and pSiNPs endows the pSiNPs with excellent stability and highly controlled release behavior. When tested in both in vitro and in vivo tumor models, the pSiNP-SCL-DOXs induces excellent tumor growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Xue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electrons Xi'an institute of Flexible Electrons (IFE) and Xi'an institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Monash institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electrons Xi'an institute of Flexible Electrons (IFE) and Xi'an institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electrons Xi'an institute of Flexible Electrons (IFE) and Xi'an institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Monash institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Terence Tieu
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Monash institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Jiamin Jiang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electrons Xi'an institute of Flexible Electrons (IFE) and Xi'an institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Shiping Hao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electrons Xi'an institute of Flexible Electrons (IFE) and Xi'an institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Panpan Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electrons Xi'an institute of Flexible Electrons (IFE) and Xi'an institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Mark Richardson
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Jonathan Baell
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Monash institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Helmut Thissen
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
| | - Anna Cifuentes
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Monash institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electrons Xi'an institute of Flexible Electrons (IFE) and Xi'an institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electrons Xi'an institute of Flexible Electrons (IFE) and Xi'an institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an 710072 China
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Monash institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
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Zhang C, Yan K, Fu C, Peng H, Hawker CJ, Whittaker AK. Biological Utility of Fluorinated Compounds: from Materials Design to Molecular Imaging, Therapeutics and Environmental Remediation. Chem Rev 2022; 122:167-208. [PMID: 34609131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The applications of fluorinated molecules in bioengineering and nanotechnology are expanding rapidly with the controlled introduction of fluorine being broadly studied due to the unique properties of C-F bonds. This review will focus on the design and utility of C-F containing materials in imaging, therapeutics, and environmental applications with a central theme being the importance of controlling fluorine-fluorine interactions and understanding how such interactions impact biological behavior. Low natural abundance of fluorine is shown to provide sensitivity and background advantages for imaging and detection of a variety of diseases with 19F magnetic resonance imaging, 18F positron emission tomography and ultrasound discussed as illustrative examples. The presence of C-F bonds can also be used to tailor membrane permeability and pharmacokinetic properties of drugs and delivery agents for enhanced cell uptake and therapeutics. A key message of this review is that while the promise of C-F containing materials is significant, a subset of highly fluorinated compounds such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), have been identified as posing a potential risk to human health. The unique properties of the C-F bond and the significant potential for fluorine-fluorine interactions in PFAS structures necessitate the development of new strategies for facile and efficient environmental removal and remediation. Recent progress in the development of fluorine-containing compounds as molecular imaging and therapeutic agents will be reviewed and their design features contrasted with environmental and health risks for PFAS systems. Finally, present challenges and future directions in the exploitation of the biological aspects of fluorinated systems will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kai Yan
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals and Functional Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hui Peng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig J Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Jiang B, Hao D, Li C, Lu S, Pei Q, Xie Z. Fluorinated paclitaxel prodrugs for potentiated stability and chemotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9971-9979. [PMID: 34871339 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Robust colloidal stability is an essential prerequisite for effective drug delivery. Herein, a series of fluorinated paclitaxel prodrugs bridged with redox-responsive linkages were synthesized, and the effect of fluorination on the assembly behavior and physiological stability was investigated. The 17-fluorinated ethanol-modified paclitaxel prodrug could self-assemble into stable nanoparticles without the addition of any surfactants. Fluorinated paclitaxel prodrug nanoparticles possessed potent cytotoxicity toward cancer cells and superior antitumor activity. This study offers a universal fluorination approach to improve drug delivery efficacy by enhancing the self-assembly capability and improving the colloidal stability of prodrugs for potentiating chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Dengyuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chaonan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shaojin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qing Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.
| | - Zhigang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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Uda RM, Yoshida N, Iwasaki T, Hayashi K. pH-triggered solubility and cytotoxicity changes of malachite green derivatives incorporated in liposomes for killing cancer cells. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:8242-8248. [PMID: 32794526 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01346c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Three different malachite green leuco derivatives (MG-Xs) are incorporated in liposomes. In all three cases, a substituent (X) is covalently linked to the central carbon atom, abbreviated as MG-OH, MG-OCH3, and MG-CN. The three MG-X compounds are solubilized separately in liposome membranes and become cationic (MG+) and water soluble under acidic conditions. MG+ is consequently released from the liposome to the aqueous exterior. Their release behavior corresponds to their ionization ability: MG-OH > MG-OCH3 > MG-CN. The cellular uptake of the liposomes, the cytotoxic effect, and the location of MG+ in cancer cells are investigated using murine cells derived from colon cancer (Colon 26 cells) and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293 cells). The toxic effect on cancer cells is correlated to the ionization ability of MG-Xs. The liposomes effectively deliver MG+via the endocytic pathway, resulting in the cytotoxicity of liposomes containing MG-OH which is higher than that of free MG-OH and MG+. The difference in the phospholipids constituting the liposome membranes barely had an effect on the ionization ratio and the cytotoxicity of MG-OH. Confocal fluorescence microscopic observations revealed that MG+ is ultimately transported into the nuclei after being released in acidic cellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko M Uda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, Yata 22, Yamato-koriyama, Nara 639-1080, Japan.
| | - Nao Yoshida
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, Yata 22, Yamato-koriyama, Nara 639-1080, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Iwasaki
- Division of Analytical Bio-medicine, Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Keita Hayashi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, Yata 22, Yamato-koriyama, Nara 639-1080, Japan.
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Biocompatible DNA/5-Fluorouracil-Gemini Surfactant-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles as Promising Vectors in Lung Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030423. [PMID: 33801142 PMCID: PMC8004209 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and preparation of novel nanocarriers to transport cancer drugs for chemotherapy purposes is an important line of research in the medical field. A new 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) transporter was designed based on the use of two new biocompatible gold nanosystems: (i) a gold nanoparticle precursor, Au@16-Ph-16, stabilized with the positively charged gemini surfactant 16-Ph-16, and (ii) the compacted nanocomplexes formed by the precursor and DNA/5-Fu complexes, Au@16-Ph-16/DNA-5-Fu. The physicochemical properties of the obtained nanosystems were studied by using UV-visible spectroscopy, TEM, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential techniques. Method tuning also requires the use of circular dichroism, atomic force microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques for the prior selection of the optimal relative Au@16-Ph-16 and DNA concentrations (R = CAu@16-Ph-16/CDNA), biopolymer compaction/decompaction, and 5-Fu release from the DNA/5-Fu complex. TEM experiments revealed the effective internalization of the both precursor and Au@16-Ph-16/DNA-5-Fu-compacted nanosystems into the cells. Moreover, cytotoxicity assays and internalization experiments using TEM and confocal microscopy showed that the new strategy for 5-Fu administration enhanced efficacy, biocompatibility and selectivity against lung cancer cells. The differential uptake among different formulations is discussed in terms of the physicochemical properties of the nanosystems.
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Lv J, Cheng Y. Fluoropolymers in biomedical applications: state-of-the-art and future perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5435-5467. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00258e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical applications of fluoropolymers in gene delivery, protein delivery, drug delivery, 19F MRI, PDT, anti-fouling, anti-bacterial, cell culture, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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11
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How to overcome the side effects of tumor immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110639. [PMID: 33658124 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cancer is increasing year by year. Cancer has become one of the health threats of modern people. Simply relying on the surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy, not only the survival rate is not high, but also the quality of life of patients is not much better. Fortunately, the emergence and rapid development of cancer immunotherapy have brought more and more exciting results. However, when scientists think it is possible to overcome cancer, they find that not all cancer patients can benefit from immunotherapy, that is to say, the overall efficiency of immunotherapy is not high. Drug resistance and side effects of immunotherapy cannot be ignored. In order to overcome these difficulties, scientists continue to improve the strategy of immunotherapy and find that combination therapy can effectively reduce the incidence of drug resistance. They also found that by reprogramming tumor blood vessels, activating ferroptosis, utilizing thioredoxin, FATP2 and other substances, the therapeutic effect can be improved and side effects can be alleviated. This article reviews the principles of immunotherapy, new strategies to overcome drug resistance of cancer immunotherapy, and how to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy and reduce side effects.
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Choi Y, Kim J, Yu S, Hong S. pH- and temperature-responsive radially porous silica nanoparticles with high-capacity drug loading for controlled drug delivery. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:335103. [PMID: 32369797 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab9043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The design of smart and functional nanocarriers for drug delivery systems that use a variety of organic and inorganic materials has led to the development of nanomedicines with improved therapeutic efficiency and reduced side effects. In this study, a pH- and temperature-responsive, controlled-release system with a high capacity for drug loading was developed based on radially porous silica nanoparticles composed of functionalized ligands and polymer encapsulation. This drug delivery system uses radially oriented mesoporous silica nanoparticles as the drug carrier, and control of the surface chemistry of those nanocarriers allows high-capacity loading efficiency of target drugs and stimuli-responsive release kinetics governed by pH and temperature. The delivery of ibuprofen was chosen to test this system, and a maximum loading efficiency of ca. 270 wt% was established, which was 3 times greater than that in previous studies for silica nanoparticles such as SBA-15, MCA-41, and MCM-48. In addition, the pH- and temperature-responsive release of ibuprofen was achieved when the surface of the nanocarriers was treated by pH-responsive amine functionalization and a temperature-responsive surface coating of agarose gel. Finally, cytotoxicity testing using the fibroblast cells showed that the developed silica nanocarriers have no toxicity on the cells, which should allow these nanocarriers to be applied as a nanomedicine in drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngbo Choi
- Department of Safety Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
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Su T, Yang B, Gao T, Liu T, Li J. Polymer nanoparticle-assisted chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920915978. [PMID: 32426046 PMCID: PMC7222269 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920915978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease characterized by highly dense stroma fibrosis. Only 15-20% of patients with pancreatic cancer have resectable tumors, and only around 20% of them survive to 5 years. Traditional cancer treatments have little effect on their prognosis, and successful surgical resection combined with effective perioperative therapy is the main method for maximizing long-term survival. For this reason, chemotherapy is an adjunct treatment for resectable cancer and is the main therapy for incurable pancreatic cancer, including metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, there are various side effects of chemotherapeutic medicine and low drug penetration because the complex tumor microenvironment limits the application of chemotherapy. As a novel strategy, polymer nanoparticles make it possible to target the tumor microenvironment, release cytotoxic agents through various responsive reactions, and thus overcome the treatment barrier. As drug carriers, polymer nanoparticles show marked advantages, such as increased drug delivery and efficiency, controlled drug release, decreased side effects, prolonged half-life, and evasion of immunogenic blockade. In this review, we discuss the factors that cause chemotherapy obstacles in pancreatic cancer, and introduce the application of polymer nanoparticles to treat pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Su
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianren Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People’s Republic of China
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Li J, Li X, Liu P. Synthesis of Acid-Labile Poly(Doxazolidine) as a Polyprodrug with an Ultra-High Drug Content for Self-Delivery of High-Performance Chemotherapeutics. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:710-716. [PMID: 31910025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug self-delivery systems (DSDSs) have attracted intense attention due to their high drug content. However, their practical application still suffers from their premature drug leakage, slow drug release, and/or low antitumor efficacy of the released small molecular drugs. Here, acid-labile poly(Doxazolidine) (P(Doxaz)) is designed as a polyprodrug for the self-delivery of high antitumor chemotherapeutics (Doxazolidine (Doxaz)), with an ultrahigh Doxaz content of 92.45%. The P(Doxaz) nanoparticles could completely degrade into Doxaz within 10 h in the simulated tumor intracellular microenvironment, with a low drug leakage of 12.9% over 12 h in the normal physiological media. Owing to the ultrahigh drug content, fast acid-triggered degradation and drug release, and high antitumor efficacy of Doxaz, the proposed DSDS possesses an enhanced antiproliferation efficacy compared to the free DOX, demonstrating its potential in future tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiagen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Xinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
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15
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Polymeric micelles with aggregation-induced emission based on microbial ε-polylysine for doxorubicin delivery. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Kumar K, Yadav L, Kondaiah P, Chaudhary S. Efficacious Doxorubicin Delivery Using Glutathione‐Responsive Hollow Non‐phospholipid Vesicles Bearing Lipoyl Cholesterols. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1633-1640. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Department of ChemistryMalaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
| | - Lalit Yadav
- Department of ChemistryMalaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and GeneticsIndian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- Department of ChemistryMalaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
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17
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Zarepour A, Zarrabi A, Larsen KL. Fabricating β-cyclodextrin based pH-responsive nanotheranostics as a programmable polymeric nanocapsule for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:7017-7038. [PMID: 31564863 PMCID: PMC6722460 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s221598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fabrication of a smart drug delivery system that could dramatically increase the efficiency of chemotherapeutic drugs and reduce the side effects is still a challenge for pharmaceutical researchers. By the emergence of nanotechnology, a huge window was opened towards this goal, and a wide type of nanocarriers were introduced for delivering the chemotherapeutic to the cancer cells, among them are cyclodextrins with the ability to host different types of hydrophobic bioactive molecules through inclusion complexation process. Aim The aim of this study is to design and fabricate a pH-responsive theranostic nanocapsule based on cyclodextrin supramolecular nano-structure. Materials and methods This nanostructure contains iron oxide nanoparticles in the core surrounded with three polymeric layers including polymeric β-cyclodextrin, polyacrylic acid conjugated to sulfadiazine, and polyethylenimine functionalized with β-cyclodextrin. Sulfadiazine is a pH-responsive hydrophobic component capable of making inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin available in the first and third layers. Doxorubicin, as an anti-cancer drug model, was chosen and the drug loading and release pattern were determined at normal and acidic pH. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the nanocapsule (with/without drug component) was examined using different techniques such as MTT assay, complement activation, coagulation assay, and hemolysis. Results The results revealed the successful preparation of a spherical nanocapsule with mean size 43±1.5 nm and negatively charge of −43 mV that show 160% loading efficacy. Moreover, the nanocapsule has an on/off switching release pattern in response to pH that leads to drug released in low acidic pH. The results of the biocompatibility tests indicated that this nano drug delivery system had no effect on blood and immune components while it could affect cancer cells even at very low concentrations (0.3 μg mL−1). Conclusion The obtained results suggest that this is a “switchable” theranostic nanocapsule with potential application as an ideal delivery system for simultaneous cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kim Lambertsen Larsen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Faculty of Chemistry, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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18
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Ovarian solid tumors: Current treatment and recent developments using stimuli-responsive polymers: A systemic review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Lee H, Benjamin CE, Nowak CM, Tuong LH, Welch RP, Chen Z, Dharmarwardana M, Murray KW, Bleris L, D'Arcy S, Gassensmith JJ. Regulating the Uptake of Viral Nanoparticles in Macrophage and Cancer Cells via a pH Switch. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2984-2990. [PMID: 29787282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the uptake of nanomaterials into phagocytes is a challenging problem. We describe an approach to inhibit the cellular uptake by macrophages and HeLa cells of nanoparticles derived from bacteriophage Qβ by conjugating negatively charged terminal hexanoic acid moieties onto its surface. Additionally, we show hydrazone linkers can be installed between the surface of Qβ and the terminal hexanoic acid moieties, resulting in a pH-responsive conjugate that, in acidic conditions, can release the terminal hexanoic acid moiety and allow for the uptake of the Qβ nanoparticle. The installation of the "pH switch" did not change the structure-function properties of the hexanoic acid moiety and the uptake of the Qβ conjugates by macrophages.
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